Variability of Sea Level and Statistical Characteristics of Storm Surges in off shore Fujian

海平面上升加剧了风暴潮、海岸侵蚀和海水入侵等灾害，给人类生存环境带来巨大的威胁，因此，研究海平面变化对开展防灾减灾工作具有重要意义。海平面变化的研究主要集中在海平面变化趋势和空间分布研究、影响机制以及风险评估研究等方面。然而，目前对于福建近海海平面的研究较少。本文利用卫星高度计和福建沿海验潮站资料进行福建近海海平面变化研究，主要研究海平面的季节、年际以及长期变化特征，并简要进行海平面变化机制研究，同时对福建近海海平面时、空变化特征进行研究。福建沿海频受台风侵袭，常常带来严重的风暴潮灾害，本文在前面海平面变化研究基础上，利用福建沿海风暴潮资料，对风暴潮特征进行统计分析。主要研究结果如下： （1...Sea level rising can intensify storm surge and floods, coastal erosion and sea water intrusion, which cause damage to the human living environment, so the study of sea level change on disaster prevention and mitigation work is of great importance. This study focuses on the trend and spatial variation of sea level rising, and on their mechanisms. The seasonal and inter-annual variations and the lon...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与地球学院_物理海洋学学号：2232012115136

The Fiscal Revenue Impact Caused by Replacing the Business Tax with Value-added Tax on Construction Industry in China

2012年12月20日，时任财政部部长谢旭人在全国财政工作会议上表示， “2013年将加快推进‘营改增’试点工作，抓紧研究交通运输业和部分现代 服务业在全国试点的方案，适时将邮电通信、铁路运输、建筑安装等行业纳入 试点范围”，建筑业营改增势在必行。建筑业营改增不仅能够提高建筑施工企 业的管理水平，保证建筑行业总体良性有序发展，还有利于建筑市场的公平竞 争，加快我国税收制度的改革步伐，带动行业市场管理制度、建筑产品定价模 式、投资管理制度等方面的配套改革。因此，本文研究我国建筑业营改增对财 政收入的影响并根据实证分析结果提供相应的政策建议，对于增值税扩围在全 国的进一步推行具有举...On December 20, 2012, the Ministry of Finance Xie Xuren said in the national financial work conference, government will accelerate the pace of reform pilot work in 2013, promptly research the best way to put the transportation industry and part of the modern service industry into the national pilot scheme, expand the pilot industries to the post and telecommunication, railway transportation, c...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院_财政学(含税收学)学号：1552011115181

Study of Synthesis and Formation Mechanism of La Endohedral Metallofullerenes

1985年，Smalley等人发现了碳的第三个同素异形体——富勒烯，此后不久，他们又在质谱中检测出La@C60的信号，证实了内嵌金属富勒烯的存在。随着1991年La@C82的宏量合成，内嵌金属富勒烯家族开启了飞速发展的历程。目前已发现的内嵌金属富勒烯主要集中在IIA和IIIB，它们包括经典内嵌金属富勒烯以及金属氮化物、金属碳化物、金属氧化物、金属硫化物等内嵌金属原子簇富勒烯。 内嵌金属富勒烯独特的电子特性使得它在太阳能电池、生物医学、材料科学等领域都有着潜在的应用前景。但一直受困于合成产率的制约，对它的研究还局限在基础科研领域——实现内嵌金属富勒烯的规模化合成并将其应用于实际生产，是目前亟待...Fullerenes was first discovered by Kroto, Curl, and Smalley in the experiment of laser-evaporation of graphite. Considering the hollow space inside the C60 structure, they claimed that metals could be encapsulated in the fullerene cage, and this hypothesis was clarified with the initial revealing of La@C60 in the mass spectrum. Even though lanthanum was the first metal to be successfully encapsula...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_无机化学学号：2052009115135

Study on production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels from sorbitol and mannitol

