Ecological relationship between biofuel-producing crops, microalgae and the corresponding microorganisms

随着近年来传统化石燃料消耗所引发的能源短缺危机及全球气候变暖等环境问题的不断加剧，世界各国都在关注并积极开展有关可再生清洁能源的开发与利用研究。其中，在边际土地种植柳枝稷、芒草、杨树及柳树等多年生纤维素类非粮食作物（第二代生物能源物质）和水体中培养产油微藻（第三代生物能源物质），作为生物乙醇及生物柴油的原材料，由于能避免“与人争粮”及“与粮争地”的矛盾，而引起广泛关注。本研究第一部分通过研究美国能源部“五大湖生物能源研究中心”(GLBRC)边际土地上能源作物与土壤微生物的相互关系，我们可以从微生物的角度来探讨在边际土地种植能源作物的可持续性，从而为能源作物种植提供理论依据。由于微藻利用过程中，...Along with the intensified energy shortage crisis and deteriorated environmental issue, which derive from the huge consumption of traditional fossil fuels, worldwide researchers have shown great interest and concern on renewable clean energy development and utilization. Thereinto, perennial cellulosic non-food crops grown in marginal land, such as Miscanthus, switchgrass, poplar and willow (the se...学位：理学博士院系专业：生命科学学院_水生生物学学号：2162012015378

生物质焦油衍生氮掺杂多孔碳负载Co_3O_4纳米晶的制备及双功能氧反应催化

以生物质焦油活化多级孔碳为骨架,通过一步水热合成同时实现氮掺杂和Co_3O_4纳米粒子负载,获得Co_3O_4@N/C复合催化剂。对比研究结果表明,凭借复合材料中活性Co_3O_4和N掺杂结构之间的协同效应, Co_3O_4@N/C复合催化剂对氧还原(ORR)和析氧反应(OER)均表现出较高的催化活性,ORR和OER启动电位电势差ΔE为0.99V;其中,ORR极限扩散电流密度为-5.10mA/cm~2,与贵金属Pt/C相当。此外,Co_3O_4@N/C具有优异的氧还原稳定性,在经3000次循环伏安法扫描后,Co_3O_4@N/C的极限扩散电流密度仍能保持89.9%。这一生物质焦油衍生碳所构筑的N掺杂多孔碳负载Co_3O_4纳米晶复合材料在燃料电池和金属空气电池等领域具有巨大的应用潜力

Underway Measurement of Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity in the Taiwan Straits in August, 1999

利用1999年8月台湾海峡的调查资料中走航式温盐仪的资料,对该海区的表层温盐分布进行分析?分析结果表明:调查期间在该海区存在多处上升流和冲淡水?台湾海峡调查海区的上升流区大致可分为两类:(1)海峡西部沿岸上升流区:平潭上升流区?东山上升流区和南澳上升流区;(2)台湾浅滩附近的上升流区?冲淡水主要有九龙江冲淡水?珠江冲淡水和闽江冲淡水,此外还有粤东沿岸水?The distributional features of temperature and salinity in the Taiwan Straits have been analysed based on the data in August ,1999. The characteristics of temperature and salinity are summarized as follows: There are several upwellings and diluted water in the Taiwan Straits. The upwellings are divided into two kinds: those along the western coast of the Taiwan Straits and those around the Taiwan Shoal. There are three kinds of diluted water: diluted water of the Jiulong River, diluted water of the Zhujiang River and diluted water of the Minjiang River.福建省科技项目(98-Z-179);; 国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号:49636220

Sectional Features of Density in the Taiwan Strait During August, 1999

1999年 8月厦门大学和福建海洋研究所利用“延平 2号”调查船在台湾海峡中西部进行了大面综合调查 ,获得了 2 2个站位的 CTD资料 .对其中 4个断面的现场条件密度分布图进行了分析 ,从中可得出 :1)广东南澳 ,福建东山、平潭一带上升流现象明显 ;2 )在海峡南部的 NW- SE向断面中部有一股低密 (σstp<2 1)水体自南向北扩展并且逐渐变性 ,宽度和厚度逐渐变小 ,密度逐渐增大 ,密度梯度逐渐减小We analyzed four sectional distributions of density in the Taiwan Strait during August, 1999. The results show that there were three upwelling zones located near Nan ao, Dongshan and Pingtan during the investigation period. There was a current with low density ( σ stp <21) going into the Taiwan Strait from the Northern South China Sea through the middle of the sections. The low density water changed its characters as it flowed northeastward. The width and the depth of the current got smaller while the density became higher with lower density gradient.国家自然科学基金重点项目!( 4 96362 2 0 );; 福建省科技资助项目!( 98- Z- 179

Analysis on Temperature, Salinity and Density in the Southern Taiwan Strait in August, 1999

利用 1999年 8月份的 CTD资料 ,对台湾海峡南部温、盐、密度进行了分析 .分析结果表明 :1)粤东及闽南沿岸的上升流在调查期间较为明显 ,上升流的低温中心位于南澳岛以南区域 ;2 )台湾浅滩东侧在调查期间也存在上升流 ;3)在南澳与台湾浅滩之间海域 ,存在一个来自西南方向的高温、低盐、低密水舌 ,显示此区域受来自粤东沿岸水的影响 .水平方向 ,粤东沿岸水与表层离岸的低温高盐水逐渐混合 ;垂直方向 ,粤东沿岸水影响范围可达 2 0～ 30 m层By using the CTD data investigated in the cruise of August. 1999, temperature, salinity and density in the southern Taiwan Strait were analyzed, and the results indicate that: 1) there is one obvious upwelling along the coasts of eastern Guangdong and southern Fujian, with the low temperature centered to the south of the Nan Ao island; 2) there is another upwelling to the east of Taiwan Shoal; 3) there exists a tongue like current coming from the southwest, i.e. the coast of eastern Guangdong. It has higher temperature, lower salinity and lower density than those in its surroundings. As far as the inshore water of eastern Guangdong, in the horizontal direction, it merges the low temperature, high salinity offshore current gradually; in the vertical direction, it can affect down to 20~30m layer.国家自然科学基金重点项目!( 4 96362 2 0 );; 福建省科技资助项目!( 98- Z- 179

Er离子在Inp、GaAs和Si中的1.54μm特征发光峰

分别在InP、GaAs和Si中以7×10＜′14＞和1×10＜′15＞cm＜′－2＞的剂量进行Er离子注入, 并采用闭管、快速和炉退火等热处理。低温光致发光（PL）、反射式高等电子衍射和卢瑟福背散射实验研究表明, 上述样品中Er＜′3＋＞离子特征发光的中心波长均出现在1．5μm处, 其中InP的发光峰最强, 而注入损伤的恢复是影响Er＜′3＋＞发光的重要因素之一。卢瑟福背散射分析进一步证实退火后Er原子在Si中向表面迁移, 而在InP中的外扩散较小, 并比较了Er在InP和Si晶格中的占位情况。图7参1

Expertadvice on the diagnosis and intervention of Chinese developmental dyslexia

发展性阅读障碍是一种以儿童阅读能力显著落后于年龄和智力应有水平为主的障碍，属于具有遗传基础的神经发育性障碍。目前国内对发展性阅读障碍的评估、诊断与干预多出现在科研场合，临床诊疗和教育性质的应用明显不足。专家意见采用专家书面反馈意见和视频会议讨论的形式，以发展性阅读障碍的病因学基础为指导，对发展性阅读障碍的临床表现、诊断流程及干预原则等形成统一意见，旨在为相关专业领域医师和康复专业人员提供参考和帮助，亦为开展对发展性阅读障碍的教育性干预活动提供参考。</p

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel