Synthesis and Molecular Modeling Chiral Model Compounds - Amino Acid Methyl Ester 5'-Phosphoramidates of Nucleoside

生物分子的手性均一是怎么产生的？在生命体中，蛋白质都是由L型氨基酸和甘氨酸（无光学活性）构成，RNA、DNA聚合物全部是由D型核糖构成。自从巴斯德发现了生物分子的光学活性之后，这个问题就一直困扰着科学家，至今仍然是个未解之迷。我们实验小组在以前的实验中发现了核苷-5'-N-磷酰化氨基酸甲酯化合物的核苷碱基以顺式构象存在。由此，我们推测核苷对L型氨基酸的选择是由于氨基酸与核苷上碱基弱相互作用，因此本文首先合成一系列的核苷-5'-N-磷酰化氨基酸甲酯化合物，试图观察核苷上碱基与氨基酸甲酯的NOE，并建立一个手性模型，进行分子模拟，计算相对生成焓。首先利用Abuzov反应的原理，一锅法合成核苷-5'...How life biomolecular homochirality emerged? In living organisms, proteins are built of L-amino acids and glycine (no optical activity); polymers of DNA and RNA are associated with D-sugars. The question has intrigued scientists ever since Paster’s discovery of the optical activity of biomolecules. It is still an unresolved puzzle. We found that the base on amino acid methyl ester 5'-phosphoramida...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_有机化学学号：20032504

Study on the stability of glucosamine sulfate prepared by spray drying

目的硫酸氨基葡萄糖喷雾干燥后稳定性试验。方法采用喷雾干燥法制得微囊化硫酸氨基葡萄糖,以产品得率、流动性、玻璃转化温度和贮藏稳定性为指标,考察不同配料的不同添加量对产品稳定性的影响。结果分别添加0.5%、1.0%、2.0%、3.0%和5.0%的环糊精、明胶、共聚维酮能有效地改善硫酸氨基葡萄糖的喷雾干燥粉末得率、粉末流动性,提高产品的贮藏稳定性和玻璃化转变温度结论环糊精、明胶、共聚维酮能有效提高硫酸氨基葡萄糖的稳定性。Objective To study the stability of glucosamine sulfate prepared by spray drying.Methods The microcapsules of glucosamine sulfate were produced by spray drying,and the effects of different adjuvants on the indices of the microcapsules,such as the yield,fluidity,glass transition temperature and store stability were compared.Results and conclusion The yield,fluidity,glass transition temperature and stability of glucosamine sulfate could be greatly improved by adding 0.5%,1.0%,2.0%,3.0% and 5.0% cyclodextrin,gelatin and copvidone.福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(No.U0750010

对“生命在于运动”的反思——探讨健身锻炼的科学性

运动使人拥有健康 ,但现实生活中 ,因为运动所造成的身体伤害 ,甚至致残、致死也屡屡发生 ,我们不得不对“生命在于运动”进行反思。本文从运动中的潜在危险和科学锻炼的方法方面 ,阐述了只有科学运动才能使体育锻炼真正达到健身的目的

美国女性学学科机制化发展过程及其启示

美国女性学学科建设机制化过程经历了以机构建设、人才培养、课程建设三个相互促进的发展阶段。这三者的结合使得美国女性学已经成为高等教育中的一个新的学术增长点。美国女性学的发展过程既具有学科内在的逻辑性与规律性,也与特定国家的社会历史条件密切关联。这一认识对于我国女性学发展具有启发作用

Advances for the Ruthenium Complexes-Based Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Oxalates to Ethylene Glycol

草酸酯加氢是重要的有机化学反应,在工业制乙二醇生产中有着重要的应用.对钌金属配合物均相催化反应的研究进行了综述.以催化反应体系为焦点,探讨了多种; 因素如温度、氢气压力、催化剂浓度、反应时间、添加剂等对底物转化率以及产物选择性的影响,并讨论了催化反应机理,其中金属-配体协同促进的H_2分子异; 裂,进而完成对底物分子中酯基依次加氢的反应机理是探讨的重点,这为新型催化剂的设计和应用提供参考.Hydrogenation of oxalates is one of the important organic reactions, which has an ultimate use for the industrial production of ethylene glycol. The studies on the ruthenium complexes-based homogeneous catalytic reaction systems are herein summarized. With the focus on the catalytic reaction systems, the important factors with significant influences on the oxalate transformation efficiency as well as the product selectivity are discussed, including temperature, H-2 pressure, catalyst concentration, reaction duration, additives, and so on. The catalytic reaction mechanisms are also discussed in detail, where the mechanism for the H-2-heterolysis promoted under the metal-ligand cooperation for the oxalate hydrogenation to ethylene glycol is enhanced. This study would be useful for designing the new catalyst applicable in industry.National Natural Science Foundation of China [21473142, 91545115,; 21473145]; Innovative Research Team of China [IRT_14R31, J1310024

Effect of Ethanol Extract from Camellia Oleifera Abel. on Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

目的筛选油茶（Camellia oleifera Abel.）降低2型糖尿病小鼠血糖的有效部位。方法采用腹腔注射烟碱、链脲霉素诱导的2型糖尿病小鼠模型,应用超声提取法分别获得油茶叶、果、籽的乙醇提取物,筛选降低血糖的有效部位。结果阳性药罗格列酮每日灌胃剂量10mg/kg·BW,连续灌胃21d后,降低了2型糖尿病小鼠血糖。分别灌胃油茶叶、油茶果、油茶籽乙醇提取物,按每日剂量100mg/kg·BW连续灌胃21d后,均在一定程度上降低2型糖尿病小鼠血糖,油茶籽乙醇提取物对口服葡萄糖耐受试验（Oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT）作用最明显。与对照组相比,1μM和2μM的阳性药罗格列酮均能明显促进3T3-L1前脂肪细胞分化;油茶籽乙醇提取物在0.5μg·m L-1和1μg·m L-1浓度下也体现出促进分化的活性。结论油茶籽乙醇提取物降低了2型糖尿病小鼠的血糖,促进了3T3-L1前脂肪细胞的分化,但其具体作用机制尚需深入研究。OBJECTIVE To investigate effective parts possessing property of lowering blood glucose in type 2diabetic mice from Camellia oleifera Abel. METHODS Leaf,fruit and seed ethanol extract of C. oleifera were obtained through ultrasonic extraction,and were subsequently subject to type 2 diabetic mice model induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin and nicotine. RESULTS In accordance with the positive drug rosiglitazone by intragastric administration once daily dose of 10 mg / kg·BW,continuous intragastric administration for 21 days,blood glucose in type 2 diabetic mice was reduced. In accordance with a daily dose of 100 mg / kg·BW leaf,fruit and seed ethanol extract of C. oleifera,continuous intragastric administration for 21 days respectively,in a certain extent,blood glucose in type 2 diabetic mice was reduced. Moreover,effect of seed ethanol extract on blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test（ OGTT） is the most obvious. Compared with control group（ treated with insulin）,1μM and 2μM of positive drug rosiglitazone can significantly promote differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes,C. oleifera seed ethanol extract as the most effective part for lowing blood glucose at 0. 5μg·m L~（-1） and 1μg·m L~（-1）concentration also promoted 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte differentiation. CONCLUSION It was suggested that C. oleifera seed ethanol extract lowered blood glucose in type 2 diabetic mice and enhanced differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes,but the specific mechanism needs further study.福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目杰青项目JA14421;福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目JA13425; 厦门市科技局科技计划高校创新项目3502Z20143026;厦门市科技局科技计划项目3502Z20144031; 福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目2015J01065; 福建省科技厅自然科学基金青年创新项目2014D008; 福建省卫生系统中青年骨干人才培养项目基础项目2015-ZQN-JC-45; 厦门市卫生和计划生育委员会资助研究经费; 厦门医学高等专科学校科研基金Z2013-12;Z2013-2

Determination of Squalene by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography

应用超高效液相色谱法,建立了角鲨烯的测定方法。采用uPlC bEH C18(2.1MMx50MM,1.7μM)色谱柱考察了流动相有机相比例、流速及柱温对角鲨烯样品分离的影响,确定了最佳色谱条件:等度洗脱,流动相为甲醇-水(95∶5,体积比),流速0.4M l/MIn,柱温35℃,检测波长210nM。该方法下,角鲨烯在0.2-10μg/M l范围内浓度和面积呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r为0.9998;检测限为0.1ng,定量限分别为0.25ng,精密度试验rSd(n=6)为0.36%,平均回收率为100.82%(rSd=0.99%)。本方法快速、简单、可靠、灵敏、重复性好,可用于角鲨烯有关样品的快速检测。The article is researching determination of squalene by Ultra performance liquid chromatography(UPLC).The analysis was performed on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column(2.1mm×50mm,1.7μm).The influence of flow rate,the proportion of organic phase in mobile phase,and column temperature on the separation of squalene was comprehensively studied.The optimal separation condition was as follows:a mobile phase consisting of methanol and water(95∶5,v/v) with a isocratic elution profile,UVdetection wavelength at 210 nm,0.4 m L/min of flow rate for mobile phase,35℃ of column temperature.On the above condition,good linear was observed in the linear range of 0.2-10 μg/m L,and the correlation coefficient r was 0.9998.The limits of detection(S/N=3) were 0.1ng and the limits of quantification(S/N=10) were 0.25 ng.The average recovery rates was 100.82%(RSD=0.99%).The RSD of repetition was 0.36%(n=6).This method was simple,accurate and sensitive with a good reproducibility.It is suitable for fast detection of squalene.厦门海洋研究开发院共建项目(2014); 海洋生物技术产业化中试技术研发公共服务平台(12PZP001SF10); 广东海洋经济发展区域示范项目(GD2012-D01-001

Efficiency Evaluation of Xiamen's Private Enterprises

作为国民经济中最为活跃的组成部分,民营经济已成为推动厦门市经济发展的重要力量,民营经济在解决就业、增加税收、促进产业竞争、方便生活等方面都起到了积极作用,但民营企业发展过程中也存在诸多亟待解决的问题:企业规模小、技术人才少、企业融资难、科技投入不足等,这些都制约了厦门市民营企业的发展壮大。本文运用dEA数据包络分析、累积概率分布等方法,比较分析了厦门市民营企业的产业绩效。As an active part in the national economy,the private economy has become an important force in Xiamens econmic development.Private enterprise has played a positive role in solving the employment,increasing revenue,and promoting industrial competition and convenient life.It also has many problems: the small scale of enterprises,the less quantity of technician,financial difficulties and not sufficient investment in technology,etc,These restrict the development of private enterprises in Xiamen.Based on data envelopment analysis and the cumulative DEA methods of probability distribution,the paper compares and analyses the industry of Xiamen private enterprise performance.福建省第二次全国经济普查科研课题“厦门市民营经济的现状、问题与对策研究”(闽经普办【2009】44号)阶段性研究成

氨基酸手性同一起源的新理论模型

氨基酸手性同一,这一生命体系特有的行为,可能伴随着密码子的起源而形成.在此假设的前提下,本文将带有P-N键的核苷-5′-磷酰化氨基酸化合物作为前生物时期的手性起源模型来探讨手性的选择.在这个模型化合物中,由于氨基酸手性原子的存在,导致氨基酸侧链和核苷酸碱基之间出现最佳空间取向差异,进而影响到分子内部不同官能基团之间的相互作用,氨基酸的某种手性可能成为优势构型,有利于该化合物的稳定.为了验证这一氨基酸手性同一起源模型,本文从实验和理论上做了初步研究.研究结果显示,古老氨基酸的L型异构体优先被选择遵从立体/物理化学决定论,而随后出现的氨基酸,其手性的选择可能是手性继承的结果.以上工作是氨基酸手性同一起源的一种猜测,为进一步开展实验验证提供依据和思路.国家自然科学基金(批准号:20572061);; 厦门大学人才引进基金(批准号:Z03120)资助项