Spatiotemporal dynamics of coastal ecosystem services using GIS and InVEST: a case study in the Longhai City

本文选取地处海西城市群的漳州龙海市为研究区,基于联合国千年评估提出的生态系统服务框架,借助gIS技术、In VEST模型和经济价值模型评估方法,评估龙海近30 A(1986~2010)生态系统服务价值时空动态变化。结果表明:从1986至2010年,龙海生态系统服务价值整体呈降低趋势,尤其在南溪河口区、卓岐镇海区、海门岛及漳州开发区更为明显;龙海研究区域内生态系统服务价值存在明显空间差异性,单位面积生态系统服务价值较高为卓岐镇海区、漳州开发区、隆教湾、海门岛,人类干扰强度最大的龙海市中心为最低;龙海生态系统服务价值中养分调节、污染处理与控制及休闲娱乐价值明显高于其他服务价值,且七个分区生态系统服务主导功能存在明显差异,南溪河口区、海门岛、漳州开发区和紫泥岛有红树林的存在,红树林提供的气候调节和维持空气质量服务价值及防洪防潮稳定岸线服务价值较高。本研究可为龙海市海岸带空间规划和管理提供参考。This article uses GIS technology,In VEST model and economic valuation models as the assessment methods to assess the value and the spatial distribution of coastal ecosystem services in Longhai coastal city over the past 30years( 1986 ~ 1996) based on The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment framework proposed by the UN.The results reveal that the overall value of ecosystem services in Longhai City decreased between 1986 and 1996,especially in Nanxi Estuary,Zhuoqi Town district,Haimen Island,and zhangzhou development zone.The value of services provided by seven coastal zones in Longhai City varies spatially with Zhuoqi Town,Haimen Island,and Longjiao Estuary providing the much higher valuable ecosystem services value whereas Longhai City Center provides the least valuable ecosystem service value.Due to the presence of mangroves in Nanxi Estuary,Haimen Island,Zhangzhou Development Zone and Zini Island; the value of the ecosystem services provided by the mangroves are relatively higher in these areas.of all the ecosystem services,Pollution treatment and control service,recreational and nutrient retention services have been revealed to be more valuable than other ecosystem services.This paper will potentially serve as a reference document to land managers for Longhai coastal spatial planning and management.福建省海岛与海岸带管理技术研究重点实验室开放基金(FJKL-C&IMTS2013021;FJKL-C&IMTS201302

Analysis of the Main Imapct Factors on Soil Erosion in Island City——An Example of Pingtan Island, Fujian Province

为研究海岛型城市建设发展过程中的水土流失状况,将地理信息系统（GIS）与通用土壤流失方程（USLE）相结合,以福建省典型海岛——平潭岛作为研究区域,运用GIS建立平潭岛研究区的基础地理数据库,利用ArcGIS的栅格数据空间分析功能,对1990年与2013年的土壤侵蚀量进行了估算和分析。结果表明：平潭岛1990年平均土壤侵蚀模数为1 674.64t/（km^2·a）,2013年平均土壤侵蚀模数为735t/（km^2·a）,均属于轻度侵蚀。微度侵蚀从1990年的72.38%增加到2013年的79.31%。而在轻度侵蚀、中度侵蚀、强度侵蚀、极强度侵蚀和剧烈侵蚀方面均有所下降。1990年、2013年均是强度以上侵蚀区域对土壤侵蚀量的贡献最大。土地利用变化、降雨量和坡度变化对土壤侵蚀的作用显著。该研究可为平潭岛的经济开发建设、土地合理利用,以及为其他典型海岛在城市化进程中提出最佳的水土保持管理措施提供参考。In order to illuminate the status of soil and water loss in the process of development and utilization of urban land, the Pingtan Island, a typical island in Southeast China, was selected as the study site. The soil erosion of Pingtan Island in 1990 and 2013 was evaluated by using geography information system （GIS） and Universal Soil Loss Equation （USLE）, land use and soil erosion maps of the study area were generated based on the factors such as rainfall, vegetation, soil and topography. The results showed that annual average soil erosion amounts in 1990 and 2013 were 1 674.64 t/（km^2 · a） and 735 t/（km^2· a）, respectively, both of which were in the category of light degree erosion; from 1990 to 2013, the proportion of light degree erosion increased from 72. 38% to 79.31%, while all the proportions of other degrees declined. The most contribution to the erosion was in the intensity erosion area or more severe ones in 1990 and 2013. Land use change, the rainfall and slope gradients significantly affected soil erosion. The results could provide evidence for the economic development and construction, rational land use of Pingtan Island, and make the best management practices of soil and water conservation in the process of urbanization for other typical islands.国家科技支撑计划项目“强度侵蚀区退化生态系统修复关键技术的研发与集成”（2014BAD15B02

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies