Molecular characterization of salt stress in grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) and rootstocks

Salt stress is an important factor inducing the expression of many genes; e.g. the osmotin gene is one of the very important genes responding to NaCl stress. After exposure to NaCl stress, the osmotin gene expression level was investigated in 6 grape cultivars grown in GAP (Southeast Anatolian region including the provinces Gaziantep, Şanliurfa, Diyarbakır, Mardin, Batman, Siirt and Şırnak) and in 4 grape cultivars and 7 rootstocks recommended to the GAP region. Expression levels were investigated by Northern blot analysis. The osmotin expression level was higher in scion cultivars than in rootstocks. Within grapevine cultivars, the highest osmotin gene expression level was observed in cv. Tahannebi, followed by Hönüsü, another GAP region cultivar. The osmotin gene expression levels of two grape cultivars, Ata sarisi and Alphonse Lavallée recommended to the GAP region, were lower than those of Hönüsü. On the other hand the GAP region cultivars Ağ Besni, Rumi, Kabarcık, Dımıþkı and the recommended cultivars Razakı and Italia were significantly different in their expression levels. Among rootstocks 1616 C displayed the highest expression level, followed by 99R; they were followed by 1613C. In 110R the expression level was slightly lower than in the above mentioned ones and 41B. In SO4 and 5C the level of expression remained at the control level.

Molecular discrimination and identification of some Turkish grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) by RAPD markers

Research Note

Comparison of Some Raspberry Cultivars' Herbal Features by Repeated Random Complete Design Statistic Technique.

The aim of this study was comparatively to examine herbal traits of the cultivars such as Rubin, Summit, Holland Dwarf, Heritage, Tulameen, Aksu Red, Nuburg, Canby and Willamette red raspberries cultivated at Ankara Condition, in the capital of Turkey between 2002 and 2005. According to Repeated Random Complete Design (RRCD) (which was composed of four random plot design experiments) used in the experiment, the effects of cultivar, year and cultivar by year interaction on herbal traits such as the height of shoot, diameter of shoot, number of shoot, fruitfulness of shoot and weight of fruit were further more significant (p < 0.0001). Besides, determination coefficients of RRCD for traits ranged from 95.60 to 99.94% (very-high). As a result, we concluded in Ankara condition that as to herbal traits such as the height of shoot, diameter of shoot, number of shoot, fruitfulness of shoot and weight of fruit, Willamette cultivar were more superior to others. In addition, we can suggest that researchers should analyze using RRCD because Determination Coefficients of RRCD for all traits were much more found

Utilization of Power Analysis in Horticulture

The aim of this study was to determine associations and the values of power analysis as their reliability degrees between Year or Cultivars and traits such as fruit weight (FW), total acid (TA) and, the soluble substance that can be dissolved in water (SSDW) from various ten raspberry cultivars in an adaptation study regarding horticulture field by using Chi-Square and Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square statistics after FW, TA and SSDW were categorized as binary (low and high). Association between FW and CULTIVAR, association between SSDW and YEAR, association between SSDW and CULTIVAR, association between TA and CULTIVAR were much more significant (P<0.001). Besides, corresponding power values for Chi-Square and Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square statistics were very close on each other and had a reliability of approximately 100% and enough sample size. Contrary to these four contingency tables, associations between both FW-YEAR and TA-YEAR were non-significant and non-reliable because corresponding power values for Chi-Square and Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square statistic were 50-51% (a power of moderate-level) and 22-23% (power of low level), respectively and sufficient sample sizes for both FW-YEAR and TA-YEAR should be 240 and 560, respectively in order to provide a power of 80%. As a result, in order to be obtained reliable results and determined enough sample size in Chi-Square and Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square Statistics, power analysis should be performed

Daily workflow and workload of radiation oncology specialists in Turkey [Türkiye’de radyasyon onkolojisi uzmanlarının günlük uygulama akışı ve iş yükü]

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to research the effort required by patient evaluation, radiotherapy planning and treatment processes in the daily applications of radiation oncology in terms of time, and to use this effort as the primary source for human power and infrastructure planning required in radiotherapy. METHODS The surveys carried out by Turkish Radiation Oncology Association Proficiency Board, Curriculum Preparation and Evaluation Commission on Education Institutions, Surveys delivered to the officers of the center via electronic mail, were answered and evaluated in accordance with the data of 2012. RESULTS 26 University and 8 Ministry of Health Hospitals participated in the study. The total number of specialists employed in the participant centers, were 227. For per specialist, 383 hours in a year were spent for the patients at follow-up, 334 hours were spent for the patients that were in treatment, and 950 hours were spent for planning and treatment set-ups. It was determined that the time spent for per patient in intensity modulated radiotherapy technique, was 2-3 times more when compared to the location of tumor, which is a conformal technique. It was observed that this duration was much longer in special radiotherapy applications such as brachytherapy, total body irradiation and radiosurgery. CONCLUSION Technological advancements in radiotherapy, require more effort and working time for new job descriptions and in daily practice. © 2015 Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology

The effects of aglepristone alone and in combination with cloprostenol on hormonal values during termination of mid-term pregnancy in bitches

This study was designed to assess endocrine changes associated with termination of midterm pregnancy after use of two different protocols. For this purpose we compared the effects of aglepristone (AGL) alone and in combination with cloprostenol (CLO) on serum concentrations of progesterone (P-4), estradiol (E-2) and relaxin (RLN) measured at shortterm intervals during the abortion period in bitches. Fourteen pregnant bitches between day 25 and 32 of gestation were used in the study. In the AGL group (n = 7), aglepristone was administered solely (10 mg/kg body weight (BW), subcutaneously, once daily on two consecutive days) whereas in the AGL-CLO group (n = 7), aglepristone (dosage as in AGL group) and cloprostenol (1 mu g/kg BW, subcutaneously, same with aglepristone) were combined. All pregnancies were successfully terminated 5.2 1.6 days after initiation of treatments, which was significant in both groups (P> 0.05). At the time of the start of abortion (SA) and the end of abortion (EA), the mean P4 concentrations were 26.6 7.3 and 12.0 6.4 ng/ml in AGL group, and 2.7 0.7 and 0.9 0.1 ng/ml, in AGL-CLO group, respectively (P 0.05). However, markedly higher RLN concentrations (P< 0.05) were observed in the AGL group at 48 h (1.5 0.7 ng/ml) and at SA (1.6 0.5 ng/ml). The results of the present study indicate that changes in the hormonal concentrations affect the mechanism of abortion in different ways. Further in depth studies investigating changes in the expression of hormone receptors inside the ovary, endometrium and placenta might be helpful to our understanding of the endocrinological differences observed in this study. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved