Effect of Piper betle and Brucea javanica on the Differential Expression of Hyphal Wall Protein (HWP1) in Non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) Species

The study aimed to identify the HWP1 gene in non-Candida albicans Candida species and the differential expression of HWP1 following treatment with Piper betle and Brucea javanica aqueous extracts. All candidal suspensions were standardized to 1 x 10(6) cells/mL. The suspension was incubated overnight at 37 degrees C (C. parapsilosis, 35 degrees C). Candidal cells were treated with each respective extract at 1, 3, and 6 mg/mL for 24 h. The total RNA was extracted and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was carried out with a specific primer of HWP1. HWP1 mRNAs were only detected in C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. Exposing the cells to the aqueous extracts has affected the expression of HWP1 transcripts. C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis have demonstrated different intensity of mRNA. Compared to P. betle, B. javanica demonstrated a higher suppression on the transcript levels of HWP1 in all samples. HWP1 was not detected in C. albicans following the treatment of B. javanica at 1 mg/mL. In contrast, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis were shown to have HWP1 regulation. However, the expression levels were reduced upon the addition of higher concentration of B. javanica extract. P. betle and B. javanica have potential to be developed as oral health product.Article Link : http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2013/397268

Revitalising Reserve Requirement In Banking Model: An Industrial Organisation Approach

The objective of reserve requirement as a policy tool is mainly to control money supply in the economy. However, the changes of reserve requirement also affect banks´ interest rates. Thus, the changes will have an effect on banking optimal behaviour in maximising profits. Using the industrial organisation approach, this paper will evaluate the Indonesian banking sector in the course of designing an unconventional reserve requirement policy that link a bank´s reserve requirement ratio to the bank´s loan to deposit ratio. When a bank´s loan to deposit ratio increases, the bank will have a smaller ratio of reserve requirement. This incentive mechanism was implemented to accomplish Bank Indonesia´s intentions of increasing loan growth and reducing the “excess liquidity” in the Indonesian banking sector. The paper reveals that the policy is effective in boosting bank loans and consequently decreasing excess liquidity. It also suggests that the policy could provide another tool for the central bank to impact bank liquidity in order to support financial system stability.

Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Bagi Anak Usia Dini Versus Budaya Lokal

Mengenalkan bahasa Inggris sejak dini seyogyanya perlu didukung oleh sarana dan prasarana yang memadai. Guru sebagai komponen pengelola proses pembelajaran perlu memahami kerangka berpikir anak usia dini (AUD) agar pengelolaan pembelajaran dapat dilakukan dengan baik. Pembelajaran hendaknya dikelola sedemikian rupa agar tercipta kegiatan belajar yang bermakna dan menyenangkan. Penggunaan nyanyian (song) sebagai media pembelajaran merupakan salah satu upaya bagi terciptanya pembelajaran bahasa Inggris yang bermakna dan menyenangkan, yang “asyik”, bagi anak usia dini. Pembelajaran bahasa Inggris dapat disiasati dengan berbagai cara – metode dan teknik serta permainan (games) maupun media pembelajaran – yang akan membuat anak tidak merasa sedang belajar tetapi sedang bermain, sehingga anak merasa asyik belajar Inggris. Bahkan budaya lokal pun dapat digunakan sebagai sarana ampuh dalam menciptakan pembelajaran yang asyik bagi AUD. Tulisan ini akan membahas pembelajaran bahasa Inggris bagi AUD secara umum, dan belajar melalui nyanyian secara khusus. Pembelajaran bahasa Inggris yang menyenangkan akan menghindari AUD dari kejenuhan dan rasa bosan atau bahkan trauma terhadap bahasa Inggris

SOCIAL PROJECT AGAINST OTHERING: “THE RYHTHM OF LOVE”

