Long-term Follow-up Results of 70 Liver Cancer Cases Received Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous PDT

目的　分析光动力治疗肝癌的临床表现和远期疗效 ,探讨疗效影响因素和治疗适应证 ,为临床推广应用提供参考数据。方法　肝癌患者 70例 ,其中小肝癌 2例 ,大肝癌 6 8例。均经B超、CT定位 ,甲胎蛋白 (AFP)定量 ,病理组织学确诊。治疗前 48h ,患者行血卟啉衍生物 (HpD)皮试 ,阴性者按每公斤体重 5mg静脉给药。治疗时 ,在B超引导下 ,用 18G肝穿针经皮穿刺将石英光纤引导入肝肿瘤内进行光辐照。激光器为氩离子激光泵浦染料激光器系统 ,激光波长 6 30nm ,光纤末端为 1cm长柱状弥散头 ,输出功率 30 0～ 35 0mW ,每一照射点能量累积约 2 2 0J,肿瘤内实行多点照射。治疗后 1周 ,检查血常规、肝功能、AFP及B超 ,一个月后 ,行肝穿活检。多次治疗间歇时间为 1个月。结果　 70例肝癌行 170次治疗 ,其中接受 1次治疗 30例 ,多次治疗 40例。 1次治疗组 1年生存率 10 % ,无生存 2年者 ;2次治疗组 1年生存率 5 0 % ,2年以上生存率 8% ;3次以上治疗组 1年生存率 82 % ,2年生存率 5 0 % ,3年生存率 32 % ,其中 3例存活5年以上。全组只有 18%的患者出现治疗后短期内一过性ALT、AST轻度升高 (<5 0U)和TBIL轻度升高 ,余未见明显异常。随访患者 1～ 5年 ,未见肝功能远期受损。病人接受治疗后 ,只有 17%出现低热 3～ 4天 ,30 %的Objective To investigate the long-term follow-up results of ultrasound-guided percutaneous PDT for liver cancer and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this technique. Methods 70 patients with liver cancers, including 2 small tumors and 68 large tumors, were examined by ultrasound, CT, AFP assay, and diagnosed by histopatholopy of needle biopsy. The patients received injection of hematoporphyrin derivative(HPD) i.v. in a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight 48 h prior to laser irradiation. An argon laser pumped dye laser system was used to give a CW laser beam at 630 nm. The light beam was split and coupled into three optical fibers. An ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver puncture was performed and optical fibers were inserted into the tumors via 18G needles. Efforts were made to ensure that irradiation points were distributed in entire tumor volume and a light output of 300～350 mW for 12 minutes per point was used. The patients were examined with routine blood test, liver functions, AFP assay and USG at one week after treatment. A month later they were reexamined by needle biopsy and received next PDT treatment. Results Total 170 treatments were performed in the 70 patients. Among them 30 cases were treated for only once, 12 cases twice, 12 cases 3 times, and 16 cases 4 times or more. All 70 cases were followed up for 1-5 years. The results showed that multiple treatment is more effective than single treatment. The 1-, 2-and 3-years survival rate was 10%, 0, 0 in the group by single treatment, respectively, 50%, 8% and 8% in the group treated twice, and 82%, 50% and 30% in the group treated by 3 or more time, respectively. Three patients from the last group have already been surviving for longer than 5 years. Slight increase of ALT, AST and total bilirubin occurred in only 18%, and mild fever occurred in 17% of the 70 cases for 3-4 days shortly after PDT treatment. No severe complications due to PDT such as severe hemorrhage after liver puncture, hepatic failure, biliary peritonitis or long-lasting liver dysfunctions were observed in our group. Conclusions Photodynamic therapy is effective and safe for the treatment of liver cancers including those following hepatic resection or those failed after embolic chemotherapy by hepatic artery infusion. However, we would suggest that single PDT treatment is not enough and repeated PDT treatments are recommended in order to obtain a significant therapeutic effect to patients with large liver cancers.福建省“95”重点科技项

Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous PDT For Advanced Liver Cancer A Report of 30 Cases

为探讨治疗中晚期肝癌的理想方法，扩大和发展光动力疗法，自1994年6月起，我们应用光动力疗法（PdT）治疗中晚期肝癌30例，其中肝细胞癌28例、腺癌2例。肿瘤直径7~10CM的13例、10CM以上至16CM的17例。伴肺转移5例、骨转移5例、门静脉或腔静脉浸润4例。首次治疗19例、其他方法治疗无效或复发者11例。本研究采用氩激光泵浦染料激光器系统，获得630nM波长的连续波治疗光。光敏剂选用血卟啉衍生物（HPd）。治疗时通过b超引导经皮肝穿，将光纤导入肿瘤组织中布点照射。治疗后未见肝功能明显损伤，未出现肝穿出血、腹膜炎等严重并发症，没有一个月内病情恶化者。有14例患者只作一次治疗，其中5例出院后失访；另9例肿瘤部分缓解率为22%。16例患者接受二、三次治疗，肿瘤部分缓解率达到62%。随访病例中有8例已存活1年以上。patients with advanced liver cancer were treated by interstitial photodynamic therapy (PDT).These included 28 hepatocellular carcinoma and two adenocarcinoma, 19 primary tumors and 11 recurred Following other treatments.The diameter of tumors were 7 10 cm in 13 cases and 10 16 cm in 17 cases.In this study, an argon laser pumped dye laser system was used to give a CW laser beam at 630 nm which was split and coupled into three optical Fibers.The patients received injection of photosensitizer of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) i.v.at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight 48 h prior to laser irradiation.Then the Fibers were inserted into tumor by ultrasonic visualization guided percutaneous liver puncture.The inserted irradiation points were spaced in entire tumor volume and the tumor was irradiated with a light output power of 300 mW For 12 minuts per point.Totally 52 treatments were perFormed in 30 patients.Among them, 14 cases were treated by only one time and 16 cases 2 or 3 times.The Follow up were carried out in 25 cases For 3 18 months.The results show that signiFicant remission was 22% (2/9) in those patients by only one treatment and 62% (10/16) in those by 2 or 3 treatments.The reduction rate of tumor size was over 90% in Five out of six cases aFter 3 treatments.8 patients have been surviving over one year.No obvious change was Found in all patients examined by liver Function test, renal Function test and blood routine examination.The level of AFP depicted a descending tendency aFter PDT.Our Findings indicate that PDT is eFFective and saFe For the treatment of large liver cancers including those recurred Following hepatic resection and those Failed in hepatic artery inFusion embolic chemotherapy.福建省“八五”攻关资

