TRIMETHOPRIM DETERMINATION WITH DRUG-SELECTIVE ELECTRODES

Developed ion-selective electrode has been industrialized for the determination of trimethoprim (TMP) in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations. The selective electrode was made from TMP with pairing agent methyl orange presence of o-nitrophenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE) and dibutyl phthalate as the plasticizing solvent mediator. Electrode 1 showed a Nernstian reply with a mean calibration graphs slope of 57.31 mv.decade−1, over the linear concentration range of 6.0×10−6–1.0×10−2 M of the drug, with detection limits 3.0×10−6 M. The electrode was effective at pH range between 2.0 and 5.5 for concentration of 10−2 M, 1.5–4.5 for concentration of 10−2 M, and 3.0–4.5 for concentration of 10−4 M of TMP solutions. The electrode 2 gave a non- Nernstian slope equal to 41.20 mv.decade−1. The influence of interfering species such as inorganic cations was studied. Electrode 1 showed an effective response for a period of 27 days, without important variation in parameters of electrode. The suggested electrode was intended for the determination of TMP in pharmaceutical design and pure formula

A Preliminary Study For Worker-Driven Social Responsibility Concept From An Islamic Perspective

                                                      Sumber-sumber Islam menyebut tentang perlunya ilmu pentadbiran yang selaras dengan pemikiran pengorganisasian dalam Islam. Ramai pakar dan penyelidik Muslim mengakui bahawa penggunaan kaedah Barat oleh negara-negara Islam merupakan cabaran yang besar kerana perniagaan di dunia Islam mempunyai perspektifnya tersendiri sehingga perlu berusaha untuk mencapai objektif Syariah dalam setiap aspek perniagaannya. Begitu juga, skop Tanggungjawab Sosial Pekerja (TSP) masih belum ditentukan dan tiada kriteria untuk mengukur kesannya di negara-negara Islam. Sedangkan, pemikiran pentadbiran Islam sudah pun mempunyai asas dan kriteria yang kukuh dalam merekrut pekerja, terutama untuk pekerjaan awam kerana tanggungjawab sosial adalah sesuatu yang berharga kepada Islam. Disebabkan isu-isu tersebut, kajian ini perlu dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti TSP dalam perspektif Islam. Secara umum, kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Secara khusus ia menggunakan pendekatan induktif yang sesuai digunakan untuk mengumpul data daripada bahan-bahan terdahulu. Data-data yang terkumpul akan dianalisis melalui kaedah analisis kandungan. Hasil analisis ini menemukan beberapa definisi dan kaedah dasar pekerjaan yang meningkatkan tanggungjawab sosial mengikut model TSP dari perspektif Islam. Sumbangan lain ialah menggalakkan peralihan penyelidikan secara teori kepada kajian aplikasi dan penerapan yang mempercepatkan amalan ciri-ciri Islam dalam tanggungjawab sosial dengan mempromosikan konsep TSP kepada pelbagai organisasi.   Islamic literature mentions the need for administrative sciences that are consistent with Islamic organisational thought. Many Muslim specialists and researchers admit that the adoption of Western methods by Islamic countries represents a significant challenge since business in the Islamic world has its perspective and the quest is to achieve the objectives of Sharia in every aspect of its business. The scope of Employee-Driven of Social Responsibility (WSR) activities is still undetermined and there are no criteria for measuring the impact of these organisational activities especially in Islamic countries. Simultaneously, Islamic administrative thought sets firm foundations and criteria and tightens them when recruiting employees, especially for public jobs since social responsibility is an asset to Islam. Therefore, this study needs to identify the WSR in Islamic perspective. A qualitative approach was used, while the inductive approach was used to collect data from previous literature. Data collections would be analysis by content analysis method. Yield of this study showed that several defines and methods of the possibility of establishing employment policies that enhance social responsibility according to the WSR model from an Islamic perspective. It will contribute cognitively towards building an understanding for a new social responsibility model represented by WSR in Islamic perspective. Other contributions are promoting the transition of Islamic literature from theory and theoretical research to application and applied studies that accelerate the practice of Islamic characteristics in social responsibility by promoting these concepts to various organisations

Simple N Compounds Electrochemical Behavior of Steel in Aqueous Solutions

Chemical polishing or electropolishing, instead of mechanical polishing, are recommended for the attainment of metallic surface polishes without the introduction of contaminates or tensions in the surface layers of the metal. The fundamental difference between the chemical and electropolishing processes is that in the latter anodic currents/potentials are used to help in the dissolution and passivation of the metal. The elctropolishing process inhibited with different ratio by addition of amide derivatives with concentration range 1x10-6 to 5x10-3M .The results reveal that amides have strongest inhibitive effect ranging from 4 to 38 %.  Thermodynamic parameters as well as adsorption isotherms were driven. Keywords: Electropolishing, amide derivatives Thermodynamic parameters, adsorptio

Reviving urban spaces through tactical urbanism in Baghdad: Five common tactics

This research investigates the socio-spatial causes and consequences of tactical urbanism practices in Baghdad. It attempts to identify the main creators of these practices and their motivations. It recognizes five common practices of tactical urbanism in Baghdad, public art, pop-up rest areas, pavement plazas, guerrilla gardening, and open streets. This research argues that the applications of tactical urbanism in Baghdad could revive urban spaces and positively impact local communities, and that it could have various implications for urban policies. This article examines evidence from fieldwork and interviews with individuals involved in tactical urbanism projects. It also employs a questionnaire which addresses the opinions of individuals in the profession of architecture and urban design regarding the impact of tactical urbanism

Analysing Properties of Asphalt Concrete Modified with Crumb Rubber Compare to Other Mixture

Several  researchers have been undertake in finding alternative materials in order to be used as a modifier in asphalt mixture for the purpose of improving its properties. This research presents a study of laboratory evaluation on the performance of hot-mixed asphalt (HMA) using crumb rubber as an additive. It is noted that crumb rubber was identified to have potency as a modifier in HMA due to the elastic behavior exposed by the rubber particles, especially in reducing the rutting potential. This study fine crumb rubber Shred (2.36-0.85 mm) obtained by ambient-temperature grinding process from discarded truck tires, was used to modify asphalt concert. The fine crumb rubber with different contents, i.e. 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%, was incorporated into the mixture by using dry and wet process method in differentent temperatures. The Marshal properties, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), Indirect Tensile Strength test (ITS) and Indirect Tensile Strength Modulus (ITSM), Permeability   were conducted. The result showed that marshal stability, Marshal Quotient, Voids in Mix (VIM) and Voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) decreased with the increasing crumb rubber modifier. However, Marshal Flow and Void filled with asphalt (VFWA) increased when crumb rubber modifier was increased. The crumb rubber asphalt mixture result indicated has increased amount of crumb rubber in asphalt concrete mixture will decrease the Marshall Stability and permeability test shows that asphalt concrete without crumb rubber lower than AC with crumb rubber strength compare to other mixture

Formation of an RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex on an RNA promoter derived from the hepatitis delta virus RNA genome

Although RNA polymerases (RNAPs) are able to use RNA as template, it is unknown how they recognize RNA promoters. In this study, we used an RNA fragment derived from the hepatitis delta virus (HDV) genome as a model to investigate the recognition of RNA promoters by RNAP II. Inhibition of the transcription reaction using an antibody specific to the largest subunit of RNAP II and the direct binding of purified RNAP II to the RNA promoter confirmed the involvement of RNAP II in the reaction. RNA affinity chromatography established that an active RNAP II preinitiation complex forms on the RNA promoter and indicated that this complex contains the core RNAP II subunit and the general transcription factors TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TFIIS. Binding assays demonstrated the direct binding of the TATA-binding protein and suggested that this protein is required to nucleate the RNAP II complex on the RNA promoter. Our findings provide a better understanding of the events leading to RNA promoter recognition by RNAP II

Psoriasis therapy and aortic inflammation — translating statistical to clinical significance

Psoriasis patients are known to have comorbid aortic vascular inflammation, which is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in this population. Many studies report statistically significant improvements in aortic vascular inflammation after use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors or interleukin-12/23 antagonists. However, the clinical significance in reduction of adverse cardiovascular events in psoriatic patients owing to biologic therapy has not been examined. Regardless of clinically significant cardiovascular benefits, dermatologists should continue to treat psoriasis patients optimally to mitigate the unfavorable effect this disease has on quality of life