Research on the Characteristic and Status of Macau's Higher Education

以高等教育基本理论为指导，围绕澳门高等教育发展主题，论文着重对澳门高等教育的特色与地位作具体的历史考察和深入的理论分析，并对澳门高等教育的下一步发展提出建议。澳门高等教育在中华传统文化与葡萄牙拉丁文化双重影响下产生与发展，本身具有作为特殊案例研究的价值。开展对澳门高等教育的研究，可以增进人们对澳门的认识和了解，推动中西文化交流史的研究，推动澳门与中国内地在高等教育方面的交流与合作，并为中国内地区域高等教育发展提供借鉴。 论文首先考察了澳门高等教育发展的历史与现状，然后从历史与现实的角度，论文创新性地总结出澳门高等教育的办学特色，并分析了高等教育在推动澳门经济发展与协调、推进澳门政治稳定与完善...Guided by the basic theory of higher education with the theme of the development of Macau’s higher education, this thesis focuses on the historical expedition and theory analysis of the characteristic and status of Macau’s higher education, and also offers suggestion on the further development of Macau’s higher education. Produced and developing under the double influence of both Chinese and Portu...学位：教育学硕士院系专业：教育研究院_高等教育学学号：X200528001

简论高校扩招对当前成人高等教育发展的影响

从1999 年开始的政府高校扩招政策, 对成人高等教育发展的影响广泛而深远。适应高等教育大众化 背景下的高校扩招政策, 将对成人高等教育发展及其质量保障起到重要的作用

Study on Perfect the Regulations and Disciplines of Public Schools from Administrative Perspective

公办学校的校纪校规是学校对学生进行自主管理的依据。近些年来，频繁出现的一些有关学校管理的法律纠纷，大多是由校纪校规的缺陷所致，学生的合法权益因此频频受到侵犯，这不能不促使我们对校纪校规进行理性的审视。本文试图从确立公办学校的行政法地位入手，深入探讨公办学校校纪校规的法律属性、缺陷之所在、导致问题的原因以及完善的路径等问题，旨在从行政法视角对公办学校校纪校规制定与实施过程中的问题与规范措施进行思考。 全文共分三章。 第一章主要是对公办学校及其制定的校纪校规的基础分析。这是在行政法视野下研究校纪校规的完善必须明确的先决问题。第一节是对公办学校的内涵进行界定。首先通过对比民办学校来分析公办学校的...The school regulations and disciplines, is the basis of school independent management to the student. Recently, some school administrative disputes frequently appear, mostly are the results of the flaws of school regulations, therefore students’ legitimate rights and interests receive the infringements repeatedly. Naturally, this situation has urged us to rationally carry on legal examining on the...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_法律硕士(JM)学号：X200512006

从法律视角看大学官僚化——基于台湾与大陆高校的比较

大学官僚化是大陆高校出现的新现象,其表征可以概括为管理行政化、行政职权化和教学科研人员边缘化。机构浮胀、学术弱化、官僚腐败则是大学官僚化的产物。台湾的大学解决大学中官员充斥和非教学科研人员臃肿的问题,与其依靠有效的实体法《大学法》来规范高等学校行为有着内在的联系。从法学的角度看,用具有实体法性质的大学法来规范高校管理队伍和管理行为,应该有利于根治大陆大学官僚化现象

Theoretical Model to Compute Specific Area of Activated Carbon

在分析比较各种吸附理论的基础上,介绍5种可用于计算活性炭比表面积的吸附等温方程式,并实际计算6种不同类型活性炭的比表面积.结果表明:不同吸附等温式之间的差异在16%以内.Adsorption isothem equations which are suited to calculate the specific area of activated carbon are recommended based on the analysis and the comparison of various adsorptive theoriesThe specific areas of six activated carbons of different types are computerd by beans of five adsorption isothem equations separatelyThe results showed that the maximum deviation within 16% among calculation values of six carbons in terms of five different adsorptive models国家自然科学基金资助项目(30271057)

急性缺血性卒中患者行阿替普酶静脉溶栓治疗住院期间脑出血预测模型研究 Study on Predictive Model of Cerebral Hemorrhage during Hospitalization in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated with rt-PA Intravenous Thrombolysis

