The Effect of Different Agroecological Zones on Body Weight Change, Litter Size, and Profitability of Bligon Goats in Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta

This study aims to identify the differences in agroecological zones on changes in body weight, litter size, and profitability of Bligon goats in Bantul District, Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study involved 56 farmers consisting of 11 farmers in coastal areas (zone IV), 21 farmers in the lowlands (zone IV), and 24 farmers in hilly areas (zones I, II, and III). This study also used 120 does of Bligon goats consisting of 40 goats from each area. The farmers and Bligon goats were selected by purposive sampling technique in different agroecological zones classified based on the slope of the land. The design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the agroecological zones as a treatment factor. This study used a survey method. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively using one-way ANOVA at the 5% level. The results showed that the body weight of Bligon goats from the beginning of kidding to three months or at the weaning period did not have a significant difference, and the litter size was also not significantly different. Profitability analysis using Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C Ratio) and Return on Investment (ROI) showed that farmers in coastal agroecological zones have higher profitability than those in lowland and hilly agroecological zones with a net cash flow of IDR 1,219,000, 00, R/C Ratio of 1.43, and ROI of 44.26. Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that changes in body weight and litter size of Bligon goats in different agroecological zones are the same. Based on the profitability analysis, all farmers in different agroecological zones benefit from raising Bligon goats, but the highest profitability is found in farmers in the coastal agroecological zon

PROFIL PRODUKSI KARKAS SAPI PERANAKAN LIMOUSIN JANTAN DI KOTA MALANG

This research aimed to analyze and evaluate and identify the carcass profile of male limousin crossbreed cows slaughtered at The Slaughterhouse (RPH) Malang city. Three hundred male limousin crossbred cows, which are slaughtered within four months, were selected as study material. The identification of male limousin crossbred cattle based on physical characteristics documented in the RPH antemortem document and direct visual observation on the unique characteristic of brown and blackish-brown colors, horns, and black hooves, and tail hair, and compact body shape. The variables observed in this study included slaughtered age, body weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, carcass components percentage, and carcass quality grade. The results showed that the average age was 34.86±3.04 months, with a mean bodyweight of 532,44±62,47 kg, carcass weight 287,76±45.22 kg, and carcass percentages 54.11±6,16 % with carcass components percentage: meat 82,15±1,56 % and bone 17,85±1,56 %, as well as carcass quality grade at the choice grade, according to the USDA. The carcass production profile of male limousin crossbreed cattle in Malang city slaughterhouse is not optimal according to male limousin cows' genetic potential related to the environment's adaptation process and the feed is given. Therefore, the carcass production profile shows the male limousin crossbreed cattle carcass potential to meet the meat needs, especially for Malang consumers

Tingkat Hubungan Antara Variabel Penduga Bobot Daging (Carcass Cutability) Karkas Segar Sapi Simpo Dan Limpo Jantan* [Correlation Level of Beef Carcass Cutability Prediction Variables in Hot Carcass of Simpo and Limpo Cattle]

Estimation of carcass cutability is an important factor in beef marketing. This research was conducted to observe the relationship among variables of carcass cutability estimation in hot carcass of SimPO (Simmental-Peranakan Ongole) and LimPO (Limousin-Peranakan Ongole) cattle. Eighty three bulls were used, consisted of 51 SimPO and 32 LimPO cattle. The data collected were age, body weight, carcass weight (X1), fat thickness (X2), ribeye area (X3), percentage of visera fat (X4), and carcass cutability. The data were analyzed using Independent Sample T-test, correlation 2-tailed, enter and stepwise regression analysis, and estimation curve. There were no different of age, body weight, X1, X2, X3, X4, and carcass cutability among SimPO and LimPO. There was a positive correlation between X1, X2, X3, X4 and carcass cutability (P<0,05), except to LimPO which had negative correlation for X4. The regression equation and determination coefficient of SimPO and LimPO were Y=-24,726+0,916X1; R2=0,948 and Y=-28,461+0,929X1; R2=0,996, respectively. The result indicated that the best equation for SimPO was a linear equation (R2=0,948), and a quadratik equation (R2=0,996) for LimPO

Carrying Capacity Estimation of Herbicide-Treated and Untreated Palm Oil Plantation for Bali Cows

This study aims to estimate the carrying capacity of oil palm plantations with the use of herbicides based on the forage availability for Bali cows. The research was performed in palm oil plantation owned by PTPN V Riau, from March 2016 until March 2017. The parameters observed were 1) Forage production that grows between palm trees at 6 weeks cutting age. The forage sample was taken from 5 point of 1x1m2, then subjected to proximate analysis. Data were analyzed with one-way random design, 2) Forage consumption; obtained by observation of 5 pregnant Bali cow and 7 non-pregnant for seven consecutive days 3). Estimated carrying capacity for Bali cows, obtained from the calculation of forage production (/ha/year) divided by forage consumption. The result of the research showed that 1). The production of dry matter (DM) forage in herbicide-treated areas was 689.55 kg/ha/year, not significantly different compared to untreated areas (622.33 kg/ha/year). Crude protein (CP) forage content of forage obtained from herbicide-treated area was significantly higher (p<0.05) than untreated area, whereas the total content of DM and total digestible nutrients (TDN) was not significantly different. DM consumption of pregnant Bali cow was on average 3.68±0.29 kg/head/day or 1,343.20±105.85 kg/head/year and non-pregnant 4.02±0.36 kg/head/day or 1,467.30±131.4 kg/head/year. The estimated carrying capacity on herbicide-treated (0.51 head of pregnant cow/ha), did not show any significant difference compared to untreated area (0.46 head/ha). For non-pregnant, the carrying capacity of herbicide-treated area (0.47 head/ha) was not different with non-treated area (0.42 head/ha). It was concluded that the use of herbicide on palm oil plantation had no effect on the carrying capacity of the Bali cow

