PHOTOCONTROL of DEVELOPMENT IN ALGAE

藻类发育的许多方面受光的调控，且多种多样的光受体参与藻类的光形态建成过程。本文就近年来藻类光形态建成领域的研究进展简要综述，内容以海洋藻类为主，主要包括光周期、非光周期控制的藻类发育类型，以及藻类的光受体的种类及分子特性，并兼顾与高等植物的相关特性进行比较。Many aspects of algae development are controlled by light,and a wide range of different photoreceptors appear to be involved.This review summarizes recent advances in photocontrol of development in algae.We focus mainly on photomorphogenesis in marine algae,including photoperiodic responses and nonperiodic responses,and photoreceptors (phytochromes in particular) in algae.We also compare algae with higher plants in some aspects of photomorphogenesis when necessary.国家自然科学基

Effects of germanium on photosynthetic pigments of four species in microalgae

【中文摘要】 采用溶液培养方法 ,以锗作为胁迫因子 ,研究了锗对 4种微藻 :钝顶螺旋藻 ( Spirulina platensis)、盐生杜氏藻( Dunaliella salina)、湛江叉鞭金藻 ( Dicrateria zhanjiangensis)和微绿藻 ( N annochloropsis.sp)光合色素的影响。实验结果表明 ,经 1 0 mg/ dm3锗处理后 ,四种藻类细胞中的光合色素都发生了较大变化 ,有些色素发生明显的增加或形成 ,有些色素则减少或消失 ,但不同种间差别较大。此外还对锗的作用机理进行了探讨。 【英文摘要】 Four microalgae, Spirulina platensis,Dunaliella salina,Dicrateria zhanjiangensis and Nannochloropsis sp.were cultured in a solution with concentration of 10 mg/dm 3 germanium for 10 d (for S.platensis ) and 16d(for the other algae)to study photosynthetic pigments in these algae.The results showed that photosynthetic pigments and their contents in these four algae were changed greatly,some increased or formed and the others decreased or disappeared,the changes of the pigments varied greatly among ...国家教委博士点基金资助项目(编号:9538408

Effects of germanium toxicity on the morphology and ultrastructure of four species of microalgae.

　　将钝顶螺旋藻（Ｓｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａｐｌａｔｅｎｓｉｓ）、盐生杜氏藻（Ｄｕｎａｌｉｅｌａｓａｌｉｎａ）、湛江叉鞭金藻（Ｄｉｃｒａｔｅｒｉａｚｈａｎｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ）、微绿藻（Ｎａｎｎｏｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｓｉｓ．ｓｐ）４种微藻培养在含１０ｍｇ／ｄｍ３锗的溶液中，研究了锗毒性对藻类细胞形态和超微结构的影响。结果表明，经锗处理的微藻细胞多变形且易破裂，胞壁和原生质体结合疏松，一些细胞的鞭毛变得细长弯曲或缺失。细胞超微结构中叶绿体（类囊体）、线粒体受锗毒性的影响最大，其它一些结构如细胞核、脂含物、淀粉与液泡等也受到了影响，但不同种间差异较大。这些结果表明，细胞内的能量传递系统受到明显影响，从而影响到细胞内有机质的合成、累积及细胞的生长 【英文摘要】 Four microalgae: Spirulina platensis, Dunaliella salina, Dicrateria zhanjiangensis and Nannochloropsis sp. were exposed to 10 mg/dm 3 germanium(Ge), the morphology and ultrastructure changes in cells were studied.The results showed that more cells treated with Ge became deformed and cracked,cell wall linked with protoplasm loosely,and flagellates became longer and brooked or lost in some cells.Among ultrastructures,the mitochondria and chloroplasts(or thylakoids) were the most affected by Ge,other chan...　　国家教委博士点基

ANALYSES ON LDH ISOENZYME AND PROTEIN FROM BOTH GUANGDONG STRAIN AND FUJIAN STRAIN OF ECHINOCHASMUS FUJIANENSIS

目的　探讨福建与广东两地福建棘隙吸虫生化特点。方法　用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及薄层等电聚焦电泳等进行比较分析虫体乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)同工酶和蛋白质。结果　福建与广东两地虫株都有 5种LDH同工酶 ,其中LDH1、LDH4 和LDH5的迁移率相同 ;蛋白质电泳都分离出 9条区带 ,其中有 7条带的等电点相同。但在LDH2 和LDH3 的迁移率 ,蛋白质区带的相对含量 ,同工酶的总活力与比活力 ,以及A和B亚基的含量等存在差异。结论　LDH同工酶与蛋白质的某些差异 ,可归因为基因型相似条件下所出现两地虫株生化遗传上差异Aim\ Inguired into the biochemical characteristrics of Echinochasmus fujianensis found in Fujian and Guangdong provinces. Methods\ Compared and analysed two strains by LDH isoenzyme eletrophoresis, discontinuous PAGE and thinlayer isoelectric equilibrium PAGE.Results\ Two strains both had five LDH isoenzyme, among them, LDH\-1、LDH\-4 and LDH\-5 had the same mobilities. There were nine bands in protein electrophoresis. Seven bands had the same isoelectric point.But there were differences in the mobilities of LDH\-2 and LDH\-3,the comparative amount of protein bands, total and specific activity of isoenzyme and the amount of A and B subunit. Conclusion Under the similar condition of genotypes, the differences of the biochemical inheritance can be contributed to the differences of LDH isoenzyme and protein.福建省科技计划基金资助项目!(No.98-Z-156);; 福建省“百千万人才”人选培养资金资助项

Development of a quantitative ELISA detection method for Coxsackievirus A group 16 strain(CA16) antigen

目的:建立柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16)抗原的双抗体夹心ElISA定量检测方法,用于CA16灭活疫苗的研发和生产过程的抗原定量检测。方法:以CA16中和单抗T26H12为包被抗体、nA14b9为标酶抗体,构建定量检测CA16抗原的双抗体夹心ElISA方法,并对方法的特异性、灵敏度、精密度、准确性、线性和稳定性进行分析。结果:建立了双抗体夹心定量检测CA16抗原的ElISA方法。方法的线性相关系数r2=0.998,线性范围为8~128 ng/Ml,定量限度为8 ng/Ml;变异系数CV80%;与CA16以外的其他样本没有交叉反应。结论:构建的CA16抗原ElISA定量检测方法的各项性能符合定量检测需要,可用于CA16疫苗的研发和生产过程的抗原活性的定量检测。Objective:To develop an a quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(Q-ELISA) to determine the concentration of Coxsackievirus A Group 16 Strain(CA16) antigen.This method was used to determine CA16 antigen content at each stage of CA16 vaccine developing and manufacturing process.Methods:A double antibody sandwich Q-ELISA was developed to determine concentration of CA16 antigen,which was based on the high-affinity neutralizing monoclonal antibodies T26H12 as capture antibodies,and NA14B9 as HRP-labeled antibody.The performance of reagent were evaluated.Results:The Q-ELISA for CA16 antigen content was successfully developed.The reagent had good performance.The quantitation scope was 8-128 ng/ml,the coefficient correlation was 0.998,the limit of detection was 8 ng/ml,the recovery was between 87% and 113.8%.The stability was up to 80% after reagent was heated for 6 days at 37℃.The variation coefficient was lower than 15%,and thereagent was no reaction with other sample except CA16 antigen.Conclusion:The Q-ELISA for CA16 antigen was developed with good specificity,accuracy,precision and stability.The method can be used to determine CA16 antigen content during development and production of CA16 vaccine

