Investigating Movable Property in the Commercial System of Afghanistan

Whatever is useful for human and fulfills their needs is called property. Property has a special importance in human life, If the materials and spiritual needs of people are met by means of property, then it is very important for us to know it, and to know moveable property in terms of the commercial system of Afghanistan is very important, because the moveable property is condition for a commercial transaction, and in this article we have first identified the property, then we have examined the mobility of the property, and then we have examined the effects of the moveable property in the commercial system of Afghanistan

Potential Phytochemicals and Pharmacological Aspect of Ficus deltoidea Plant

Ficus deltoidea is a potential plant used for several purposes. This plant traditionally used for various treatment in the different parts of the globe. Ficus deltoidea has diversed morphology and mostly found in south Asian countries. Due to its great potential, recently it is getting famous as more attention given in exploring herbs as an alternative for medicine. The active phytochemicals of F. deltoidea have been studied for antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anti-ulcerogenic and wound healing activities. This review article will focus on to elaborate the active phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of F. deltoidea plant

GIRLS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS MATHEMATICS AT INTERMEDIATE LEVEL IN FATA

This paper investigated the attitude of girls’ students towards mathematics and factors affecting their attitude towards the subject at intermediate level in Federally Administered Tribal Area (FATA). The sample of the study was three hundred and thirty 330 pre-medical girls’ students from six 6 higher secondary schools and inter-colleges in Khyber Agency. A convenience sampling technique was used in the selection of schools while students were randomly selected. Data were collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire with (alpha=0.97) and were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that girls’ attitude towards mathematics was negative. Socio-cultural factors, Stereotypic effects, math’s anxiety, lack of role model in mathematics, deficiency of Mathematics teachers and lack of counseling services in schools/colleges were the main factors responsible for students negative attitude towards the subject. It was, therefore, recommended that revision of present math’s course, introducing math’s short courses, inclusion of description of the female role models in the subject, launching of effective awareness campaigns about mathematics career for girls, overcoming the deficiency of mathematics teachers in schools/colleges and establishing counseling services in schools/colleges were necessary for changing students’ attitude to provide them opportunities to join science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields

The Powers of the President against the Legislative Branch; According to the Constitution of Afghanistan

According to the Afghan Constitution, the President is the head of state and three branches, and also the head of the executive branch. The Constitution of Afghanistan in generally defines the powers of the President, one of which is the powers of the President against the legislative branch. Since these powers are not clearly defined in the constitution. Therefore, the constitution of Afghanistan needs a clear and light interpretation, which is a major problem in the Afghan constitution. The constitution also gives the president more powers than responsibilities, the main reason is that when the constitution was drafted; in addition to external interference, at the time the President of Afghanistan, Hamid Karzai, placed more powers in the constitution for his own benefit. So, it can be said the president had not exercised his powers against the legislative branch in accordance with the constitution

The Inclusion of Information and Communication Technology in Education

In the era of 21st century ICT has given a core contribution to education. The paper introduces ICT and explore its role in education. ICT is typically defined as a group of technical devices, tools, and learning resources that are used for information sharing, development, management, and communication. Internet, mobile devices, laptops, tablets, and broadcasting technology abilities like TV, radio, Pod-casting, Wi-Fi, and a lot more software are all included in ICT. The paper argued that ICT impact on almost all aspects of educational practices. The investigators interviewed graduate and post-graduate students as well as educational administrations. The previous literature is also reviewed and found that ICT has remarkable improvements in many areas of education. ICT has been identified in earlier researches and student interviews as having connected and dependent impacts on the teaching and learning process, as well as more specifically targeting learning outcomes.&nbsp

Palynomorphological characterization of some species of selected genera of family Rhamnaceae

The present study was confined to pollen morphology of some species of familyRhamnaceae. It was found that pollen characters (that is, shape, surface of exine and pollenmorphology) P/E ratio were considered as important and were used as tools in the taxonomyof these species. The present study shows that the flora of the selected species is a stable one.Pollen morphology varies among these species very considerably

Palynological Studies in Tribe Aveneae (Poaceae) from Potohar of Pakistan

Pollen morphology of four species belonging to three genera of tribe aveneae (Poaceae) was examined by light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The study showed that pollen in all species were circular in polar view, however, there are variations in equatorial view of pollen and other quantitative characters that is, polar and equatorial diameter, pore diameter and exine thickness, that are valuable in the identification and differentiation of species. Average pollen fertility in the tribe is 77.37%. Scabrate type of sculpturing is found in all species except Polypogon monspeliensis which showed the verrucate type of sculpturing and can be differentiated from Polypogon fugaxon the basis of its sculpturing pattern. The study revealed that pollen characters are important in the taxonomy of grasses at the specific and generic level and can be useful in delimiting taxa of different tribes

Natural Treatment Systems as Sustainable Ecotechnologies for the Developing Countries

The purpose of natural treatment systems is the re-establishment of disturbed ecosystems and their sustainability for benefits to human and nature. The working of natural treatment systems on ecological principles and their sustainability in terms of low cost, low energy consumption, and low mechanical technology is highly desirable. The current review presents pros and cons of the natural treatment systems, their performance, and recent developments to use them in the treatment of various types of wastewaters. Fast population growth and economic pressure in some developing countries compel the implementation of principles of natural treatment to protect natural environment. The employment of these principles for waste treatment not only helps in environmental cleanup but also conserves biological communities. The systems particularly suit developing countries of the world. We reviewed information on constructed wetlands, vermicomposting, role of mangroves, land treatment systems, soil-aquifer treatment, and finally aquatic systems for waste treatment. Economic cost and energy requirements to operate various kinds of natural treatment systems were also reviewed

Histopathological Alterations Caused by Insecticides (Chlorpyrifos) in Carp Fishes in Khost, Afghanistan

Histology is the study of tissues is an important sensitive term to find out the influence of chemical compounds on the organ that are targeted and be used to find the health and growth of fish in polluted ecosystem (Van Dye and Pieterse, 2008). Histopathology is the study in which when water is polluted, the effect of this pollution is studied on the body and various tissues of the fish when these tissues come in contact with these chemicals. It not only give information about the function of the body but also inform us about the pollution of the water. It give us an idea about the side effects of human activities by disturbing the environment (Banaee, 2013). When these fishes are studied for parameters that changes observed indicate the toxic effect of these chemicals (Sudova et al, 2009)

Successful Trans-Radial Coronary Intervention through “Arteria Lusoriaâ€

Arteria Lusoria or aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is present in 0.6–1.4% of individuals. The presence of ARSA can make a right transradial approach for coronary angiography and angioplasty technically more difficult. We describe a case in which a right Trans-radial approach for catheterization was successful in the setting of ARSA