Weight Changes in Bali Cattle During Lactation at Different Seasons in the Cattle-Oil Palm Production System

The season impacts livestock productivity and cattle kept in grazing production systems in tropical conditions. This research aims to determine the effect of season on the weight changes of Bali cows and calves on oil palm plantations. This research used 20 Bali cattle kept semi-intensively in oil palm plantation areas without feed supplementation in 2016–2018. Cows and calves were weighed at calving and every month until weaning (150 days). Season grouping was based on calving time: dry season (DS) May–October and rainy season (RS) November–April. Data were analyzed by independent T-test statistics using the SPSS 20.0 application. The results of observations showed that cows' body weight decreased gradually until the fourth month of lactation in both seasons. Cows' weight changes were only significantly different in the second month, in which cows at DS were better than RS (P&lt;0.05). The pre-weaning average daily gain (ADG) of calves each month was not significantly different between the two seasons, and they could reach a body weight of 60.60 kg (RS) and 61.47 kg (DS) at weaning. Season differences do not impact weight changes in the Bali cows and calves in the cattle-oil palm plantation production system

Effect of sex on meat quality characteristics of Qinchuan cattle

A total of 18 Qinchuan cattle, six intact males (IM), six castrated males (CM) and six females (FM), were used to investigate the effect of sex on the physicochemical characteristics (PCC) and fatty acid (FA) composition of the Longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM). Obvious sex differences were found in the PCC of LDM: the IM group had higher shear value, pH, drip and cooking losses, and contents of ash and hydroxyproline (Hyp) than the CM and FM groups, as well as lower ether extract content and lightness. Both the IM and CM groups had lower water content and higher protein content than the FM group. Sex differences were also observed in contents of C14:0, C14:1, C18:1, saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) between the IM and both the CM and FM groups but not between the CM and FM groups. The results indicated that sex is an importantsource of differences in meat quality of Qinchuan cattle because the castration and the meat characteristics of the CM group were more similar to the FM than the IM group

Effect of Different Pre-Freezing Time on Quality of Frozen Fat-Tailed Ram Semen

This study aimed to determining the effect of temperature changes on the sperm quality of fat-tailed sheep during the freezing process using a microcontroller. This study was conducted from April to October 2018 at the Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science UGM. The study was used twelve mature ram. The methods were conducted by collecting semen using artificial vagina, semen dilution, freezing semen, thawing and semen quality test. The pre-freezing temperature time were grouped for 6, 9, and 12 minutes. Data of frozen semen quality (motility, viability, and abnormality) the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the study was arranged using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The average of spermatozoa motility after semen freezing with a 5 to -140°C decrease in pre freezing temperature for 12 minutes (50±5.3%) was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to 9 minutes (48±4.8%) and 6 minutes (43±4.8%). The average of spermatozoa viability after semen freezing with a decrease in pre freezing temperature of 5 to -140°C for 12 minutes (55±4.7%) was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to that for 9 minutes (52±3.5%) and 6 minutes (49±5.7%). The average of spermatozoa abnormality after freezing with a decrease in pre freezing temperature of 5 to -140°C for 6, 9, and 12 minutes was not significantly different (10±2.4%, 9±0.8%, and 10±0.9%, respectively). Based on the findings, it is possible to conclude that semen freezing at a lower pre-freezing temperature of 0 to -140°C for 12 minutes can improve the quality of freezing results

Body Weight, Physiological Status and Volatile Fatty Acid on Kacang and Etawah Crossbreed Goat by Reduction and Refeeding of Feed Quantity

The aimed of this study was to observe the effect of feed restriction and refeeding on body weight, physiological status and blood VFA on Kacang and Etawah Crossbreed Goat. Eight male goats consisting of 4 Kacang Goats and 4 Etawah Crossbred goats were used as experiment objects in this study. Both types of goats were subjected to the same treatment (three phases). First was adaptation, feed was given gradualy until reach the intended amount. Secondly, the feed was reduced by giving as much as 1.7% dry matter of body weight for each; thirdly, both goats were fed on ad libitum (refeeding phase). The variables observed were body weight changes, physiological status and blood VFA. The data obtained were analyzed by Various Random Test using Completely Randomized Design (RAL) on 2x2 factorial patterns. Duncan Multiple Range Test was used to test treatments that significantly different. The results showed that the pattern of changes in body weight on both goats breeds were relatively similar. Physiological status (pulse, rectal and respiratory temperature) on both breed of goats were not significantly different. However, decrease in the amount of feed impacted in the decrease in body temperature, pulsus and respiration, although it was still within normal range. The same also happened on blood VFA levels. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that breed differences breed of goat did not affect the physiological condition of goat. Differences in the amount of feed affect the physiological conditions and the performance of goat production