The Application of Competing Risk Model on the Prediction Study of Prognosis for Female Breast Cancer

目的：通过研究女性乳腺癌患者的术后生存结果，分析评价临床预后因素对女性乳腺癌的影响，探索竞争风险模型在乳腺癌患者预后预测中的应用，并与传统生存分析结果进行比较。 方法：通过调查的方法，获取厦门市及武汉市4家医院1998年至2008年入院接受手术治疗的乳腺癌患者的临床资料。生存分析中的单变量分析以K-M方法进行，用Log-rank法检验生存差异，采用Cox比例风险模型进行多因素分析。在考虑竞争风险的情况下，采用非参数方法计算累积风险率。采用原因别风险模型进行多因素分析，并评价复发的影响因素。采用累积风险模型分析各个独立的预后因素分别对复发和转移的影响，并计算累积风险率。全部分析采用SPSS16...Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival results after operation and explore the prognostic factors which have an impact on the patients with breast cancer. The application of competing risk model on the prediction of prognosis study for female breast cancer was discussed and compared with the traditional survival analysis method. Methods: Data of this study was collected ...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院计划统计系_统计学学号：1542007115120

女性乳腺癌危险因素及其变化

目的探讨女性乳腺癌的危险因素及其变化,为有效防制乳腺癌发生及发展提供科学依据。方法(1)危险因素研究。通过1:1病例对照方法,调查某市2002～2003年新发女性乳腺癌患者,调查内容主要有生理因素、生育因素、环境因素、精神心理因素和生活方式等,统计分析方法为条件logistic回归分析。(2)危险因素变化研究。将在中分析获得的危险因素与已有的Meta分析结果进行比较,了解危险因素的变化情况。结果(1)单因素分析结果表明,有12个暴露因素与该市女性乳腺癌发病有关,多因素分析获得的主要危险因素有乳腺良性疾病史、职业接触、性格内向、高脂饮食、睡觉时不摘文胸。(2)部分乳腺癌危险因素发生变化,其中以职业接触、高脂饮食和睡觉时不摘文胸表现明显。结论乳腺癌发病及其危险因素的变化是生物因素、心理因素和社会行为因素综合作用的结果,要有效控制乳腺癌,必须采取综合措施

Application of competing risk model in the prognostic prediction study of female breast cancer

目的探索竞争风险模型在乳腺癌患者预后预测中的应用,并与传统生存分析结果进行比较。方法运用K-M方法估算总体风险率;采用原因别风险模型进行多因素分析,评价复发和转移的影响因素。结果 K-M方法的风险率高于竞争风险情况下的风险率。肿瘤大小和个人乳腺疾病史是复发的独立预后因素。结论竞争风险模型在乳腺癌患者的预后预测中更合理、更客观。Objective To explore the application of competing risk model in the prognostic prediction study of female breast cancer, and compare it with traditional survival analysis method. Methods K-M method, in the present of competing risk factors, was used to estimate overall risk ratio; cause-specific risk model was used for multiple factor analysis and to evaluate the influence factors of recurrence and metastasis. SPSS16.0, excel 2007 and R2.10.1 were used in the study. Results The risk ratio estimated with K-M method was higher than that with competing risk model. Conclusion The results showed that competing risk model was more rational than the traditional survival analysis method.国家自然科学基金(No.30671822、No.81573257

Comparison of LMS Algorithm and RLS Algorithm Using

摘要:为了减小水声通信系统中存在的由于多径传播效应引起的符号间干扰,可在系统中使用线性均衡器。首先介绍了LMS 算法和RLS 算法基本原理,利用Matlab 仿真软件,给出了两种算法在水声信道通信系统中的自适应均衡的仿真系统,并对这两种算法对于均衡器的影响进行了比较,最后对比较的结果进行了分析。Abstract : To induce inter symbol interference which is due to multipath transmit effect in the water acoustic communication sys2 tem ,linear equalization can be adopted in the system. This article introduces the basic principle of LMS algorithm and RLS algorithm , and makes use of Matlab simulation software to provide the adaptive equalization system in the water acoustic system based on these two algorithms ,compares the performance of these two algorithms ,and analyzes the result of comparison at last .基金项目:国家自然科学基金(60572106

Comparison of LMS Algorithm and RLS Algorithm Using in the Underwater Acoustic Communication System

为了减小水声通信系统中存在的由于多径传播效应引起的符号间干扰,可在系统中使用线性均衡器。首先介绍了LMS算法和RLS算法基本原理,利用Matlab仿真软件,给出了两种算法在水声信道通信系统中的自适应均衡的仿真系统,并对这两种算法对于均衡器的影响进行了比较,最后对比较的结果进行了分析。To induce inter symbol interference which is due to multipath transmit effect in the water acoustic communication system,linear equalization can be adopted in the system.This article introduces the basic principle of LMS algorithm and RLS algorithm,and makes use of Matlab simulation software to provide the adaptive equalization system in the water acoustic system based on these two algorithms,compares the performance of these two algorithms,and analyzes the result of comparison at last.国家自然科学基金(60572106

壳聚糖衍生物处理碳纳米管改性聚丙烯腈基碳纤维

自制了邻苯二甲酰化壳聚糖、萘甲酰化壳聚糖、羧甲基化壳聚糖等3种壳聚糖衍生物对多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)进行表面处理,发现邻苯二甲酰化壳聚糖(PhthCS)能有效提高MWNTs在极性6～10范围溶剂中的分散性及稳定性,并考察了PhthCS的分子量及浓度对MWNTs的分散性及稳定性的影响;通过微观形貌和元素分析,发现MWNTs部分表面包覆了一层厚度约为5～10 nm的包覆膜.经凝胶纺丝工艺制备了PhthCS-MWNTs/聚丙烯腈复合原丝,经预氧化、炭化制备了复合碳纤维,SEM结果表明PhthCS-MWNTs在复合原丝和复合碳纤维中分散均匀,良好取向;PhthCS-MWNTs对复合原丝和复合碳纤维的力学性能具有明显的改善作用,当PhthCS-MWNTs含量为0.5%时,复合碳纤维的拉伸强度提高了19.8%;增加PhthCS-MWNTs用量对复合碳纤维的拉伸模量具有显著提高,当PhthCS-MWNTs含量为3%时,复合碳纤维的杨氏模量从6.24 GPa提高到了13.86 GPa,增大了122%

Genomic Insights into the Formation of Human Populations in East Asia

厦门大学人类学研究所、厦门大学生命科学学院细胞应激生物学国家重点实验室王传超教授课题组与哈佛医学院David Reich教授团队合作，联合全球43个单位的85位共同作者组成的国际合作团队通过古DNA精细解析东亚人群形成历史。研究人员利用古DNA数据检验了东亚地区农业和语言共扩散理论，综合考古学、语言学等证据，该研究系统性地重构了东亚人群的形成、迁徙和混合历史。这是目前国内开展的东亚地区最大规模的考古基因组学研究，此次所报道的东亚地区古人基因组样本量是以往国内研究机构所发表的样本量总和的两倍，改变了东亚地区尤其是中国境内考古基因组学研究长期滞后的局面。 该研究是由王传超教授团队与哈佛医学院（David Reich教授）、德国马普人类历史科学研究所（Johannes Krause教授）、复旦大学现代人类学教育部重点实验室（李辉教授和金力院士）、维也纳大学进化人类学系（Ron Pinhasi副教授）、南洋理工大学人文学院（Hui-Yuan Yeh助理教授）、俄罗斯远东联邦大学科学博物馆（Alexander N Popov研究员）、西安交通大学（张虎勤教授）、蒙古国国家博物馆研究中心、乌兰巴托国立大学考古系、华盛顿大学人类学系、台湾成功大学考古所、加州大学人类学系等全球43个单位的85位共同作者组成的国际合作团队联合完成的。厦门大学人类学研究所、厦门大学生命科学学院细胞应激生物学国家重点实验室为论文第一完成单位。厦门大学人类学研究所韦兰海副教授、胡荣助理教授、郭健新博士后、何光林博士后和杨晓敏硕士参与了研究工作。The deep population history of East Asia remains poorly understood due to a lack of ancient DNA data and sparse sampling of present-day people1,2. We report genome-wide data from 166 East Asians dating to 6000 BCE-1000 CE and 46 present-day groups. Hunter-gatherers from Japan, the Amur River Basin, and people of Neolithic and Iron Age Taiwan and the Tibetan plateau are linked by a deeply-splitting lineage likely reflecting a Late Pleistocene coastal migration. We follow Holocene expansions from four regions. First, hunter-gatherers of Mongolia and the Amur River Basin have ancestry shared by Mongolic and Tungusic language speakers but do not carry West Liao River farmer ancestry contradicting theories that their expansion spread these proto-languages. Second, Yellow River Basin farmers at ～3000 BCE likely spread Sino-Tibetan languages as their ancestry dispersed both to Tibet where it forms up ～84% to some groups and to the Central Plain where it contributed ～59-84% to Han Chinese. Third, people from Taiwan ～1300 BCE to 800 CE derived ～75% ancestry from a lineage also common in modern Austronesian, Tai-Kadai and Austroasiatic speakers likely deriving from Yangtze River Valley farmers; ancient Taiwan people also derived ～25% ancestry from a northern lineage related to but different from Yellow River farmers implying an additional north-to-south expansion. Fourth, Yamnaya Steppe pastoralist ancestry arrived in western Mongolia after ～3000 BCE but was displaced by previously established lineages even while it persisted in western China as expected if it spread the ancestor of Tocharian Indo-European languages. Two later gene flows affected western Mongolia: after ～2000 BCE migrants with Yamnaya and European farmer ancestry, and episodic impacts of later groups with ancestry from Turan.We thank David Anthony, Ofer Bar-Yosef, Katherine Brunson, Rowan Flad, Pavel Flegontov,Qiaomei Fu, Wolfgang Haak, Iosif Lazaridis, Mark Lipson, Iain Mathieson, Richard Meadow,Inigo Olalde, Nick Patterson, Pontus Skoglund, Dan Xu, and the four reviewers for valuable comments. We thank Naruya Saitou and the Asian DNA Repository Consortium for sharing genotype data from present-day Japanese groups. We thank Toyohiro Nishimoto and Takashi Fujisawa from the Rebun Town Board of Education for sharing the Funadomari Jomon samples, and Hideyo Tanaka and Watru Nagahara from the Archeological Center of Chiba City who are excavators of the Rokutsu Jomon site. The excavations at Boisman-2 site (Boisman culture), the Pospelovo-1 site (Yankovsky culture), and the Roshino-4 site (Heishui Mohe culture) were funded by the Far Eastern Federal University and the Institute of History,Archaeology and Ethnology Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; research on Pospelovo-1 is funded by RFBR project number 18-09-40101. C.C.W was funded by the Max Planck Society, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 31801040), the Nanqiang Outstanding Young Talents Program of Xiamen University (X2123302), the Major project of National Social Science Foundation of China (20&ZD248), a European Research Council (ERC) grant to Dan Xu (ERC-2019-ADG-883700-TRAM) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (ZK1144). O.B. and Y.B. were funded by Russian Scientific Foundation grant 17-14-01345. H.M. was supported by the grant JSPS 16H02527. M.R. and C.C.W received funding from the ERC under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant No 646612) to M.R. The research of C.S. is supported 30 by the Calleva Foundation and the Human Origins Research Fund. H.L was funded NSFC (91731303, 31671297), B&R International Joint Laboratory of Eurasian Anthropology (18490750300). J.K. was funded by DFG grant KR 4015/1-1, the Baden Württemberg Foundation, and the Max Planck Institute. Accelerator Mass Spectrometry radiocarbon dating work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (BCS-1460369) to D.J.K. and B.J.C. D.R. was funded by NSF grant BCS-1032255, NIH (NIGMS) grant GM100233, the Paul M. Allen Frontiers Group, John Templeton Foundation grant 61220, a gift from Jean-Francois Clin, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. 该研究得到了国家自然科学基金“中国东南各族群的遗传混合”、国家社科基金重大项目“多学科视角下的南岛语族的起源和形成研究”、厦门大学南强青年拔尖人才支持计划A类、中央高校基本科研业务费等资助