The effect of occupational identity on occupational delayed ratification of male nurses: Chain mediating effects of self-esteem and perceived social support

近年来，在全球突发公共卫生事件的影响下，医护人员的职业发展问题已经受到了管理者们的高度重视。同时，医护人员中存在着职业倦怠现象严重，对工作投入力度不够，工作压力增大等比较常见的问题，而近些年在护理人员队伍全方面发展的过程中出现了“男护士”这个群体，尤其是对于这个群体中占很大比例数量的“手术室男护士”来说，以上问题也较为普遍，为了纠正上述出现的消极现象，而着手研究其职业延迟满足水平情况，所谓的职业延迟满足就是指人们甘愿放弃对当前工作没有益处的休息或娱乐等即时满足的机会而为了得到更多工作上的回报和更好地完成工作任务而表现出的自我调控能力。过去的学者多是以女护士为研究对象，讨论女护士的职业延迟满足水平，而且已有研究开始探讨“职业认同”对“职业延迟满足”的关系，并研究发现职业认同对职业延迟满足有着重要影响;同时，研究对象职业认同水平的高低也决定着“自尊”水平及其“领悟社会支持”的程度，也会对其“职业延迟满足”水平起到促进的作用。所以本研究着手探讨手术室男护士群体职业认同、自尊、领悟社会支持水平和其本身职业延迟满足水平的关系，以便进一步探索影响手术室男护士职业延迟满足水平的因素，更好地促进手术室男护士队伍稳步向前发展，为医院管理者能够有针对性地实施管理提供强有力的理论依据。 此研究先后使用信效度较高的《护士职业认同评定量表》、《自尊量表》(SES),《领悟社会支持量表》(PSSS)和《职业延迟满足量表》对工作在河北省内的256名手术室男护士使用了“问卷星”问卷调查，得出以下结果: 1、手术室男护士职业延迟满足水平、职业认同水平及自尊和领悟社会支持水平总分及条目均分都处于中等水平，且四个变量间存在两两正相关关系。 2、手术室男护士的职业认同水平可以正向预测职业延迟满足水平，(95%的置信区间为0.26-0.38;也可以通过三条间接路径影响职业延迟满足水平:自尊的中介作用(95%置信区间0.02-0.07;领悟社会支持的中介作用(95%的置信区间0.01-0.05;自尊和领悟社会支持的链式中介作用(95%置信区间0.01-0.02)。 通过结果分析得出结论:手术室男护士职业认同、自尊、领悟社会支持及职业延迟满足间两两正相关;职业认同对其职业延迟满足具有直接影响效应，且会通过自尊一领悟社会支持的链式中介效应影响职业延迟满足

Influencing factors of occupational delay of gratification among male nurses in operating theatre

目的探讨手术室男护士的职业延迟满足水平现状,分析其影响因素,为提高手术室男护士职业延迟满足水平提供理论依据。方法采用问卷法进行调查,使用一般资料调查表、自尊量表、职业认同评定量表和职业延迟满足量表对河北省内256名手术室男护士进行调查。结果手术室男护士职业延迟满足总分为(24.80&plusmn;4.32)分,自尊水平总分为(30.51&plusmn;8.21)分,职业认同总分为(114.81&plusmn;24.09)分;均处于中等以上水平。手术室男护士职业延迟满足水平与其自尊、职业认同水平呈正相关(P&lt;0.01);手术室男护士的职称水平,是否手术室专科护士,月薪酬水平,职业认同和自尊水平是其职业延迟满足水平的影响因素(均P&lt;0.05),共同解释42.8%职业延迟满足水平的变异。结论手术室男护士的职业延迟满足水平处于中等偏上水平,自尊和职业认同对其职业延迟满足水平有正向促进作用,希望护理管理者采取有效措施提高手术室男护士的自尊和职业认同水平,从而提高其职业延迟满足水平,来促进手术室护理的发展。</p

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies