A Study on the Path of Perfecting the Openness of government Information from the Perspective of Administrative System Reform -A Case Study of Local Taxation Bureau of Fujian Province

《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》（以下简称《条例》）施行8年来，包括福建省地税局在内的我国各级政府部门紧紧围绕中央行政体制改革工作部署，在各领域全面推进信息公开，强化政府平台渠道，取得了一定成效。笔者在组织和实施福建省地税系统政府信息公开中，切身感觉感受到相关理论实践日益得到政府重视、学术界关切以及民众参与，但是毋庸讳言，目前我国的政府信息公开无论是理论和实践也确实存在不少制度方面、法律方面以及利益冲突方面问题，并且随着我国的各项改革深入开展，有些问题还越来越突出。 笔者在负责福建省地税局政府信息公开中发现，我省地税系统同样不同程度地面临以上问题，同时税务系统由于掌握着大量税收经济数据，并...The People's Republic of China Regulations on Information Disclosure (the "Regulations") for eight years, the government departments at all levels focus on public concern, promote information disclosure in key areas, strengthen institutional mechanisms and platform construction, and continuously enhance the effectiveness of government information disclosure, improve Government credibility, and ach...学位：公共管理硕士院系专业：公共事务学院_公共管理硕士学号：1392013115036

Determination of Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds Residue in Resin Crafts by Gas Chromatography

建立了树脂工艺品中半挥发性有机物(SVOCS)的超声萃取–气相色谱检测方法。对超声萃取条件进行了研究,优化了气相色谱参数。结果表明,样品用三氯甲烷在60℃下超声萃取40 MIn,选择HP–5色谱柱时,气相色谱(fId)测定半挥发物总量时可获得良好的灵敏度和准确的定量结果。方法的相对标准偏差小于5%(n=6),检测限为2 Mg/kg。4个含量水平样品的6个实验室3次平行测定结果表明,实验室内测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.61%~2.94%,实验室间测定结果的相对标准偏差为5.96%~8.35%。A method was developed for determination of the semi-volatile organic compounds(SVOC) in resin craft by ultrasonic extraction–gas chromatography(GC).The ultrasonic extraction conditions were investigated and GC parameters were optimized.Test results showed that good sensitivity and accurate quantitative performances were achieved by GC–FID when the samples were ultrasonic–extracted with chloroform for 40 min at 60℃ and HP–5 capillary was used.The relative standard deviations(RSDs,n=6) of actual samples were all less than 5% and the detection limit was 2 mg/kg.RSDs of the determination results for 4 content levels were 1.61%–2.94% by datas from a lab, and 5.96%–8.35% by datas from different labs, which were calculated according to the test results of 3 replicates by 6 labs.国家质检总局科技计划项目(2012IK124

Advances in Research of Microbial Degradation of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons-Benzo( a) pyrene

多环芳烃( PAHs)是一类广泛分布于海洋环境中的含有两个以上苯环的有机化学污染物. 苯并[ a ]芘(BaP)是一种由5个苯环组成的分布广泛、致癌性极强的多环芳烃化合物,人们将其作为多环芳烃的指示物,通过研究其在环境中的产生、迁移、转化、降解及毒理作用来判断多环芳烃的污染情况. BaP已成为国内外环境监测的重要指标之一. 本文综述了不同环境中BaP的来源与分布,BaP在环境中的行为,微生物对BaP的代谢途径,以及微生物降解BaP的相关限制因子,并结合作者在这方面研究的部分工作与目前国际研究的热点,提出值得进一步探究的有关问题.国家自然科学基金资助项目(No. 40576054,40476047, 40206015,30530150

高分子量多环芳烃——苯并[a]芘的生物降解研究进展

多环芳烃(PAHs)是一类广泛分布于海洋环境中的含有两个以上苯环的有机化学污染物.苯并[a]芘(BaP)是一种由5个苯环组成的分布广泛、致癌性极强的多环芳烃化合物,人们将其作为多环芳烃的指示物,通过研究其在环境中的产生、迁移、转化、降解及毒理作用来判断多环芳烃的污染情况.BaP已成为国内外环境监测的重要指标之一.本文综述了不同环境中BaP的来源与分布,BaP在环境中的行为,微生物对BaP的代谢途径,以及微生物降解BaP的相关限制因子,并结合作者在这方面研究的部分工作与目前国际研究的热点,提出值得进一步探究的有关问题.图4表3参5

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of the sporadic cases with hepatitis E infection in the rural area in Jiangsu province

