三种湿地植物抗寒性的初步研究

在阶段性降温条件下,研究了三种常用湿地植物黄鸢尾(Iris pseudacorus L.)、花菖蒲(Iris ensata Thunb.)及水芹(Oenabthe javanica)叶片抗寒性相关生理指标(可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性以及细胞质膜相对透性)的变化。结果表明,冷锻炼使湿地植物通过对抗氧化酶活性及渗透性的调节来提高其机体的抗寒性。低温条件下,黄鸢尾的抗氧化酶活性显著增加,5℃时SOD活性是初始值的5.77倍;花菖蒲保持较高的CAT活性,5℃时其CAT活性是黄鸢尾CAT活性的8.95倍,是水芹CAT活性的3.77倍;水芹叶片中脯氨酸含量明显提高,温度和脯氨酸含量呈负相关(R=-0.755,P=0.050)。综合比较各项生理指标可以得到这三种湿地植物的耐寒性大小顺序依次为:黄鸢尾>花菖蒲>水芹

Study on the Prosecution Filed Environmental Public Interest Litigation

随着我国市场经济的不断发展，国家利益和社会公共利益受损害的现象日益严重，我国现行的法律和诉讼制度已经不能很好地进行规制和解决，迫切需要建立一种新型的诉讼机制即公益诉讼制度。研究建立检察机关提起公益诉讼制度，成为近年理论界与实务界关注的一个重要课题。 法律制度是社会经济生活的必然反映，经济的发展带来了更为复杂的社会问题，特别是环境污染等公害问题。我国改革开放以来环境保护事业取得了巨大进步，但是有关环境公益诉讼制度的规定仍然缺失，环境公益得不到有力的保护。现代西方国家普遍建立了检察机关提起的公益诉讼制度。我国检察机关在现有法律缺乏具体规定的情况下，积极探索代表公益提起环境民事诉讼，这一做法遭到了...With the continuous development of market economy in China, the damage phenomenon of national interest and social welfare yet is getting more and more serious. China's current laws and legislative systems have been unable to properly regulate the system. Therefore, our country urgently needs to establish a new legal system. That is, the public interest litigation system to maintain public interest...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_法律硕士(JM)学号：X200612003

随机时延线性系统的IMC-PID设计

基于IMC(内模控制)框架,本文研究了具有随机不确定性时延的FOPDT(一阶时延)对象的最优IAE性能问题及其PID优化设计方法。这是传统的确定性优化方法无法解决的问题。首先,在IMC(内模控制)框架下,借用麦克劳林展开式和一阶泰勒近似,获得了内模控制器及其参数与PID控制器参数之间的关系式。从概率角度出发,通过求解实现IAE性能均值最优化的内模控制器及其参数,并利用上述关系,得到了相应的最优PID控制器参数整定规则,减少了传统参数整定方法的保守性。随机时延参数FOPDT对象的仿真,验证了本文所提出方法的有效性,并且表明:对于随机时延的FOPDT对象,与传统最优IAE PID整定方法如Murrill等(1967)、Smith等(1997)以及Madhuranthakam等(2008)方法相比,本文所整定PID控制器具有更好的IAE性能。福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2012J01288

An Improved Fuzzy Connected Image Segmentation Method Base on CUDA

已有的模糊连接并行算法CUDA-k FOE未考虑线程块边缘点同时更新所引发的竞争问题,导致计算结果出现少量误差.由于医学图像处理对精度的要求很高,为了解决边缘点计算误差的问题,基于CUDA-k FOE提出一种修正迭代算法.首先分析了CUDA-k FOE算法在线程块边缘产生竞争的原因;然后讨论了边缘点亲和力的所有可能的传递路径,以及由此造成的出错情况;最后提出二次迭代修正算法,将第一次迭代得到的所有边缘点转入第二次的修正迭代步骤,从而修正第一次迭代中错误的亲和力值.采用3组不同规格的CT序列对肝脏血管进行分割实验,并选用3个不同的种子点进行算法验证,结果表明,文中算法的计算结果与串行版本一致,解决了CUDA-k FOE算法的计算误差问题.A paralleled CUDA version of k FOE(CUDA-k FOE)was proposed to segment medical images. CUDA-k FOE achieves fast segmentation when processing large image datasets. However, it cannot precisely handle the competition of edge points when update operations happen by multiple threads simultaneously, thus an iterative correction method to improve CUDA-k FOE was proposed. By analyzing all the pathways of marginal voxels affinity and their consequently caused results, a two iteration correction scheme is employed to achieve the accurate calculation. In these two iterations, the resulted marginal voxels from the first iteration are used as the correction input of the second iteration, therefore, the values of affinity are corrected in the second iteration. Experiments are conducted on three CT image sequences of liver vessels with small, medium, and large size. By choosing three different seed points, final results are not only comparable to the sequential implementation of fuzzy connected image segmentation algorithm on CPU, but achieve more precise calculation compared with CUDA-k FOE.国家自然科学基金(61001144;61102137;61301010;61327001

台湾“去中国化”之文化类属变因分析

自唐朝起,就有汉人往来大陆和台湾进行贸易活动,历经明郑、清朝、日据时代和二战后四个时期,台湾的汉人数量不断增长。在一个以汉人为人口主体成分的台湾发生"去中国化"现象,这需要从文..

