553 research outputs found
Dynamique des populations de Gerbilliscus kempi et Taterillus gracilis (Rodentia, Muridae) à Tanongou dans la réserve de biosphÚre de la pendjari au Bénin
Pour prĂ©server les agrosystĂšmes plus stables et peu perturbĂ©s de Tanongou dans la zone dâoccupation contrĂŽlĂ©e de la rĂ©serve de biosphĂšre de la pendjari au Nord-Ouest du BĂ©nin, des pullulations de rongeurs, la dynamique des populations de Gerbilliscus kempi et Taterillus gracilis a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©e entre septembre 2010 et Novembre 2011. Les rĂ©sultats ont montrĂ© que sur une richesse spĂ©cifique de 6 espĂšces, Taterillus gracilis et Gerbilliscus kempi sont les plus abondantes avec 0,53 pour lâindice de diversitĂ© de Simpson, 1,24 pour celui de Shannon-Wiener et 0,86 pour celui dâEquitabilitĂ© de PiĂ©lou. La densitĂ© moyenne globale Ă©tait de 8,62 individus/ha avec 4,87 individus/ha pour T. gracilis contre 2,83 individus/ha pour G. kempi. La connaissance du cycle annuel dâabondance des deux espĂšces de rongeurs et de la pĂ©riode des minima dâabondance, constitue un outil essentiel dans la lutte prĂ©ventive contre leur Ă©ventuelle pullulation.Mots clĂ©s : Rongeurs, espĂšces, abondance, cycle annuel, BĂ©nin
Effects of fish removal in the Furnas Lake, Azores
The Furnas Lake is a small volcanic, monomitic and increasingly eutrophised water body. Next to agricultural nutrient inputs, high densities of herbivorous fish are thought to contribute to high levels of turbidity in the lake, through zooplankton consumption and re suspension of the nutrients accumulated in the sediment. According to the alternative state hypothesis a shift from turbid to clear water conditions is favoured by reduction of nutrient concentrations, increased light availability and reduction of planktivorous and benthos-feeding fish stock. To improve water quality in the Furnas Lake, a substantial part of the bottom-feeding fish population (62% of the estimated common carp population, Cyprinus carpio, and 5% of the estimated roach population, Rutilus rutilus) was removed. Effects of fish removal on turbidity and associated trophic state were analysed next to post-manipulation chlorophyll a concentration, zooplankton and macrophytes densities. Results suggest that fish removal was not enough to change lake conditions towards a lasting clear state dominated by macrophytes. Excessive nutrient load, in water and sediments, nutrient input from the lake basin and fish recruitment causing enhanced zooplankton grazing are appointed causes. Any further biomanipulation efforts should be associated to nutrient reduction; and continued monitoring of water quality, fish stock, macrophytes and zooplankton is needed
La Sante des Populations des Espaces Frontaliers au Sud-Est du Benin: Quels Defis Sanitaires dans un Espace Cosmopolite?
La complexitĂ© des milieux frontaliers nĂ©cessite un systĂšme spĂ©cifique de soins de santĂ© aux populationsrĂ©sidentes. Lâanalyse desressources en santĂ© face au caractĂšre cosmopolite des espaces frontaliers a Ă©tĂ© faite Ă partir des Ă©lĂ©ments du rapport final de la cartographie des interventions et intervenants en santĂ© maternelle nĂ©o-natale et infanto-juvĂ©nile, les donnĂ©es du SystĂšme National dâInformation et de Gestion Sanitaires actualisĂ©es au niveau des zones sanitaires concernĂ©es. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus montrent une grande difficultĂ© de lâoffre de santĂ© dans les espaces frontaliers au sud -est du BĂ©nin. Lâinsuffisance en ressources humaines est importante de façon gĂ©nĂ©rale. La couverture des deux zones sanitaires en sages-femmes et infirmiers est satisfaisante. Cependant, leur rĂ©partition dans les centres de santĂ© ne tient pas compte des particularitĂ©s des espaces frontaliers. Il est notĂ© un gap en matĂ©riel roulant pour le dĂ©placement en urgence (4 ambulances), pour la supervision et le ravitaillement (12 vĂ©hicules) ainsi que pour les stratĂ©gies avancĂ©es (31 motos). Lâintervention au niveau famille et communautĂ© requiert encore beaucoup dâattention au regard du nombre important de relais communautaires qui reste Ă former et Ă pourvoir en kits de relais ; les kits SMNI sont quasiment inexistants dans presque toutes les formations sanitaires. Au regard de ces constats peu reluisants, il est nĂ©cessaire dâadapter lâoffre de soins et lâorganisation locale du systĂšme de santĂ© pour tenir compte de lâensemble des acteurs prĂ©sents localement et des besoins des populations transfrontaliĂšres.The complexity of the frontier mediums requires a specific system of health care to the resident populations. The analysis of the health resources face to the cosmopolitan character of frontier spaces was made starting from the elements of the final report of the cartography of the interventions and speakers in neo-nativity and youthful maternal health, the data of the National System of Medical Information and Management brought up to date on the level of the medical concerned zones. The obtained results show a great difficulty of offer a health care in frontier spaces in the south-east of Benin. The insufficiency in human resources is generally significant. The cover of the two medical zones as midwives and male nurses is satisfactory. However, their distribution in health centers doesnât take into account the frontier spaces characteristics. It is noted a gap in transport material for transportation of urgency case (4 ambulances), for the supervision and the supply (12 vehicles) like for the advanced strategies (31 motor bikes). The intervention on the family and community level still requires much attention in comparison with the significant number of Community relays which remain to be formed and to provide in kits with stage; kits SMNI are almost nonexistent in almost all the medical formations. Taking into consideration these report little glittering, it is necessary to adapt the offer of care and the local organization of the system of health to locally take into account the whole present actors and the transborder populations needs
Evaluating wind datasets for wave hindcasting in the NW Iberian Peninsula coast
The available wind datasets can be exploited to support the setup of accurate wave models, able to reproduce and forecast extreme event scenarios. It is of utmost importance in the actual context of climate change. This study focuses on evaluating the performance of a numerical wave model, using different wind datasets, helping to create a tool to assess coastal risks, and further on to support the future implementation of reliable warning systems based on numerical models. The numerical model SWAN was implemented, configured and validated for the NW Iberian Peninsula coast, as a test case region. A period of two months, from December 2013 to January 2014, was simulated due to the winter storms that crossed the area. Six distinct wind datasets were selected to test their suitability in regional wave modelling. The results were validated against several sets of wave buoy data, considering wave parameters such as significant wave height, mean wave period and peak direction. The implemented wave model configuration allowed the representation of the wave evolution with relatively good accuracy. All the wind datasets were able to produce reasonably good wave condition estimates. The dataset that best represented the wave properties varied from one wave parameter to another, but the most reliable for the selected region was the reanalysis product generated at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
Inventaire, structure morpho-métrique et importance des varans sacrés de Kandi (Nord-Est Bénin)
Les sites naturels sacrĂ©s regorgent dâespĂšces traditionnellement protĂ©gĂ©es. Cette Ă©tude menĂ©e de juin 2013 Ă dĂ©cembre 2013 Ă Kandi (milieu soudanien) a permis de dĂ©crire les espĂšces de varans et dâanalyser la structure morpho-mĂ©trique des varans sacrĂ©s. Les observations directes, les enquĂȘtes ethnozoologiques semistructurĂ©es sur 74 chefs de mĂ©nage et chasseurs et, les mesures corporelles des varans capturĂ©s ont signalĂ© la prĂ©sence de Varanus exanthematicus et Varanus niloticus diffĂ©renciĂ©s Ă partir de la taille (87% des enquĂȘtĂ©s), forme (61%), couleur (59%) et tempĂ©rament (52%). V. niloticus Ă©tait sacrĂ© pour lâethnie dominante "Batonu". 84% des captures Ă©taient mĂątures, pesaient en moyenne 1484 g pour 111,3 cm de long. La longueur moyenne du museau-cloaque Ă©tait de 44,7 cm et la queue 65,3 cm. Ils Ă©taient plus courts et moins lourds que V. niloticus du Lac Tchad (milieu sahĂ©lien) pouvant traduire une adaptation phĂ©notypique. La longueur de la queue (LQ) et du museau-cloaque (LMC) sâajustent dans le modĂšle LQ=1,19LMC + 11,74 (RÂČ=0,73 ; N=37). La longueur totale (L) et la masse corporelle (MC) sâajustent dans lâĂ©quation MC=0,03L - 1,42 (RÂČ=0,81 ; N=37). Toutefois, leur statut Ă©cologique doit ĂȘtre analysĂ© en incluant la symbiose hommes-varans.© 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clĂ©s: Varans, richesse spĂ©cifique, donnĂ©es biomĂ©triques, KandiEnglish Title: Inventory, morpho-metric structure and importance of sacred monitor lizard of Kandi (Northeastern Benin)English AbstractSacred natural sites abound in traditionally protected species. This study led from June 2013 to July 2013 at Kandi (Sudanese area) has enabled to describe the species of monitor lizards and to analyze the morpho-metric structure of sacred monitor lizards. Direct observations, semi-structure and ethnozoological surveys on 74 heads of household and hunters, and body measurements of monitor lizards captured have indicated the presence of Varanus exanthematicus and Varanus niloticus differentiated from size (87% of investigated), form (61%), color (59%) and temperament (52%). V. niloticus was sacred for âbatonuâ the dominant ethnic. 84% of the captures were matures, weighed on the average 1484 g and 111.3 cm long. The average of snout-vent-length (SVL) was 44.7 cm and the tail (TL) 65.3 cm. They were more shorts and less  heavy than V. niloticus of Lake Chad (sahelian environment). It can express phenotype adaptation. Tail length and snout-vent-length fit in the model TL=1.19SVL + 11.74 (RÂČ=0.73; N=37). Total length (L) and body mass (BM) fit in the equation BM =0.03L â 1.42(RÂČ=0.81; N=37). Therefore, their status must been analyzed including the symbiosis human-monitor lizards.© 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Monitor lizards, specific richness, biometrical data, Kand