SURVEY OF MIXED INFECTIONS OF FISH-BORNE TREMATODES IN PINYUAN COUNTY AND DNA(RAPD)ANALYSIS

目的　调查广东省平远县棘隙吸虫及其他鱼源性吸虫混合感染情况。方法　对鱼类宿主取鱼鳃和鱼肉等组织 ,镜检囊蚴 ;用水洗过筛沉淀法粪检虫卵 ,部分虫卵阳性动物解剖检查。采用DNA -RAPD技术 ,比较福建棘隙吸虫广东株与福建株。结果　查出华支睾吸虫 (Clonorchissinensis)、东方次睾吸虫 (Metorchisorientalis)、福建棘隙吸虫 (Echinochasmusfujianensis)、日本棘隙吸虫 (E japonicus)、抱茎棘隙吸虫 (E perfoliatus)和钩棘单睾吸虫 (Haplorchispumilio) 6种。第二中间宿主为麦穗鱼等 11种 ,感染率 48 3% (182 / 377) ,有 92 4%的阳性鱼混合感染 2种以上吸虫囊蚴。保虫宿主狗、猫感染率 79 2 % (19/ 2 4) ,每只阳性动物均有 2种以上吸虫混合感染。 15个引物在福建棘隙吸虫广东株与福建株两者共获DNA片段 185个 ,共享度 (F) =0 984,遗传距离 (D) =0 0 16。结论　当地为人兽共患的多种鱼源性吸虫混合感染区。形态学观察和分子生物学检测结果相印证 ,福建棘隙吸虫广东株与福建棘隙吸虫福建株为同一虫种。Aim To seek the possible existence of mixed infections of Echinochasmus fujianensis and other fish-borne tremtodes in Pinyuan county,Guangdong.Methods Metacercariae of trematodes were detected from gills,muscles and some other tissues of freshwater fish and examintd under microscopy Sedimentation pocedures were used to observe parasite ova in stool Adult worms were obtained from definitive animal hosts upon dissection Experimental animal infection were performed from metacercariae of E fujianensis strains in Fujian and Guangdong,and it's DNA analysis Random amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD).Results Six species of trematodes were found,including Clonorchis sinensis,Metorchis orientalis,E fujanensis, E japonicus,E perfoliatus and Haplorchis pumilio Eleven species of freshwater fish comprising Pseudorasbora parve were identified as the second intermediate hosts,with an average positive rate of 48 33%(182/377) The overall mixed infection animal were contracted with 2 or more species Dogs and cats were detected to be reservoir hosts,the total infection rate being 79 2%(19/24).92 4% of infecded fish were contracted with 2 or 6 speies of the metacercariae of trematodes 185 DNA fragments were obtained by 15 primers,F=0 894 and D=0 016 between E fujianensis Guandong and Fujian strain Conclusion There are six species of fish-borne trematodes which may cause infections in human and animal in the regions E fujianensis Guangdong stain and Fujian strain are the same species福建省科技计划基金!资助项目 (No 98-Z - 1 56);; 福建省“百千万人才”人选培养资

Preparation and Electrochemical Lithium Intercalation Performance of Segmented Carbon Nanofibers

以泡沫镍为催化剂 ,在 6 0 0和 70 0℃下 ,以CVD法热解乙炔气体制备大量的纳米碳纤维 .随着制备温度增加 ,纳米碳纤维直径变小 ,竹节状含量减少 ,d0 0 2 值减小 ,微晶片层平面Lc 和La 值增大 ,碳材料的可逆容量则下降 .分别用透射电镜、X射线衍射和拉曼光谱观察和测定了纳米碳纤维的形貌、微结构 ,发现在不同条件下生长的纳米碳纤维有不同的形貌和结构 .对纳米碳纤维的电化学嵌锂性能的研究表明 ,纳米碳纤维的结构对其电化学嵌锂容量和充放电循环寿命起重要影响 ,制备温度越低 ,纳米碳纤维的石墨化程度越差 ,可逆嵌锂容量相应要高一些Segmented carbon nanofibers were prepared by pyrolysis of acetylene on foam Ni at 600 and 700℃ in a fixed bed flowed-reactor. The morphology, microstructure and lithium insertion properties of these carbon nanofibers were investigated by TEM, XRD, Raman and electrochemical methods. Through TEM observations, it was found that this kind of carbon nanofibers was composed of lens-like segments with nearly equal separation stacking along the nanofiber axis. When the reaction temperature was 600℃, segmented carbon nanofibers were the major production. However, when the reaction temperature increased to 700 ℃, the content of segmented carbon filaments decreased and their diameter became smaller. The crystallite size d 002 and L c were determined by the 002 carbon Bragg peak of XRD patterns using the Bragg and Scherrer formulas. The intensity ratios of the 1350 cm -1 line and the 1580 cm -1 line (R=I D/I G) was used to evaluate the L a value, which was inversely proportional to the effective crystallite size in the direction of the graphite plane (L a). With the reaction temperature increased, the d 002 value decreased, L a and L c values increased, which indicated the degree of crystallinity increased. Segmented carbon nanofibers were used as positive electrodes of C/Li cells. The first charge capacities of C/Li cells were 480 and 300 mAh/g for samples produced at 600 and 700℃, respectively. The samples at 600℃ showed capacities higher than the theoretical value of graphite, which was attributed to accommodation of more lithium at the edge of graphene layers and on the surface of graphene layers according to the mechanisms of lithium insertion in carbons prepared by low-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. As confirmed by the XRD and Raman spectra, the samples at 700℃ had larger L a and L c, which led to the capacity decreasing.国家自然科学基金 (6 0 2 710 0 9);; 浙江省自然科学基金 (5 0 110 9,2 0 0 0 5 3)资助项

