Detection of isoniazid-resistant mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by fluorescent PCR probes and melt-curve analysis

目的研究荧光PCr熔解曲线法检测结核分枝杆菌耐异烟肼突变方法,评价检测耐多药结核病的能力。方法对结核病人临床分离结核分枝杆菌使用荧光PCr熔解曲线法检测,与金标准传统药物敏感性试验比较,获得该方法的灵敏度、特异度和一致率。结果检测408例结核病人临床分离培养样本,药敏试验检出278例异烟肼敏感标本,130例异烟肼耐药标本;荧光PCr探针熔解曲线法检出异烟肼敏感和耐药标本281例、127例,灵敏度为87.69%,特异性为95.32%,一致率为92.89%。结论荧光PCr探针熔解曲线法检测速度快速、特异性强、灵敏度较高,可用于结核分枝杆菌耐异烟肼突变的快速检测,适于耐多药结核病的快速筛查。OBJECTIVE The study explored the features of fluorescent PCR / melt-curves analysis in the detection of isoniazid-resistant mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, so to evaluate the capability of the method in the identification of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.METHODS Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from tuberculosis patients were subjected to fluorescent PCR / melt-curves analysis and gold standard conventional drug susceptibility test.The results were compared to obtain the sensitivity, specificity, and consistency of the new method.RESULTS Among the 408 culture samples isolated from tuberculosis patients, drug susceptibility test indicated 278 isoniazid-sensitive and 130 isoniazid-resistant specimens, and fluorescent PCR / melt-curves analysis revealed 281 and 127 specimens, respectively.Consequently, sensitivity, specificity,and consistency of the fluorescent PCR / melt-curves analysis were 87.69%, 95.32%, and 96.32%, respectively.CONCLUSION Fluorescent PCR / melt-curves analysis is time-efficient and high in specificity and sensitivity, and may be used in the rapid detection of isoniazid-resistant mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rapid screening of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.“艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治”科技重大专项资助项目(2008ZX10003-004

气相爆轰驱动二级轻气炮内弹道数值模拟

二级轻气炮是超高速弹丸驱动技术中使用最广泛的技术之一,它在超高速气动物理现象及材料高速碰撞下力学性能的实验研究和验证方面起着不可或缺的作用.中国科学院力学研究所基于爆轰驱动方法研制了一座大型二级轻气炮,可弥补高压气体驱动能力有限和火药使用受限的不足.本文基于经过实验验证的准一维数值模拟方法,详细研究了该设备的内弹道动力学参数及发射性能,并探讨了不同发射方法及装填参数对设备性能的影响规律和机理.研究结果表明,氢氧爆轰驱动相比于高压气体驱动具有明显优势;不同爆轰驱动方式对弹丸发射性能影响较小,但其影响到整个设备的强度设计;对装填运行参数的研究表明增大爆轰段充气压力可以有效加强轻气炮发射性能,而活塞质量变化对发射速度的影响较为复杂,轻气炮实际运行中受设备设计指标及模型材料性能的限制,优化过程中需要同时调整3种参数以达到轻气炮最佳性能

Expertadvice on the diagnosis and intervention of Chinese developmental dyslexia

发展性阅读障碍是一种以儿童阅读能力显著落后于年龄和智力应有水平为主的障碍，属于具有遗传基础的神经发育性障碍。目前国内对发展性阅读障碍的评估、诊断与干预多出现在科研场合，临床诊疗和教育性质的应用明显不足。专家意见采用专家书面反馈意见和视频会议讨论的形式，以发展性阅读障碍的病因学基础为指导，对发展性阅读障碍的临床表现、诊断流程及干预原则等形成统一意见，旨在为相关专业领域医师和康复专业人员提供参考和帮助，亦为开展对发展性阅读障碍的教育性干预活动提供参考。</p

Direct mass measurements of neutron-rich ~(86)Kr projectile fragments and the persistence of neutron magic number N=32 in Sc isotopes

<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">In this paper, we present direct mass measurements of neutron-rich Kr-86 projectile fragments conducted at the HIRFL-CSR facility in Lanzhou by employing the Isochronous Mass Spectrometry (IMS) method. The new mass excesses of 52-54SC nuclides are determined to be -40492(82), -38928(114), -34654(540) keV, which show a significant increase of binding energy compared to the reported ones in the Atomic Mass Evaluation 2012 (AME12). In particular, Sc-53 and Sc-64 are more bound by 0.8 MeV and 1.0 MeV, respectively. The behavior of the two neutron separation energy with neutron numbers indicates a strong sub-shell closure at neutron number N=32 in Sc isotopes.</span