Aspects ThĂ©rapeutiques du DĂ©collement de la RĂ©tine chez les ĂvacuĂ©s Sanitaires de Horns, BĂ©nin, de 2015 Ă 2020
Lâobjectif de cette Ă©tude est de dĂ©crire les aspects thĂ©rapeutiques du dĂ©collement de la rĂ©tine chez les Ă©vacuĂ©s sanitaires hors BĂ©nin de 2015 Ă 2020. Nous avons rĂ©alisĂ© une Ă©tude observationnelle transversale descriptive Ă visĂ©e analytique avec collecte rĂ©trospective des donnĂ©es. Elle sâest dĂ©roulĂ©e Ă la Direction GĂ©nĂ©rale de la MĂ©decine HospitaliĂšre et des Explorations Diagnostiques et dans des centres dâOphtalmologie publics et privĂ©s. La durĂ©e moyenne entre le diagnostic et la chirurgie Ă©tait de 81,67 ±23,05 jours avec des extrĂȘmes de 2 et 400 jours. Une chirurgie de DR par voie endoculaire Ă©tait rĂ©alisĂ©e sur 28 yeux (60,87%). Notons que des 28 yeux ayant subi une chirurgie endoculaire, 19 ont eu un tamponnement par huile de silicone et les 9 restants, un tamponnement par gaz. Sur les 46 yeux, 25 (54,35%) prĂ©sentaient des complications postopĂ©ratoires dont 15 cataractes et 9 rĂ©cidives du DR. En prĂ©opĂ©ratoire, 28 yeux sur 46 (60,87%) avaient une AV<1/20 et 5 yeux (10,87%) avaient une AV>3/10. En postopĂ©ratoire, 34 yeux (73,91%) avaient une AVâ„1/20 dont 32 (69,57%) une AV >1/20 et 17 (36,96%) une AV>3/10. LâAV Ă©tait rĂ©duite pour 7 yeux (15,22%), stationnaire pour 10 yeux (21,74%) et 29 yeux (63,04%) ont eu un gain dâAV. En prĂ©opĂ©ratoire, 6 yeux (13,04%) avaient une AV<1/20 et 2 yeux (4,35%) avaient une AV>3/10. En postopĂ©ratoire, 4 yeux (8,70%) avaient une AV<1/20 et 4 yeux (8,70%) avaient une AV>3/10. Chez les 2 sujets opĂ©rĂ©s dans un dĂ©lai †7 jrs (4,35%), l'AV Ă©tait amĂ©liorĂ©e et le gain supĂ©rieur Ă 6 lignes. Le dĂ©collement de la rĂ©tine est une pathologie oculaire grave pouvant causer la cĂ©citĂ©. Toutefois, de bonnes pratiques thĂ©rapeutiques donnent gĂ©nĂ©ralement un bon gain visuel.
The objective of this study is to describe the therapeutic aspects of retinal detachment in medical evacuees outside Benin from 2015 to 2020. We conducted an observational cross-sectional descriptive study with an analytical purpose and retrospective data collection. The study took place at the General Directorate of Hospital Medicine and Diagnostic Explorations and in public and private Ophthalmology centers. The average duration between diagnosis and surgery was 81.67 ± 23.05 days, ranging from 2 to 400 days. Endocular surgery for retinal detachment was performed on 28 eyes (60.87%). Of these 28 eyes undergoing endocular surgery, 19 had tamponade with silicone oil, and the remaining 9 had tamponade with gas. Among the 46 eyes, 25 (54.35%) had postoperative complications, including 15 cataracts and 9 retinal detachment recurrences. Preoperatively, 28 eyes out of 46 (60.87%) had visual acuity (VA) <1/20, and 5 eyes (10.87%) had VA >3/10. Postoperatively, 34 eyes (73.91%) had VA â„1/20, with 32 (69.57%) having VA >1/20 and 17 (36.96%) having VA >3/10. VA was reduced for 7 eyes (15.22%), remained stationary for 10 eyes (21.74%), and 29 eyes (63.04%) showed a gain in VA. Preoperatively, 6 eyes (13.04%) had VA <1/20, and 2 eyes (4.35%) had VA >3/10. Postoperatively, 4 eyes (8.70%) had VA <1/20, and 4 eyes (8.70%) had VA >3/10. Among the 2 subjects operated within †7 days (4.35%), VA improved, and the gain was greater than 6 lines. Retinal detachment is a serious ocular condition that can lead to blindness. However, proper therapeutic practices generally result in significant visual improvement
