Does dynamics reflect topology in directed networks?

We present and analyze a topologically induced transition from ordered, synchronized to disordered dynamics in directed networks of oscillators. The analysis reveals where in the space of networks this transition occurs and its underlying mechanisms. If disordered, the dynamics of the units is precisely determined by the topology of the network and thus characteristic for it. We develop a method to predict the disordered dynamics from topology. The results suggest a new route towards understanding how the precise dynamics of the units of a directed network may encode information about its topology.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, Europhysics Letters, accepte

Next generation sequencing reveals the complete plastome sequence of newly discovered cliff-dwelling Sonchus boulosii (Asteraceae: Cichorieae) in Morocco

The complete chloroplast genome sequences of newly discovered cliff-dwelling species of Sonchus, S. boulosii, were reported in this study. The S. boulosii plastome was 152,016 bp long, with the large single copy (LSC) region of 83,988 bp, the small single copy (SSC) region of 18,566 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 24,731 bp. The plastome contained 130 genes, including 88 protein-coding, six ribosomal RNA, and 36 transfer RNA genes. The overall GC content was 31.2%. Phylogenetic analysis of 12 representative plastomes within the order Cichorieae suggests that S. boulosii is closely related to S. oleraceus.National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2016R1D1A2B03934596

Book reviews

Obra ressenyada: Carmen MELLADO; Patricia BUJÁN; Claudia HERRERO; Nely IGLESIAS; Ana MANSILLA: La fraseografía del S. XXI. Nuevas propuestas para el español y el alemán. Berlin, Frank & Timme, 2010

Skötselns roll för ett samspel mellan trygghet och biologisk mångfald i samhällsnära naturreservat : en fallstudie på Öresundsparken i Lomma kommun

Biologisk mångfald har stor betydelse för våra ekosystem och ekosystemtjänster, och bör finnas i åtanke vid utformning av naturreservat och andra grönområden. Men att enbart fokusera på biologisk mångfald i vegetation kan ha negativa konsekvenser för människors trygghet. Då naturen har flera märkbart positiva effekter på människor, så som minskad stress, motverkande demens och ökad fysisk aktivitet, är det väsentligt att utforma naturreservat som inte enbart fokuserar på biologisk mångfald utan även tryggheten för människor. En problematik mellan trygghet och biologisk mångfald i naturreservat har noterats, och i uppsatsen resoneras hur de båda aspekterna kan kombineras i naturreservat och andra grönområden genom skötsel. Syftet med uppsatsen har varit att se om ett samspel mellan trygghet och biologisk mångfald är möjligt i naturreservat, och ändå vara gynnsamma för båda. Genom litteraturstudie, fallstudie, observationer och enkätstudier har frågeställningarna besvarats. Öresundsparken i Lomma kommun har studerats som ett exempel på naturreservat. I Öresundsparken har fallstudie, observationer och enkätstudier utförts för att få svar på hur människor upplever och besöker området. Tydliga mönster har uppmärksammats kring människors vistelse i området, där fler tenderar att vistas i naturreservatet under dagtid samt att fler män än kvinnor vistas ensamma på området. Litteraturen har styrkt kunskapen kring naturens positiva effekter på oss människor, men även att skötseln för att uppnå trygghet respektive en god biologisk mångfald skiljer sig mycket åt. Biologisk mångfald gynnas som mest i naturlig vegetation med extensiv skötsel där växtligheten har stor variation, medan människor tenderar att känna sig mest trygga kring öppen välskött vegetation som har god genomsläpplighet. Genom litteraturstudien har det konstaterats att ett samspel mellan de båda aspekterna till viss del är möjlig. Kunskap kring den växtlighet som finns på plats och hur den kan användas för att minska skötselinsatser är avgörande för att ett samspel mellan trygghet och biologisk mångfald ska vara möjlig.Biodiversity is of great importance for our ecosystems and ecosystem services, and should be in mind when designing nature reserves and other green areas. But focusing solely on biodiversity in vegetation can have negative consequences for people's safety. As nature has several noticeably positive effects on people, such as reduced stress, counteracting dementia and increased physical activity, it is essential to design nature reserves that focus not only on biodiversity but also on the safety of people. A problem between security and biodiversity in nature reserves has been noted, and the thesis discusses how the two aspects can be combined in nature reserves and other green areas through management. The aim of the essay has been to see if an interaction between safety and biodiversity is possible in nature reserves, and still be beneficial for both. Through literature study, case study, observations and questionnaire studies, the questions have been answered. The Öresund Park in Lomma municipality has been studied as an example of a nature reserve. In Öresund Park, case studies, observations and survey studies have been carried out to get answers to how people experience and visit the area. Clear patterns have been noticed regarding people's stay in the area, where more people tend to stay in the nature reserve during the day and that more men than women stay alone in the area. The literature has confirmed the knowledge about the positive effects that nature gives people, but also that the management to achieve safety versus a good biological diversity is very different. Biodiversity is most beneficial in natural vegetation with extensive management where the vegetation has a rich variation, while people tend to feel most secure around open and wellmanaged vegetation that has a good permeability. Through the literature study, it has been established that an interaction between the two aspects is to some extent possible. It can be established that a knowledge of the vegetation on site and how it can be used to reduce maintenance efforts is crucial for an interaction between safety and biodiversity to be possible

Automatic classification of human facial features based on their appearance

[EN] Classification or typology systems used to categorize different human body parts have existed for many years. Nevertheless, there are very few taxonomies of facial features. Ergonomics, forensic anthropology, crime prevention or new human-machine interaction systems and online activities, like e-commerce, e-learning, games, dating or social networks, are fields in which classifications of facial features are useful, for example, to create digital interlocutors that optimize the interactions between human and machines. However, classifying isolated facial features is difficult for human observers. Previous works reported low inter-observer and intra-observer agreement in the evaluation of facial features. This work presents a computer-based procedure to automatically classify facial features based on their global appearance. This procedure deals with the difficulties associated with classifying features using judgements from human observers, and facilitates the development of taxonomies of facial features. Taxonomies obtained through this procedure are presented for eyes, mouths and noses.Fuentes-Hurtado, F.; Diego-Mas, JA.; Naranjo Ornedo, V.; Alcañiz Raya, ML. (2019). Automatic classification of human facial features based on their appearance. PLoS ONE. 14(1):1-20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211314S120141Damasio, A. R. (1985). Prosopagnosia. Trends in Neurosciences, 8, 132-135. doi:10.1016/0166-2236(85)90051-7Bruce, V., & Young, A. (1986). Understanding face recognition. British Journal of Psychology, 77(3), 305-327. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1986.tb02199.xTodorov, A. (2011). Evaluating Faces on Social Dimensions. Social Neuroscience, 54-76. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195316872.003.0004Little, A. C., Burriss, R. P., Jones, B. C., & Roberts, S. C. (2007). 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Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 147, 102-113. doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2016.02.001Buckingham, G., DeBruine, L. M., Little, A. C., Welling, L. L. M., Conway, C. A., Tiddeman, B. P., & Jones, B. C. (2006). Visual adaptation to masculine and feminine faces influences generalized preferences and perceptions of trustworthiness. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27(5), 381-389. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2006.03.001Boberg M, Piippo P, Ollila E. Designing Avatars. DIMEA ‘08 Proc 3rd Int Conf Digit Interact Media Entertain Arts. ACM; 2008; 232–239. doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/1413634.1413679Rojas Q., M., Masip, D., Todorov, A., & Vitria, J. (2011). Automatic Prediction of Facial Trait Judgments: Appearance vs. Structural Models. PLoS ONE, 6(8), e23323. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023323Laurentini, A., & Bottino, A. (2014). Computer analysis of face beauty: A survey. 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Revealing Network Connectivity From Dynamics

We present a method to infer network connectivity from collective dynamics in networks of synchronizing phase oscillators. We study the long-term stationary response to temporally constant driving. For a given driving condition, measuring the phase differences and the collective frequency reveals information about how the oscillators are interconnected. Sufficiently many repetitions for different driving conditions yield the entire network connectivity from measuring the dynamics only. For sparsely connected networks we obtain good predictions of the actual connectivity even for formally under-determined problems.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

From psychotherapist to supervisor

This study is a part of an ongoing research project examining group supervision in psychotherapy. The study was performed in a postgraduate training program for prospective supervisors. The two-year supervisor training program included theory seminars as well as group supervision of the prospective supervisor’s supervision of a trainee who had a patient in psychotherapy. The training program was based on psychoanalytic theory and the psychotherapy conducted was psychoanalytically oriented. Supervisees´ and supervisors´ experiences of the learning process, supervision format in group and supervisor styles were explored in semi-structured interviews. Both supervisees and supervisors emphasized the importance of a specific training program for psychotherapists who intend to work as supervisors. The didactic aspects of supervision were pointed out. The group format was experienced as particularly suitable for this training level. The “super-supervisor’s” style was important as a role model for the supervisors in training

Sequential Desynchronization in Networks of Spiking Neurons with Partial Reset

The response of a neuron to synaptic input strongly depends on whether or not it has just emitted a spike. We propose a neuron model that after spike emission exhibits a partial response to residual input charges and study its collective network dynamics analytically. We uncover a novel desynchronization mechanism that causes a sequential desynchronization transition: In globally coupled neurons an increase in the strength of the partial response induces a sequence of bifurcations from states with large clusters of synchronously firing neurons, through states with smaller clusters to completely asynchronous spiking. We briefly discuss key consequences of this mechanism for more general networks of biophysical neurons