目的 基于机器学习算法对急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke，AIS）或TIA患者行rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗住院期间脑出血的发生情况进行预测，并探索影响rt-PA溶栓治疗后脑出血发生的危险因素。 方法 纳入中国卒中中心联盟（Chinese Stroke Center Alliance，CSCA）2016年1月—2020年12月登记的被初步诊断为AIS或TIA且接受rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗的患者74 654例，平均年龄为（65.55±12.14）岁，其中，男性患者48 493例（64.96%），住院期间发生脑出血患者2038例（2.73%）。将数据按年份划分为训练集和测试集，即2016—2019年登记患者划分为训练集，2020年登记患者划分为测试集，采用原型选择下采样技术对训练集数据正负样本进行77∶100平衡处理，构建了逻辑回归、极致梯度提升（extreme gradient boosting，XGBoost）、随机森林、梯度提升决策树（gradient boosting decision tree，GBDT）和分类梯度提升（categorical boosting，CatBoost）共5个模型对脑出血结局进行预测，并使用AUC、灵敏度、特异度、Brier评分等指标对模型预测效果进行评价和比较，采用SHAP图对机器学习模型筛选出的特征进行可解释性分析。 结果 XGBoost、GBDT、CatBoost、逻辑回归和随机森林模型的AUC值分别为0.770（95%CI 0.745～0.774）、0.766（95%CI 0.753～0.786）、0.765（95%CI 0.752～0.766）、0.758（95%CI 0.747～0.761）和0.757（95%CI 0.739～0.759），灵敏度分别为0.624（95%CI 0.574～0.672）、0.606（95%CI 0.555～0.655）、0.570（95%CI 0.519～0.620）、0.557（95%CI 0.506～0.607）和0.585（95%CI 0.534～0.635），特异度分别为0.780（95%CI 0.773～0.786）、0.785（95%CI 0.778～0.791）、0.790（95%CI 0.783～0.796）、0.805（95%CI 0.799～0.811）和0.769（95%CI 0.762～0.776），Brier评分分别为0.157、0.154、0.156、0.160和0.161分。通过SHAP图解释结果发现，住院NIHSS评分高、年龄大、空腹血糖水平高、既往心房颤动病史、血小板计数低、发病距溶栓治疗时间窗长、BMI低、就诊时NIHSS评分高等特征为rt-PA溶栓治疗住院期间发生脑出血的危险因素。 结论 基于机器学习构建的预测模型对行rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗的AIS患者住院期间脑出血的发生具有一定预测效果，本研究对未来机器学习技术在脑出血预测领域的应用有一定探索价值。 Abstract: Objective To predict the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or TIA undergoing intravenous thrombolytic therapy with rt-PA based on machine learning algorithm, and explore the risk factors affecting the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage after rt-PA thrombolytic therapy. Methods A total of 74 654 patients who were initially diagnosed as AIS or TIA and received rt-PA intravenous thrombolytic therapy were enrolled in the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance (CSCA) from January 2016 to December 2020, with an average age of (65.55±12.14) years. Among them, 48 493 were male patients, accounting for 64.96%, and 2038 were cerebral hemorrhage patients during hospitalization, accounting for 2.73%. The data is divided into training sets and test sets by year, that is, the registered patients in 2016—2019 are divided into training sets, and the registered patients in 2020 are divided into test sets. The positive and negative samples of the training set data are 77∶100 balanced using the prototype selection down-sampling technology, and the logistic regression, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest, gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) and categorical boosting (CatBoost) are five models to predict the outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage, and use AUC, sensitivity, specificity, Brier score and other indicators to evaluate and compare the prediction effect of the model, and use SHAP chart to analyze the interpretability of the features screened by the machine learning model. Results The AUC values of XGBoost, GBDT, CatBoost, logistic regression and random forest were 0.770 (95%CI 0.745-0.774), 0.766 (95%CI 0.753-0.786), 0.765 (95%CI 0.752-0.766), 0.758 (95%CI 0.747-0.761) and 0.757 (95%CI 0.739-0.759) respectively, the sensitivity was 0.624 (95%CI 0.574-0.672), 0.606 (95%CI 0.555-0.655), 0.570 (95%CI 0.519-0.620), 0.557 (95%CI 0.506-0.607) and 0.585 (95%CI 0.534-0.635) respectively, the specificity was 0.780 (95%CI 0.773-0.786), 0.785 (95%CI 0.778-0.791), 0.790 (95%CI 0.783-0.796), 0.805 (95%CI 0.799-0.811) and 0.769 (95%CI 0.762-0.776) respectively, and the Brier score was 0.157, 0.154, 0.156, 0.160 and 0.161 respectively. Through the SHAP diagram, we found that the characteristics of high NIHSS score, old age, high fasting blood glucose level, history of atrial fibrillation, low platelet count, long time window between onset and thrombolytic therapy, low BMI, and high NIHSS score at the time of visit were risk factors affecting the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage during the hospitalization of rt-PA thrombolytic therapy. Conclusions The prediction model based on machine learning can predict the occurrence of intracerebral hemorrhage in AIS patients undergoing rt-PA thrombolytic therapy during hospitalization. This study has certain exploration value for the application of machine learning technology in the field of intracerebral hemorrhage prediction in the future