面向多声源的压缩感知麦克风阵列的波达方向估计

在语音识别、说话人识别等语音交互应用领域中,麦克风阵列常常工作于多声源工作场景,因而需要更高的波达方向(DOA)估计分辨性能.压缩感知(CS)的DOA估计算法可将声源定位的问题转化成稀疏信号的重构问题,进而提高在高混响、低信噪比环境下的DOA估计性能.基于这一思想,将CS方法应用于多声源方位估计.考虑到传统的基于CS的DOA估计算法利用实测声源传输响应作为混合矩阵时,会因噪声的存在而导致多声源条件下的匹配程度下降,提出了利用基于阵列各阵元之间时延关系所生成的不同方位的声源传输响应来构造CS混合矩阵,即构造房间冲激响应CS(CRR-CS)的DOA估计算法,从而实现多声源的DOA稀疏恢复.通过实验验证了该方法优于传统方法,能更好地实现定位.福建省高校产学合作项目(2015H6019);;福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAS170012

红光结合血卟啉单甲醚光动力疗法治疗微静脉畸形的实验研究

目的:通过鸡冠动物模型了解红光结合光敏剂血卟啉单甲醚(hematoporphyrin monomethylether,HMME)在光动力疗法治疗微静脉畸形中的治疗效果和适宜治疗参数。方法:48只鸡随机分组,处理组分别注射不同剂量的HMME后,半导体激光(红光)或氩离子泵浦染料激光不同能量密度分组照射,照射后肉眼和光镜下观察比较组织损伤程度并测量损伤深度。结果:红光结合HMME照射能引起鸡冠颜色变白、血管数量减少等形态学改变。HMME10mg/kg、15mg/kg剂量组中,在相同功率密度时,红光高能量密度照射组(240J/cm2)所造成损伤深度(分别为1.2225±0.8457mm,2.2800±1.3665mm)均显著大于氩离子泵浦染料激光不同能量密度的各照射组(P<0.05)。适宜治疗参数为HMME剂量10mg/kg,红光能量密度120-240J/cm2。结论:红光结合HMME光动力疗法有可能对增厚或结节型微静脉畸形实现更佳的治疗效果

630nm和514.5nm两种波长激光束对人体胃、肺癌细胞株的HpD光敏化光剂量的研究

本工作使用630nm和514.5nm两种波长激光束对不同分化程度的人胃、肺癌细胞株进行HpD光敏化光剂量的比较研究。实验数据显示,514.5nm波长光对体外培养单层癌细胞的光敏杀伤力是630nm光的2—3倍。分析结果还表明,分化程度越低的癌细胞受光敏化的效率越高