在温和条件下研究了氢碘酸还原生物质基多元醇制备液体燃料的过程,使用气相色谱质谱仪(GC-MS)和红外光谱仪(FT-IR)分析了产物组成。结果表明,山梨醇和甘露醇为原料制备的液体产物中主要成分是C_(12)H_(16)、C_(12)H_(18)、C_(12)H_(20)、C_(12)H_(22)和C_(18)H_(26)等烃类物质。通过与碱的醇溶液反应将副产物碘代烷转化为烃,经旋转蒸发和减压蒸馏获得纯净的高碳烃产品。山梨醇、甘露醇以及二者混合物制备出的高碳烃的产率分别是81.1%、73.2%和77.3%。本研究获得的高碳烃产品是一种有前景的液体燃料,其含水量为0.1%,密度为0.83~0.84 g·mL~(-1),含氧量为2.0%~2.2%,热值均高于42 MJ·kg~(-1)。This paper describes the process of sorbitol and mannitol conversion to liquid heavier hydrocarbons via reduction with hydroiodic acid under mild reaction conditions. The compositions of the obtained products were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometer( GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer( FT-IR). It is found that the products obtained from C6 polyols were mainly C_(12)H_(16),C_(12)H_(18),C_(12)H_(20),C_(12)H_(22) and C_(18)H_(26). The yields of heavier hydrocarbons from sorbitol,mannitol,and the mixture of sorbitol and mannitol were 81. 1%,73. 2%,and 77. 3%,respectively.To obtain pure hydrocarbon fuels,the obtained crude oil was treated with potassium hydroxide in an alcohol solution followed by rotary evaporation and vacuum distillation. The final liquid hydrocarbons obtained have a water content of 0. 1%,densities of 0. 83 ~ 0. 84 g·mL~(-1),oxygen content of 2. 0% ~2. 2%,and heating values > 42 MJ·kg~(-1) at room temperature,which is potentially a good transportation fuel for diesel replacement.国家自然科学基金项目(21276214

STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOW CYCLE FATIGUE PERFORMANCE OF LOW YIELD STRENGTH STEEL SHEAR PANEL DAMPER

The low cycle fatigue test of low yield strength steel shear panel damper (LYSPD) are carried out under a constant amplitude sin wave to verify the ductility performance. Four shear strain amplitudes (20%，30%，40% and 50%) are applied to the LYSPD in the static and dynamic loading based on three kinds of periods (static，2 sec and 1 sec). The hysteretic characteristic，fatigue life and failure mode are obtained and compared between the static and dynamic tests. Although the dynamic test results showed that the LYSPD has large deformation capacity as well as high energy. dissipation ability and good low cycle fatigue performance，these characteristics are deteriorated with the high temperature caused by high strain speed and internal friction. In order to evaluate the dynamic performance of LYSPD rationally，the strain speed and high temperature should be taken into consideration

Reversed Flow Injection Analysis of Nitrate in Drinking Water with UV-induced Reduction to Nitrite and Spectrophotometric Detection

1引言硝酸盐广泛存在于各种环境水体中。当饮用水中硝酸盐浓度过高时,可能对人体健康造成危害;地表水中硝酸盐大量积累,则可能引起藻类过度繁殖,溶解氧耗竭,水质恶化。目前,检测硝酸盐的最常用方法是将硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐,再经重氮偶联反应后由分光光度法进行测定[1]。此类方法已较好地与流动分析技术相结合,广泛应用于测定环境样An environmental friendly method was developed based on reversed flow injection(r-FIA) with UV-induced reduction of nitrate to nitrite and spectrophotometric detection.Sample or standard solutions were mixed with a phosphate buffer solution containing diethylenetriaminepentaacetate(DTPA),and then passed through a UV reduction reactor equipped with an 8 W low pressure mercury lamp,where the nitrate was reduced to nitrite.The formed nitrite was detected with spectrophotometric method through Griess reaction.Less than 20 μmol/L of nitrite showed no effect on the nitrate analysis.Reduction efficiency over 80% was obtained.The detection limit of the proposed method was 0.053 μmol/L and linear range was 0.2-40 μmol/L.A sample of 20 μmol/L nitrate was continually measured for 48 times,and a RSD of 2.22% was obtained.The recoveries of drinking waters were between 90.9%-100.6%.国家“863”项目(No.2007AA061501);“长江学者和创新团队发展”计划(No.40821063)资助项

A comparative study of Young's modulus of single-walled carbon nanotube by CPMD, MD, and first principle simulations

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), due to their exceptional magnetic, electrical and mechanical properties, are promising candidates for several technical applications ranging from nanoelectronic devices to composites. Young's modulus holds the special status in material properties and micro/nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) design. The excellently regular structures of CNTs facilitate accurate simulation of CNTs' behavior by applying a variety of theoretical methods. Here, three representative numerical methods, i.e., Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD), density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), were applied to calculate Young's modulus of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) with chirality (3,3). The comparative studies showed that the most accurate result is offered by time consuming DFT simulation. MID simulation produced a less accurate result due to neglecting electronic motions. Compared to the two preceding methods the best performance, with a balance between efficiency and precision, was deduced by CPMD

基于粒子群算法的岩体微震源分层定位方法

针对微震经典定位法速度模型给不准和联合定位法震源位置、发震时间和微震传播速度相互关联,解不唯一的问题,提出一种微震源定位分层处理方法,先对微震信号进行消噪、分波、到时修正和劣质信号剔除等一系列处理,初步获取正确的有效信号;然后以相邻两传感器监测到时之差与计算到时之差的残差平方和最小为目标,利用粒子群算法,识别微震源位置和速度模型;接着,根据识别到的微震源位置和速度模型,以传感器监测到时和计算到时的残差平方和最小为目标,直接求解微震源发震时间的解析解;最后,再次结合矿山实际开采现状反分析有效微震信号选取的正确性和微震源定位的准确性,必要时再次对微震信号进行处理和定位,较好地解决经典法速度模型给不准和联合法解不唯一的问题。与经典法相比提高了微震定位精度,与联合法相比提高收敛速度和解的稳定性;关联性分析表明某些震源坐标在使用分层法定位时和速度具有一定的关联性,并给出震源坐标和速度相互关联的必要条件和相互关联的几个特殊位置;算法性能分析表明为了进一步提高算法的收敛速度、定位精度和解的稳定性,传感器布置要尽量:(1)使重点关注的区域位于传感器阵列之内,且距离传感器尽量近,(2)避免可能发生微震的震源处于能使震源坐标和速度相互关联的位置上。现场爆破试验进一步验证微震源分层定位方法的可行性;最后讨论几种速度模型的选取,分析几种速度模型的优劣及工程应用的可能性

A study of size fraction of colloidal iron in coastal waters utilizing centrifugal ultrafiltration

建立了基于离心超滤技术的近岸海水中络合态铁(fE)粒径分级方法。经0.45μM滤膜过滤的海水样品,分别用不同孔径(3 k dA、10 k dA、30 k dA、100 k dA)的超滤膜离心超滤并脱盐。不同分子量范围的化合物富集于相应孔径的超滤膜上,以酸溶液提取出fE,用原子吸收光谱法(gfAAS)测定。在优化的条件下,方法检测限为0.10μg·l-1,线性范围0.25~10μg·l-1,4组不同孔径超滤膜测定同一份样品的相对标准偏差(rSd)为6.4%~10.3%。本方法成功应用于福建九龙江口至厦门西海域水样的测定,结果显示各分子量范围内的络合态fE含量随盐度增高而降低,且呈非保守分布的变化趋势。Centrifugal ultrafiltration technique has been used for size fraction of colloidal iron in coastal waters in present studies.The seawater sample, which had been filtered through the 0.45 μm membrane, was filtered and desalted by centrifugal ultrafiltration with different pore sizes of membranes( 3 k Da, 10 k Da, 30 k Da, 100 k Da).The colloids in different molecular weight ranges were filtrated on the corresponding membranes.Colloidal iron was extracted with acid solution and detected with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS).Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit was 0.10 μg·L-1, and the linear range was 0~10 μg·L-1.Using different pore sizes of membranes, the relative standard deviations(RSDs) for the same coastal water sample were in the range of 6.4 %~10.3 %( n=4).The proposed method had been successfully applied to analyze the samples collected from Jiulongjiang Estuary and Western Xiamen Harbour, Fujian, China.The concentrations of colloidal iron in every range of molecular weight decreased as salinity increased and the trends indicated a non-conservative mixing process in the studied area.国家自然科学基金(41176075

磷掺杂中空碳球的制备及其电容性能研究

以酚醛预聚体和苯乙烯为原料通过水热法一步合成中空聚合物球HPS，再以三氯化磷为反应剂通过傅-克反应对HPS处理得到含磷交联聚合物，经高温碳化和KOH活化制备了磷掺杂中空碳球AP-HCS。采用FT-IR、TG、SEM、TEM、Raman、BET、XPS等手段对含磷聚合物和碳材料的组成、结构与形貌进行表征，测试了碳材料在1mol/L H2SO4介质中的电容性能。结果表明，AP-HCS的比表面积可达2177m2/g，在1A/ g电流密度下，比电容为288F/g，5A/g电流密度下经循环充放电5000次后比电容值仍能保持88.9%，具备良好的电容性能。国家自然科学基金项目(51673161,51773172)福建省重大科技创新平台(2014H2006