Ethnobotanical survey on antihypertensive medicinal plants in municipality of Ouémé, Southern Benin
Background and aims: Hypertension is one of the most common causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in human which take care requires permanent monitoring and lifelong treatment. Therefore, patients use herbal medicine to manage their disease. This study was conducted to list the medicinal plants used to manage hypertension in municipality of Ouémé, Southern Bénin. Methods:The survey was conducted by oral interviews using a structure questionnaire. These questionnaires were administered to randomly selected vendors, traditional medicine practitioners and person resource. The specimen of each species was deposited at the National Herbarium of the University of Abomey-Calavi and the Relative Frequency Citation was calculated. Results: 77 plants belonging to 46 families were recorded for the treatment of hypertension in department of Ouémé. 37 antihypertensive recipes were identified. Caesalpiniaceae, Annonnaceae, and Rubiaceae were the most represented. Allium Sativum was the most used species against hypertension with relative frequency of citation of 0.155 following by Persea americana (RFC= 0.134). The most parts used was aerial part (23.08) followed by the leaves (21.98). The principal mode of used is decoction (72.35) and the main mode of administration was the oral route. Conclusion: The survey enables to indicate plants species used to manage hypertension in department of Ouémé. The document resulting from this study is an effective way to preserve knowledge in traditional medicine. However, pharmacological screening of these plant species is very important to check their effectiveness
Aspects Therapeutiques du Decolement de Retine chez les Evacues Sanitares Hors Benin de 2015 a 2020
Lâobjectif de cette Ă©tude est de dĂ©crire les aspects thĂ©rapeutiques du dĂ©collement de la rĂ©tine (DR) chez les Ă©vacuĂ©s sanitaires hors BĂ©nin de 2015 Ă 2020. Nous avons rĂ©alisĂ© une Ă©tude observationnelle transversale descriptive Ă visĂ©e analytique avec collecte rĂ©trospective des donnĂ©es. Elle sâest dĂ©roulĂ©e Ă la Direction GĂ©nĂ©rale de la MĂ©decine HospitaliĂšre et des Explorations Diagnostiques et dans des centres dâOphtalmologie publics et privĂ©s. La durĂ©e moyenne entre le diagnostic et la chirurgie Ă©tait de 81,67 ±23,05 jours avec des extrĂȘmes de 2 et 400 jours. 46 yeux de 42 patients ont Ă©tĂ© inclus dans lâĂ©tude. Une chirurgie de DR Ă©tait rĂ©alisĂ©e par voie endoculaire sur 28 yeux (60,87%), par voie externe sur 4 yeux (8,70%) et technique chirurgicale non prĂ©cisĂ©e sur 14 yeux (30,43%). Notons que des 28 yeux ayant subi une chirurgie endoculaire, 19 ont eu un tamponnement par huile de silicone et les 9 restants, un t amponnement par gaz. Sur les 46 yeux, 25 (54,35%) prĂ©sentaient des complications postopĂ©ratoires dont 15 cataractes et 9 rĂ©cidives du DR. En prĂ©opĂ©ratoire, 28 yeux sur 46 (60,87%) avaient une AV<1/20 et 5 yeux (10,87%) avaient une AV>3/10. En postopĂ©ratoire, 34 yeux (73,91%) avaient une AVâ„1/20 et 17 (36,96%) une AV>3/10. LâAV Ă©tait rĂ©duite pour 7 yeux (15,22%), stationnaire pour 10 yeux (21,74%) et 29 yeux (63,04%) ont eu un gain moyen dâAV de 3 lignes. Chez les 2 sujets opĂ©rĂ©s dans un dĂ©lai †7 jours (4,35%), l'AV Ă©tait amĂ©liorĂ©e et le gain supĂ©rieur Ă 6 lignes. Le dĂ©collement de la rĂ©tine est une pathologie oculaire grave pouvant causer la cĂ©citĂ©. Toutefois, de bonnes pratiques thĂ©rapeutiques donnent gĂ©nĂ©ralement un bon gain visuel.