目的了解江苏省农村散发性戊型肝炎的流行病学特征。方法通过建立覆盖市、镇、村三级医疗卫生服务机构的疑似肝炎主动监测网络,系统全面地监测戊型肝炎病例的发病情况。结果主动监测网络的敏感性明显高于网络报告系统,能更加准确、全面地掌握戊肝的发病规律。结果显示戊型肝炎病例占疑似急性肝炎病例的26.7%,男性戊肝发病率高于女性(P<0.01);发病随着年龄增长而上升,多见35岁以上人群;全年均有发病,冬春季节较高;戊型肝炎病毒株HEV1、4型并存,但以HEV4型为主(92.5%)。结论疑似肝炎主动监测系统数据显示目前戊肝发病率有被低估的风险。To understand the epidemiological characteristics of the sporadic cases with hepatitis E infection in the rural area of Jiangsu province,the prevalence of hepatitis E infection was surveyed systemically and completely through the initiatively monitoring system for the suspected cases of hepatitis E covering the city,town and village levels of medical and health service organizations.It was found that the initiatively monitoring system for suspected hepatitis E cases reflected the incidence of hepatitis E more accurately and comprehensively and was proved to be more sensitive than the network reporting system.The cases with hepatitis E accounted to 26.7% of the suspected cases with acute hepatitis and they were more frequent in male than in female.The incidence of hepatitis E increased with advance of age and most of cases occurred with age over 35.Estimated incidence was stable on the whole year,but rose up in winter and spring.The HEV type 1 and type 4 co-existed,but the HEV type 4 was proved to be the main type(92.5%).From the above observations,it seems that the initiatively monitoring system for the suspected cases of hepatitis E may be under-estimated for the risk of the hepatitis E infection in rural area of Jiangsu province.国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2006AA02A209)资

3D-printed integrative probeheads for magnetic resonance

射频探头前端作为核磁共振设备的核心部件之一，极大程度的决定着系统实验性能的优劣。探头前端通常由射频线圈、射频电路及样品检测管道等部分组成。现有的射频线圈制作技术主要是通过手工或机械手段按照所需的线圈形状进行绕制。但是，当线圈结构较为复杂、不规则，或体积尺寸较小时，常规绕制方法便难以满足结构设计和制造的精度需求，因此造成线圈性能的劣化，增大检测区域的射频场不均匀性，对核磁共振检测产生负面影响。本研究中，利用3D打印熔融沉积制造或光敏树脂选择性固化技术精确加工出一体化磁共振探头前端，使用常温液态金属填充线圈模型管路形成射频线圈，搭建出稳定的一体化磁共振射频探头。利用高精度3D打印和液态金属灌注技术制备出包含有射频线圈和定制化样品管道结构在内的一体化磁共振射频探头前端，克服了传统磁共振三维微型线圈成型困难、与样品腔匹配程度差等问题，提高了探头的信噪比，为定制化的磁共振检测提供了新思路。 该工作由厦门大学电子科学与技术学院陈忠教授、游学秋副研究员和孙惠军高级工程师共同指导完成，博士研究生谢君尧为论文第一作者。厦门大学电子科学与技术学院黄玉清高级工程师、王忻昌副教授、倪祖荣助理教授、硕士研究生张德超，化学化工学院杨朝勇教授、博士研究生李星锐，萨本栋微米纳米科学技术研究院陈宏教授为合作作者。【Abstract】Magnetic resonance (MR) technology has been widely employed in scientific research, clinical diagnosis and geological survey. However, the fabrication of MR radio frequency probeheads still face difficulties in integration, customization and miniaturization. Here, we utilized 3D printing and liquid metal filling techniques to fabricate integrative radio frequency probeheads for MR experiments. The 3D-printed probehead with micrometer precision generally consists of liquid metal coils, customized sample chambers and radio frequency circuit interfaces. We screened different 3D printing materials and optimized the liquid metals by incorporating metal microparticles. The 3D-printed probeheads are capable of performing both routine and nonconventional MR experiments, including in situ electrochemical analysis, in situ reaction monitoring with continues-flow paramagnetic particles and ions separation, and small-sample MR imaging. Due to the flexibility and accuracy of 3D printing techniques, we can accurately obtain complicated coil geometries at the micrometer scale, shortening the fabrication timescale and extending the application scenarios.The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants U1632274, 11761141010, U1805261, 11475142, 22073078, and 61801411), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622075).研究工作得到国家自然科学基金、中国博士后科学基金等项目支持

Reaction thermodynamics of carbon nanospheres prepared by CaC2-CHCl3 system

利用CaC2-CHCl3体系反应合成纳米碳球,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对产物的物相、形貌和显微结构进行分析。对该体系进行吉布斯自由能和反应热效应计算,结合实验结果,研究采用无机化学反应法制备微纳米碳球的中间态成碳机理。结果表明:从理论上证实CaC2-CHCl3体系热解产物可能为石墨、金刚石和C3原子气;标准状态(298 K)下CaC2-CHCl3体系的吉布斯自由能、反应热效应和绝热温度分别为?1 847.5 kJ/mol、?1 945.5 kJ/mol和6 184 K;C3原子气是低温反应条件下无机碳源制备纳米碳球的中间态碳源前驱体。用CaC2-CHCl3体系可制备最大直径200~300 nm左右的碳球。Carbon nanospheres were prepared via CaC2-CHCl3 system,and the phase,morphology and microstructure of the pyrolytic products were detected by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscope（SEM）.Gibbs free energies and reaction thermodynamics of the system were theoretically calculated.Combining with experimental analysis,the mechanism for intermediate state carbon formation of carbon nanospheres by inorganic chemical reaction technology was studied.The results show that the pyrolytic products of CaC2-CHCl3 system are probably graphite,diamond and C3 atom gas.The Gibbs free energies,the reactive thermal effect and the adiabatic temperature of CaC2-CHCl3 system are-1 847.5 kJ/mol,-1 945.5 kJ/mol and 6 184 K,respectively.C3 atom gas is the intermediate carbon precursor of carbon nanospheres under the low temperature reaction and inorganic carbon source.Carbon nanospheres with maximum diameter of 200-300nm can be synthesized via CaC2-CHCl3 system.广西大学有色金属及材料加工新技术教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(GXKFJ-18);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2006CB600901);广西科学基金资助项目(桂青科0991015);广西教育厅项目(200808MS083

Fabrication and microstructure of carbon encapsulated iron nanoparticles via a low-temperature pyrolysis route

以二茂铁为碳源和铁源在100 mL不锈钢高压釜中经520℃直接热解制备碳包裹纳米铁。研究不同反应物量对热解产物的影响,并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对热解产物的物相、形貌和结构进行分析。结果表明:二茂铁520℃热解碳产物以无定形炭和Fe3C相为主。当二茂铁的量为1 g时,热解产物是蜂窝状的多孔炭,热解产物的碳产率为0.18 g,无碳包裹纳米铁生成。当二茂铁量分别为2 g、3 g和4 g时,其形貌呈弯曲、螺旋状以及颗粒状等,热解产物中碳包裹纳米铁分别为0.38 g、0.62 g和0.95 g。With ferrocene as a carbon source and an iron source,carbon encapsulated iron nanoparticles were synthesized in a 100 mL stainless steel autoclave.Effects of different reactants on the pyrolysis products were studied.X-ray diffractometer（XRD） and scanning electron microscope（SEM） were used to analyze the phases,morphology and microstucture of the pyrolysis products.The results showed that the yields of ferrocene pyrolysis at 520 ℃ were composed of amorphous carbon and Fe3C phase.With the content of 1g ferrocene the pyrolysis product was a beehive-like porous carbon without carbon nanotubes,and the yield of carbon was 0.18 g.When the contents of ferrocene were 2 g,3 g and 4 g,the morphologies were curve,spiral and granular,and the yields of carbon encapsulated iron nanoparticles were 0.38 g,0.62 g and 0.95 g,respectively.广西科学基金资助项目(桂青科0991015);广西大学有色金属及材料加工新技术教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(GXKFJ-18);广西教育厅项目(200808MS083);广西民族大学科研基金资助项目(2008QD020

新型胺膦钌配合物均相催化官能团烯烃的氢化

等摩尔的ＲｕＣｌ２（ＤＭＳＯ）４和Ｐ２Ｎ２Ｈ４｛Ｐ２Ｎ２Ｈ４＝Ｎ，Ｎ＇－双［邻－（二本基膦）苯甲基］乙二胺｝在四氢呋喃中回流反应，高产率地合成了新型胺膦钌配合物ＲｕＣｌ２（Ｐ２Ｎ２Ｈ４）。进行了元素分析和谱学表征。在温度４０～１００℃和氢压３。～５．０ＭＰａ下，该配合物是均相催化α，β－不饱和酸、芳香醛、糖醛和环已酮选择氢化的有效催化剂。研究了添加促进剂ＮＨ４ＰＦ６、ＡｇＮＯ３和Ｅｔ３Ｎ等对氢化反应的效应，讨论了氢化反应的机理

Synthesis of Aminophosphine Ruthenium Complexes and Their Use in Hydrogen TransFer Hydrogenation

合成了两个新的胺膦钌配合物TrAnS-ruCl2（P2n2ME）和TrAnS-ruCl2（P2n2H4ME）.进行了元素分析、Ir、nMr等谱学或X射线衍射分析.它们均具有六配位八面体构型.在碱性介质中，以异丙醇为溶剂，两个配合物可作为有效的催化剂实现苯乙酮的氢转移还原.讨论了催化氢化机理.Interaction of RuCl2(DMSO)4 with one equivalent of N,Nbis[o(diphenylphosphino)benzylidene]1,2propanediamine[P2N2Me] or N,Nbis[o(diphenylphosphino)benzyl]1,2propanediamine[P2N2H4Me] in reFluxing toluene gave transRuCl2(P2N2Me) and transRuCl2(P2N2H4Me) in moderate yield, respectively.The complexes have been Fully characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods.The structure of transRuCl2(P2N2Me) has been established by an Xray diFFraction study and the result indicates a distortedoctahedral conFiguration.The complexes were Found to be an eFFective catalyst For hydrogen transFer hydrogenation of acetophenone.The catalytical cycle mechanism is also discussed.国家自然科学基金;中国石油化学工业总公司石油化工科学院资