A Study on Liver Damage Induced by Photodynamic Therapy

目的　研究光动力作用对活体肝组织的损伤 ,探讨光动力治疗肝癌的可行性 ,为临床治疗提供实验依据。方法　动物实验 :将小鼠分成光动力疗法 (PDT)组、单血卟啉衍生物 (HpD)组、激光组和空白对照组。光敏药物选用血卟啉衍生物 ,给药量每公斤体重 10mg ,药物用 1ml生理盐水稀释 ,于实验前 48h将药物注射入PDT组和HpD组小鼠腹腔内 ,避光饲养。将PDT组和激光组小鼠固定于实验板上。麻醉后 ,剖腹暴露右肝前叶 ,激光直接投照于肝脏表面 ,光斑直径 5mm ,照射 2min。激光器为氩离子泵浦染料激光器系统 ,光波长 6 30nm ,输出功率 10 0mW ,每一照射区能量累积约 6 0J ,照光后关腹 ,回笼饲养观察。于照光后 1、2 4、72、12 0h处死各组小鼠 ,剖腹取肝组织置于 4%福尔马林液中固定 ,常规石蜡包埋切片 ,HE染色 ,光镜观察。临床治疗 :经病理确诊的肝癌患者 ,于治疗前 48h做皮肤划痕试验 ,阴性者按每公斤体重 5mg静脉给药。治疗时 ,在B超引导下 ,用 18G肝穿针经皮穿刺 ,将石英光纤导入肝肿瘤内。激光波长 6 30nm ,输出功率 35 0mW ,每一照射点能量累积2 2 0J。治疗 1个月后行二期切除术。标本用 4%福尔马林固定 ,常规石蜡包埋切片 ,HE染色 ,光镜观察。结果　动物实验光镜观察结果显示 :PDT组于照光后 2 4h出现照光区肝细Objective To investigate the liver damage induced by photodynamic therapy(PDT) and provide an experimental basis for PDT treatment for liver cancers. Methods 96 normal mice were divided into 4 groups: PDT group, laser group, HpD group and control group. The photosensitizer used in this study was hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD), diluted in 5% glucose and injected into the peritoneal cavity at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight 48 h before light irradiation. The mice were kept from sunlight exposure. After anesthesia the abdomen was opened and the right front lobe of the liver was exposed. An argon laser pumped dye laser system was used. The liver surface was directly irradiated by the 630 nm laser beam at a power of 100 mW for 2 minutes. The spot size was 5 mm in diameter and the energy density was 60 J/cm 2. The mice were killed at 1, 24, 72 and 120 hours after laser irradiation, respectively. Samples were embedded in paraffin and HE stained sections were examined underlight microscope. Besides, a 46-years old male patient with liver cancer was also included in this study. He received HpD in a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight, i.v. injected 48 h prior to laser irradiation. Ultrasound-guided liver puncture was performed and optical fibers were inserted into and evenly distributed in the tumor. The 630 nm laser irradiation was carried out at a power of 350 mW, energy density of 250 J/cm 2 per each spot. The patient was operated one month later and specimens were taken for histopathological examination. Results Animal experiment: Large necrotic areas were observed in livers of mice 24 hours after PDT. There was a clear demarcation between irradiated and non-irradiated areas observed by both gross and microscopic examination. Fibrous proliferation was seen in the surrounding tissues 120 hours after PDT. Swelling of hepatocytes was observed at 1 h after laser irradiation alone, but returned to normal at 72 h after irradiation. No damage to hepatocytes was observed in livers of both HpD alone and control groups. Clinical case: Wide-spread necrotic areas were present in the PDT irradiated tumor tissue. Normal hepatocytes were observed in the non-irradiated surrounding tissue. There were numerous lymphocytes and macrophages infiltrating in the surrounding areas. Conclusions Selective and sharply demarcated photodamage to liver tissue can be induced by selective laser irradiation after HpD administration. It is suggested that photodamage to surrounding normal tissues can be avoided by carefully controlled laser irradiation during photodynamic therapy of liver cancers.福建省“95”重点科技项

Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous PDT For Advanced Liver Cancer A Report of 30 Cases

为探讨治疗中晚期肝癌的理想方法，扩大和发展光动力疗法，自1994年6月起，我们应用光动力疗法（PdT）治疗中晚期肝癌30例，其中肝细胞癌28例、腺癌2例。肿瘤直径7~10CM的13例、10CM以上至16CM的17例。伴肺转移5例、骨转移5例、门静脉或腔静脉浸润4例。首次治疗19例、其他方法治疗无效或复发者11例。本研究采用氩激光泵浦染料激光器系统，获得630nM波长的连续波治疗光。光敏剂选用血卟啉衍生物（HPd）。治疗时通过b超引导经皮肝穿，将光纤导入肿瘤组织中布点照射。治疗后未见肝功能明显损伤，未出现肝穿出血、腹膜炎等严重并发症，没有一个月内病情恶化者。有14例患者只作一次治疗，其中5例出院后失访；另9例肿瘤部分缓解率为22%。16例患者接受二、三次治疗，肿瘤部分缓解率达到62%。随访病例中有8例已存活1年以上。patients with advanced liver cancer were treated by interstitial photodynamic therapy (PDT).These included 28 hepatocellular carcinoma and two adenocarcinoma, 19 primary tumors and 11 recurred Following other treatments.The diameter of tumors were 7 10 cm in 13 cases and 10 16 cm in 17 cases.In this study, an argon laser pumped dye laser system was used to give a CW laser beam at 630 nm which was split and coupled into three optical Fibers.The patients received injection of photosensitizer of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) i.v.at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight 48 h prior to laser irradiation.Then the Fibers were inserted into tumor by ultrasonic visualization guided percutaneous liver puncture.The inserted irradiation points were spaced in entire tumor volume and the tumor was irradiated with a light output power of 300 mW For 12 minuts per point.Totally 52 treatments were perFormed in 30 patients.Among them, 14 cases were treated by only one time and 16 cases 2 or 3 times.The Follow up were carried out in 25 cases For 3 18 months.The results show that signiFicant remission was 22% (2/9) in those patients by only one treatment and 62% (10/16) in those by 2 or 3 treatments.The reduction rate of tumor size was over 90% in Five out of six cases aFter 3 treatments.8 patients have been surviving over one year.No obvious change was Found in all patients examined by liver Function test, renal Function test and blood routine examination.The level of AFP depicted a descending tendency aFter PDT.Our Findings indicate that PDT is eFFective and saFe For the treatment of large liver cancers including those recurred Following hepatic resection and those Failed in hepatic artery inFusion embolic chemotherapy.福建省“八五”攻关资