一种用于催化湿式氧化处理工业废水的铜基催化剂及其制备方法

一种用于催化湿式氧化处理工业废水的铜基催化剂的制备及应用。催化剂的主要成分为铜、锌、镍、镁、铝、铬、铁和一部分稀土金属的氧化物，其中以氧化物的含量来计算：CuO为20－55％；ZnO、NiO或MgO为20－55％；Cr2O3、Al2O3或Fe2O3为10－40％；稀土金属氧化物为0－10％。该催化剂由含有各种金属的盐共沉淀得到类水滑石结构的催化剂前驱体，并焙烧所得。该催化剂能有效处理含酚、磺基水杨酸、H－酸和表面活性剂等有毒难降解的工业有机废水，不仅有较高的催化活性，并且活性组分的流失得到了控制，其中铜离子的流失文献报道相比较降低一个数量级以上。带填

Based on Optical Properties of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in the Monitoring of Coastal Eutrophication

富营养化是河口港湾一个重要的生态环境问题。传统的富营养化监测与评价需要依靠费时费力的人工采样、实验室分析测定,周期较长,难以实现现场实时快速监测; 与评价。本文依据2009年2月、5月、8月和10~11月在厦门湾海域的有色溶解有机物(CDOM)与主要环境要素的调查资料,探讨了利用CDOM的光; 学性质反演COD,TN,TP等富营养化参数的可行性。结果表明:(1)厦门湾表层水体CDOM存在明显的空间和季节性变化,九龙江河口区的丰度最高;(; 2)陆源输入及浮游植物的现场生产是水体中CDOM的主要来源,因此可建立利用盐度和叶绿素a浓度估算厦门湾CDOM丰度的经验算法,该经验算法的相关系; 数达0.96,经验算法估算值与实测CDOM之间的相对误差为11.1%0.71%,精度较高;(3)厦门湾各个季节COD,TN,TP与CDOM吸收系; 数、荧光组分之间有很好的相关性,总体表现春夏较高、秋季次之、冬季最差;(4)结合上述研究成果,利用厦门湾已建立的水质自动监测系统实时获取的盐度、; 叶绿素a以及经验公式推导出的CDOM荧光资料,有望克服COD,TN和TP等富营养化指标只能通过人工采样和实验室分析获取的缺点;实现对海域富营养化; 程度的快速监测与评价。Eutrophication is an important ecological environment problem in estuary and coastal area. The traditional monitoring technology for eutrophication is laborious and time-consuming, so it is difficult to realize the real-time and on-site monitoring and then rapid evaluate the eutrophication degree. Based on the investigation of chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM) and other environmental parameters in Xiamen Bay in February, May, August and from October to November 2009, the feasibility of using CDOM optical properties to retrieve eutrophication parameters (COD, TN and TP) in coastal environment was evaluated. CDOM showed large spatial and seasonal changes in Xiamen Bay, with the highest CDOM abundance occurring in the Jiulong River Estuary. The terrestrial input and phytoplankton production were the main sources of CDOM in Xiamen Bay. The empirical formula to estimate the CDOM abundance in seawater was then established by using the salinity and chlorophyll-a data. The correlation coefficient of this empirical formula was 0.96 and the relative errors between fitted values and measured values for CDOM of different survey stations were (11. 1% 0.71%. There were high correlations between CDOM absorption coefficient and fluorescence components with chemical oxygen demand(COD), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus (TP) in all seasons, with the highest correlations in spring and summer, and the lowest in winter. Combined with the above results, instead of the data including COD, TN and TP got only through manual samplings and laboratory analysis, the data of salinity and chlorophyll a could be provided by water quality automatic monitoring system and CDOM data got by above empirical formula, so it is possible to realize the rapid monitoring and evaluation for the degree of coastal eutrophication by using in situ buoy system with CDOM sensor.国家自然科学基金项目（41276064,U1305231）; 国家海洋局西太平洋海洋环境监测预警体系建设专项项目（SOA201303）资

表面能对冰晶形貌的影响

本工作从介科学概念出发,提出了表面能对冰晶生长形貌调控的科学假设。通过在水中添加不同添加剂(蔗糖、氯化钠、表面活性剂SDS),改变水溶液的表面张力,利用激光共聚焦显微镜原位实验装置开展了冰晶生长动力学研究。结果表明,在相同过冷度条件下,随溶液表面张力降低,冰晶形貌由具有对称性的枝状变为无序的海藻晶,这种变化在不同溶液中得到验证。研究发现,溶液表面张力较低,导致冰在溶液中生长阻力增大,冰晶生长速度降低。在较高的生长速率条件下,冰晶生长表面失稳,晶面各向异性生长,生成有序枝晶结构;在较低的生长速率条件下,生长表面被添加物分子覆盖,晶面各向异性消失,生成无序枝晶结构。以上结果验证了过冷度和表面能对材料结构生长过程的调控作用,为材料介科学的发展提供了实验依据