The objective of this study is to describe the therapeutic aspects of retinal detachment in medical evacuees outside Benin from 2015 to 2020. We conducted an observational cross-sectional descriptive study with an analytical purpose and retrospective data collection. The study took place at the General Directorate of Hospital Medicine and Diagnostic Explorations and in public and private Ophthalmology centers. The average duration between diagnosis and surgery was 81.67 ± 23.05 days, ranging from 2 to 400 days. Endocular surgery for retinal detachment was performed on 28 eyes (60.87%), externally in 4 eyes (8,70%) and unspecified surgical technique in 14 eyes (30,43%). Of these 28 eyes undergoing endocular surgery, 19 had tamponade with silicone oil, and the remaining 9 had tamponade with gas. Among the 46 eyes, 25 (54.35%) had postoperative complications, including 15 cataracts and 9 retinal detachment recurrences. Preoperatively, 28 eyes out of 46 (60.87%) had visual acuity (VA) <1/20, and 5 eyes (10.87%) had VA >3/10. Postoperatively, 34 eyes (73.91%) had VA â„1/20, with 17 (36.96%) having VA >3/10. VA was reduced for 7 eyes (15.22%), remained stationary for 10 eyes (21.74%), and 29 eyes (63.04%) showed a gain in VA. Among the 2 subjects operated within †7 days (4.35%), VA improved, and the gain was greater than 6 lines. Retinal detachment is a serious ocular condition that can lead to blindness. However, proper therapeutic practices generally result in significant visual improvement
InterĂȘt de la Refraction Sous Cycloplegie chez lâAdulte Jeybe a Citonou
Les vices de rĂ©fraction ou amĂ©tropies sont reprĂ©sentĂ©s par toutes les situations oĂč le systĂšme optique de lâĆil ne permet pas de focaliser lâimage dâun objet sur la rĂ©tine. Cette recherche se voulait dâĂ©tudier les variations de la rĂ©fraction sous cycloplĂ©gie chez lâadulte jeune. Elle Ă©tait rĂ©trospective sur 05 ans Ă lâex HĂŽpital dâInstruction des ArmĂ©es â Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Cotonou considĂ©rant 2224 yeux de patients ĂągĂ©s de 18 Ă 38 ans respectant les critĂšres dâinclusion. La rĂ©gression linĂ©aire a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©e en vue dâĂ©tudier la relation entre la puissance des sphĂšres, du cylindre et lâĂ©quivalent sphĂ©rique avant et aprĂšs la cycloplĂ©gie. LâĂąge moyen des patients Ă©tait de 27,2 ans ± 6,1. Les cĂ©phalĂ©es reprĂ©sentaient 56,1% des motifs de consultation et la douleur oculaire 51,8%. Avant la cycloplĂ©gie, on comptait 57,7% de myopes et 29,8% dâhypermĂ©tropes ; aprĂšs la cycloplĂ©gie, 20,5 % de myopes et 74,1% dâhypermĂ©tropes. Ă partir des Ă©quivalents sphĂ©riques, la variation moyenne de la puissance des sphĂšres Ă©tait statistiquement significative (p < 0,0001). Elle Ă©tait de 0,14 D chez les myopes, de 0,26 D chez les hypermĂ©tropes. La cycloplĂ©gie a une influence significative sur lâĂ©quivalent sphĂ©rique dans toutes les tranches dâĂąge jusquâĂ 38 ans (p < 0,0001). Lâestimation de la rĂ©fraction sans cycloplĂ©gie nâest donc pas prĂ©cise. En effet, la cycloplĂ©gie en relĂąchant lâaccommodation permet dâestimer de façon pertinente la valeur exacte et prĂ©cise de la rĂ©fraction.
Refractive errors or ametropias encompass situations where the optical system of the eye fails to focus the image of an object onto the retina. This study aimed to investigate variations in refraction under cycloplegia in young adults. It was a retrospective study conducted over a period of 5 years at the former Military Teaching Hospital - University Hospital Center of Cotonou, involving 2224 eyes of patients aged 18 to 38 years who met the inclusion criteria. Linear regression was employed to examine the relationship between the power of spheres, cylinders, and spherical equivalent before and after cycloplegia. The average age of patients was 27.2 years ± 6.1. Headaches accounted for 56.1% of the reasons for consultation, and ocular pain for 51.8%. Before cycloplegia, 57.7% were myopic, and 29.8% were hyperopic; after cycloplegia, 20.5% were myopic, and 74.1% were hyperopic. Based on spherical equivalents, the average change in sphere power was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). It was 0.14 D for myopes and 0.26 D for hypermetropes. Cycloplegia had a significant influence on the spherical equivalent across all age groups up to 38 years (p < 0.0001). Therefore, estimating refraction without cycloplegia is not accurate. Indeed, cycloplegia, by relaxing accommodation, allows for a relevant estimation of the exact and precise value of refraction
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