Although the numbers differ it is estimated about 600.000- 1.000.000 Gypsy oriented citizen live within the borders of Turkey. The gypsies have first moved to Anatolia in the 16th century but many gypsy families have brought into Turkey after the Lausanne Treaty. Gypsies as well as the Jews were the first two minority groups who have adopted and internalized the Turkish identity enforced by the Kemalist politicians. Unfortunately it seems the gypsy attempt towards the acceptance of Turkish National and religious identity does not damp the othering process which the gypsies face with in Turkey. The social right to accomplish educational facilities without being supressed by secret boundaries created in the Turkish Society is one of the major disadvantages of the gypsy society today. This paper will discuss a social project being carried out by TOG (Volunteers of the Society Foundation) at Bandırma region which fight against the othering process gypsy youngsters have to face with throughout their educational life. “The Ryhtm of Love Project” tries to give an opportunity to the gypsian youngsters who continue their educational life by improving their musical talents within their spare times. The project also proved out those gypsian students who is participating the project have both improved their educational- social talents and began to sweep out the difficulties they came across on the way up to their university careers

The global adoption of Industralised Building System (IBS) : lessons learned

Industrialised Building Systems (IBS) is typically used interchangeably with other terms such as prefabrication, offsite manufacturing, offsite construction, and modern method of construction (MMC), industrialised building and industrialised construction. Nevertheless, the term modern method of construction (MMC) has been used to collectively describe both offsite-based construction technologies and innovative onsite technologies in the United Kingdom. It is evident that there exist a wide range of contextual issues which stems from the definition of these terminologies. However, lack of previous research has explored the relationship between these terminologies. Therefore, this paper emphasises the contrasting concepts of IBS and MMC, and concludes that ill-defining the MMC-IBS terms leads to misunderstanding, uncertainty and prejudice of the IBS concept and its benefits besides the adoption of IBS in global, which will be detrimental to efforts promoting the use of IBS in the construction industry

Peningkatan Nilai Overall Equipment Effectiveness pada Proses Pembuatan Kaca Cermin dengan Metode Fmea

PT. ABC as the manufacturer of the mirror trying to make improvements is effective in all production lines, the achievement of value of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) in the production department shows a very low OEE value. The main factors affecting the low value of the OEE is a factor of downtime, machine performance and high defect rate during the production process. Through analysis of the Six Big Losses obtained three factors, including the factor breakdown, reduce speed and quality losses. To identify losses and reduce the chances of system failure or process performed the analysis using FMEA method with the objective of determining the value of the highest RPN to priority improvements. The highest RPN value to the breakdown and quality was caused by the low quality of raw glass. While the highest RPN value to reduce speed due to the size factor process inefficient. Through the method of 5W+1H drawn up plans for corrective action to be deployed in production department. After doing the improvements for six months as recommended, the OEE value increased

Rancang Bangun Keamanan Data Jaringan Komputer dengan Menggunakan Metode Ipsec Vpn (Studi Kasus: Pt.agrabudi Komunika)

Virtual Private Network (VPN), merupakan sebuah jaringan yang dibuat untuk melakukan transaksi data yang telah dienkripsi antara dua atau lebih pengguna jaringan yang resmi : Jaringan VPN seluruhnya menggunakan internet sehingga factor keamanan menjadi sangat penting. Beberapa serangan yang mungkin terjadi di jaringan internet adalah Denial of Service (DoS) attack, sniffing, spoofing, session hijacking, dan masih banyak lagi. Penelitian ini yaitu tentang rancang bagun sistem keamanan data di PT. Agrabudi Komunika menggunakan metode IPSec VPN. Alat yang digunakan yanitu menggunakan GNS3 dan menggunakan teknologi IPSec dan VPN. Untuk mengamankan sebuah data dyang akan dikirim, yaitu dapat menggunakan IPSec VPN. Karena dengan adanya IPSec VPN proses pengiriman data mengirim data dengan nyaman tanpa adanya ganguan dari pihak ketiga karena data yang telah dikirim sudah terenkripsi dengan baik

Passively mode-locked laser using an entirely centred erbium-doped fiber

This paper describes the setup and experimental results for an entirely centred erbium-doped fiber laser with passively mode-locked output. The gain medium of the ring laser cavity configuration comprises a 3 m length of two-core optical fiber, wherein an undoped outer core region of 9.38 μm diameter surrounds a 4.00 μm diameter central core region doped with erbium ions at 400 ppm concentration. The generated stable soliton mode-locking output has a central wavelength of 1533 nm and pulses that yield an average output power of 0.33 mW with a pulse energy of 31.8 pJ. The pulse duration is 0.7 ps and the measured output repetition rate of 10.37 MHz corresponds to a 96.4 ns pulse spacing in the pulse train