Preparation and electrochemical lithium intercalation performance of segmented carbon nanofibers

Segmented carbon nanofibers were prepared by pyrolysis of acetylene on foam Ni at 600 and 700degreesC in a fixed bed flowed-reactor. The morphology, microstructure and lithium insertion properties of these carbon nanofibers were investigated by TEM, XRD, Raman and electrochemical methods. Through TEM observations, it was found that this kind of carbon nanofibers was composed of lens-like segments with nearly equal separation stacking along the nanofiber axis. When the reaction temperature was 600degreesC, segmented carbon nanofibers were the major production. However, when the reaction temperature increased to 700degreesC, the content of segmented carbon filaments decreased and their diameter became smaller. The crystallite size d(002) and L-c were determined by the 002 carbon Bragg peak of XRD patterns using the Bragg and Scherrer formulas. The intensity ratios of the 1350 cm(-1) line and the 1580 cm(-1) line (R =I-D/I-G) was used to evaluate the L-a value, which was inversely proportional to the effective crystallite size in the direction of the graphite plane (L-a). With the reaction temperature increased, the d(002) value decreased, L-a and L-c values increased, which indicated the degree of crystallinity increased. Segmented carbon nanofibers were used as positive electrodes of C/Li cells. The first charge capacities of C/Li cells were 480 and 300 mAh/g for samples produced at 600 and 700degreesC, respectively. The samples at 600degreesC showed capacities higher than the theoretical value of graphite, which was attributed to accommodation of more. lithium at the edge of graphene layers and on the surface of graphene layers according to the mechanisms of lithium insertion in carbons prepared by low-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. As confirmed by the XRD and Raman spectra, the samples at 700degreesC had larger L-a and L-c, which led to the capacity decreasing

海洋微型浮游生物的研究进展

微型浮游生物个体小(一般小于20μm),但在海洋生态系和食物链中起着重要的作用,而且与水产养殖业、污染等方面密切相关。因此,目前对它们的初级生产力、光合作用、分布、饵料、培养和污染等方面的研究日益增多。本文在简单介绍微型浮游生物的基础上,对这些方面作了综述,并讨论我们的初步实验观察结果

福建龙海西边和连江晓澳油泥硅藻垂直移动的研究

纯化三次的日本毛虾、中国毛虾和中华假磷虾的Tm 含量分别占其千重的。0.86%,0.87%,和0.70%;SDS一PAGE测定两种毛虾Tm亚基分子量约3.3-3.6x104 ,磷虾的约3.2-3.5 x 104;等电聚焦分析出此三种动物Tm 的pI约为pH5;在pH 4.8或7.2的镁溶液中, 三种Tm均能形成针状晶体, 透射电镜下可见到约39nm横纹周期及若干细节;三种Tm均含有Ghi、Asp、Lys、His,Arg、Ser、Thr、Gly、Ala、(Cys)2，Val、Met、Ile 、Leu、Tyr和Phe,但都未测出Pro和Trp;圆二色性测定指出,在远紫外区三种Tm 均显示出峰型极为相似的典型a 螺旋双负峰, 峰极点分别落在22和208nm处.日本毛虾、中国毛虾和中华假磷虾Tm 在208 nm 处的a螺旋度分别占整个肤链的76.6%,74.2%和61.6%.