3D-printed integrative probeheads for magnetic resonance

射频探头前端作为核磁共振设备的核心部件之一，极大程度的决定着系统实验性能的优劣。探头前端通常由射频线圈、射频电路及样品检测管道等部分组成。现有的射频线圈制作技术主要是通过手工或机械手段按照所需的线圈形状进行绕制。但是，当线圈结构较为复杂、不规则，或体积尺寸较小时，常规绕制方法便难以满足结构设计和制造的精度需求，因此造成线圈性能的劣化，增大检测区域的射频场不均匀性，对核磁共振检测产生负面影响。本研究中，利用3D打印熔融沉积制造或光敏树脂选择性固化技术精确加工出一体化磁共振探头前端，使用常温液态金属填充线圈模型管路形成射频线圈，搭建出稳定的一体化磁共振射频探头。利用高精度3D打印和液态金属灌注技术制备出包含有射频线圈和定制化样品管道结构在内的一体化磁共振射频探头前端，克服了传统磁共振三维微型线圈成型困难、与样品腔匹配程度差等问题，提高了探头的信噪比，为定制化的磁共振检测提供了新思路。 该工作由厦门大学电子科学与技术学院陈忠教授、游学秋副研究员和孙惠军高级工程师共同指导完成，博士研究生谢君尧为论文第一作者。厦门大学电子科学与技术学院黄玉清高级工程师、王忻昌副教授、倪祖荣助理教授、硕士研究生张德超，化学化工学院杨朝勇教授、博士研究生李星锐，萨本栋微米纳米科学技术研究院陈宏教授为合作作者。【Abstract】Magnetic resonance (MR) technology has been widely employed in scientific research, clinical diagnosis and geological survey. However, the fabrication of MR radio frequency probeheads still face difficulties in integration, customization and miniaturization. Here, we utilized 3D printing and liquid metal filling techniques to fabricate integrative radio frequency probeheads for MR experiments. The 3D-printed probehead with micrometer precision generally consists of liquid metal coils, customized sample chambers and radio frequency circuit interfaces. We screened different 3D printing materials and optimized the liquid metals by incorporating metal microparticles. The 3D-printed probeheads are capable of performing both routine and nonconventional MR experiments, including in situ electrochemical analysis, in situ reaction monitoring with continues-flow paramagnetic particles and ions separation, and small-sample MR imaging. Due to the flexibility and accuracy of 3D printing techniques, we can accurately obtain complicated coil geometries at the micrometer scale, shortening the fabrication timescale and extending the application scenarios.The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants U1632274, 11761141010, U1805261, 11475142, 22073078, and 61801411), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622075).研究工作得到国家自然科学基金、中国博士后科学基金等项目支持

SEDIMENTARY DIATOM RECORDS ON EXCURSION OF KUROSHIO CURRENT IN OKINAWA TROUGH SINCE LAST GLACIATION

文中描述冲绳海槽中段 2个柱样沉积物中优势硅藻种相对含量 ,热带远洋种相对含量和硅藻组合的分布特征 ;讨论地层的划分和对比、冲绳海槽末次冰期鼎盛期的古黑潮流、全新世黑潮流游移等科学问题。结果表明 ,冲绳海槽末次冰期鼎盛期的古黑潮流在现今 10 0 0m等深线之间流过 ,当时的黑潮流宽度应小于 5 0km ;16ka—11kaB .P .随着海面上升 ,黑潮流越过西侧 10 0 0m等深线 ,向东海陆架偏移 ;全新世黑潮流分别在大约 7ka—8kaB .P .1ka— 4kaB .P .出现过两次黑潮流宽度变窄、强度变弱的游移In the paper,the distributive characteristics are described on the relative content of dominant diatom species, the relative content of tropical pelagic species and the diatom assemblages in two sedimentary cores in the central section of Okinawa Trough; and then some scientific problems are discussed on the stratigraphic subdivision and correlation, the ancient Kuroshio Current in Last Glaciation maximum and the excursion of Kuroshio Current during Holocene Epoch in Okinawa Trough. The results show that the ancient Kuroshio Current runs through Okinawa Trough between the present 1 000m isobaths with a width of the Current of less than 50km at the maximum of Last Glaciation. Following the sea level rising during 16 ka—11ka B.P., the Kuroshio Current passes through the 1 000m isobaths of the west side and excurses toward the continental shelf of the East China Sea. The Kuroshio Current in Holocene shows two excursions of narrower width and weaker strength in about 7 ka—8 ka B.P. and 1ka—4 ka B.P..国家自然科学基金 (No .499760 19)资助课

Late Quaternary diatom biostratigraphic subdivision and correlation in Okinawa Trough

本文对冲绳海槽中段B孔岩芯中的沉积硅藻进行了分析,共鉴定出52属166种和变种.根据硅藻属种组成、热带远洋种的相对含量以及整个硅藻植物群的变化特征共划分出9个组合带,并对它们的特征进行了描述;结合14C测年数据,对该岩芯的地层年代归属进行了确定,全新世与晚更新世的界线位于该孔125cm处,上部地层为全新统,下部地层为上更新统;同时与邻近DGKS9603钻孔的硅藻生物地层进行了对比.Sedimentary diatoms of Core B located in the middle sectionof Okinawa Trough are studied. 166 diatom species and varieties belonging to 52 genus are identified, 9 assemblage zones are subdivided and their characteristics are described based on the diatoms species composition, the relative contents of the pelagic species and the varation of whole diatoms flora. The age of the sediments inCore B is confirmed by the ~(14)C dating and the boundary of Holocene and Pleistocenecan be put at 125cm in depth of the core. The correlation of sedimentary diatom biostratigraphy with the Core DGKF9603 is also studied.国家自然科学基金资助项目(49976019);; 海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室基金资助项目(MASEG200301)项

二维B<sub>3<-sub>N<sub>4<-sub>纳米材料的剥离方法、分散剂、分散方法及其应用

一种二维B3N4纳米材料的剥离方法、分散剂、分散方法及其应用。所述氮化硼分散剂包括能够通过物理作用与氮化硼结合而使氮化硼稳定分散于分散介质内的聚苯胺类导电高分子。本发明利用成本低廉的聚苯胺类导电高分子作为氮化硼分散剂，并将该分散剂与氮化硼在分散介质中简单混合，通过两者之间的物理相互作用，即可大幅提升氮化硼，特别是氮化硼二维纳米材料在分散介质中的分散度及分散稳定性；而且籍由所述聚苯胺类导电高分子，还可以通过简单的液相剥离方法获得氮化硼纳米片，其无损于氮化硼的物理结构和化学性能；另外本发明中应用于氮化硼分散或氮化硼纳米片剥离的分散介质可以循环使用，能够降低成本、减少有机物排放，利于规模化实施

色适应和色对比的几个问题

一、概说人对自然界色彩感受变化的微妙之处早已为人们注意到。以红为例,艺术大师们有许多描述不同景色中红的感觉的词句,如:“万绿丛中一点红”,“映日荷花别样红”和“日出江花红胜火”等等。在这几种情景中看到的红和脱离自然背景单纯看同一个红的感

Implementation of Fuzzy Self-tuning Proportional Integral Derivative Controller on Sample-tube Spin Control System in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer

在核磁共振(nMr)实验中,样品旋转能够有效消除Xy方向磁场的部分不均匀性,从而提高信号分辨率。在商用nMr谱仪中,一般采用PId算法进行待测样品的旋转控制。由于被控对象具有一定的非线性,存在着调节时间较长,稳定后存在误差等缺点。针对该现象,在VArIAn 500 MHz波谱仪气路系统的基础上,设计一套新的控制电路,在控制方法上引入了模糊PId控制,经过多次实验调试、优化处理,定制了适用于nMr谱仪气控系统的模糊参数隶属函数和模糊规则,设计出一种模糊自适应PId控制算法。结果表明,本系统较原系统稳定时间缩短了约30 S。在相同的实验环境下采样,本系统得到半高宽均值为1.27 Hz,信噪比为2293,优于VArIAn气控系统采样所得的结果,增强了旋转控制的鲁棒性,加快了响应速度和稳定速度,具有较高的应用价值。In commercial nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectrometer,a PID controller is generally used to regulate the rotation of samples.There are some faults such as long adjustment time,steady-state error because of the nonlinear character of the object.To improve system performance,a new pneumatic controller system was proposed by using self-tuning fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative(PID) controller to replace the original pneumatic system based on PID.The adjustment time of proposed controller is about 30 s shorter than that of Varian.The result of the experiment under the same environment shows that the half-height width after applying the proposed controller is 1.272 better than 1.396 of Varian and S/N is 2293.114 better than 2245.48 of Varian.The experiment result shows that the proposed controller is robust,quicker response and has great value for application and research.国家科技支撑计划(No.2006BAK03A22);国家博士后基金(No.20090460750)资