Ethical Leadership and Employee Voice:The Effects of Error Management Climate and Organizational Commitment

随着组织竞争环境日益激烈，组织经营中的风险与不确定性越来越高，仅仅依靠组织的管理层无法获取组织经营的全部信息，灵活应对组织变幻的环境。员工的建言行为弥补了组织经营的信息缺失，对于组织创新、变革和获取竞争优势具有重要意义。建言自提出以来受到不同领域学者的广泛关注，其中领导风格与建言的关系研究硕果颇丰。但纵观目前学术界关于领导者与员工建言行为的研究，多聚焦于员工的心理特征，如心理安全、责任知觉等，关于组织氛围的研究相对缺乏。同时，建言作为一种角色外行为，受员工内在动力的影响，因此有必要探讨组织承诺与组织氛围对于员工建言的交互作用。 基于此，本文将伦理型领导、差错管理氛围与组织承诺纳入同一研究框架...As the increasingly fierce competition, the risk and uncertainty of organizational management become higher. Rely only on managers cannot obtain all the information to face this increasingly changing business environment. Employee Voice has a significant impact on organizational innovation and revolution. Employee Voice has attracted the extensive attention of scholars in the past few years, also ...学位：管理学硕士院系专业：管理学院_企业管理学号：1762013115128

三角范畴定义中八面体公理的等价命题及其应用

三角范畴是一个带有自同构的加法范畴,并且满足4 条公理,其中的1 条重要公理是八面体公理. 由Grothen2 dick2Verdier 在上个世纪60 年代提出的八面体公理相对于其它3 条公理形式比较复杂,应用起来比较不方便. 因此研究 八面体公理的其它等价命题引起了人们的兴趣. 本文在王济荣工作的基础上给出八面体公理的第1 个等价命题,再利用 对偶的思想导出八面体公理的第2 个等价命题。最后利用homotopy cartesian 得到八面体公理的第3 个等价命题,并利 用第3 个等价命题简化Peng 和Tan 的证明

Diversity of bacterial community structure and its driving factors in three bays of Bohai Sea

[Background] Sustainable development of coastal ecosystem has become one of the most important concerns for people nowadays. Riverine output and anthropogenic interrupt have important impacts on the coastal environment. [Objective] In this study, we collected 12 samples from three transects including Bohai Bay, Liaodong Bay and Laizhou Bay to explore the microbial community and diversity in summer of 2015. [Methods] DNA was extracted from water samples by using DNA extraction kit. Samples were analyzed by Illumina HiSeq sequencing technology. We compared the differences among these three transects according to the analysis results. [Results] The diversity index and rarefaction curves showed significant differences among these three transects. The order of diversity value was Laizhou Bay>Bohai Bay>Liaodong Bay. The distribution of the dominant community was as follows: the proportion of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes in the Bohai Bay was 39.8%, 25.7%, 22.4%, 5.85% and 4.38%, respectively. The dominant community proportion in Liaodong bay was Proteobacteria (37.8%), Bacteroidetes (25.7%), Cyanobacteria (17.8%), Actinobacteria (10.4%) and Planctomycetes (5.64%). While in Laizhou Bay there were only four dominant communities as follows: Proteobacteria (59.0%), Bacteroidetes (17.5%), Cyanobacteria (8.2%), Actinobacteria (7.88%). By using the principal component analysis (PCA) and Heatmap correlation analysis, we found that environmental factors were key roles in controlling the microbial diversity in the Bohai Sea. Among them, the concentration of nitrate was particularly significant according to the Mantel test analysis. [Conclusion] The microbial diversity in the three bays of Bohai Sea was very rich and multifarious. The population structure and species in the Laizhou Bay is the most complex and abundant among these three bays, and then it is Bohai Bay and Liaodong Bay. There was a significant correlation among microbial diversity, environmental factors and the spatial distribution. Above all, this study will provide a theoretical basis for further protection and ecological development of Bohai Sea

Analysis of DcR3 in rat model of adjuvant arthritis

目的研究诱骗受体DcR3对佐剂型关节炎(AA)大鼠模型的作用及其机理。方法注射弗式完全佐剂建立大鼠佐剂型关节炎(AA)模型,尾静脉注射DcR3蛋白,观察大鼠关节肿胀度、间接ELISA检测血清和滑膜液中细胞因子IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ的变化。RT-PCR检测滑膜和淋巴细胞中DcR3、Fas、FasL mRNA的表达以及脾脏中TGF-β、IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-4、IL-10 mRNA的表达。Western blot分析滑膜细胞中Caspase-8、Caspase-3、Caspase-9、Bcl-2蛋白的表达。结果DcR3治疗AA大鼠后,足肿胀度降低;血液和滑膜液的IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ水平下降;脾脏中TGF-β、IFN-γ、TNF-αmRNA表达下调,IL-4、IL-10 mRNA表达上调;滑膜细胞中Caspase-8、Caspase-3蛋白表达上调,Bcl-2蛋白表达下调。结论DcR3可以用于实验性大鼠AA的治疗,其治疗机制与调节滑膜细胞FasL、Fas mRNA的表达和血液淋巴细胞中Fas mRNA的表达,促进滑膜细胞和自身反应性淋巴细胞的凋亡;调节脾脏细胞Th1/Th2细胞因子... 【英文摘要】 Objective To study the immunoregulatory mechanisms of DcR3 on rats adjuvant arthritis(AA).Methods AA was induced by complete freund s adjuvant(CFA)in rats,and the rats were injected subcutaneously with DcR3.The perimeters of rat hind soles were measured before and after the injection of CFA.The pathological changes of inflammatory knee joints were observed under optical microscope.The changes of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IFN-γ in serum and synovial liquid were detected by indirect ELISA,respectively.The DcR3,Fas,and ...厦门大学科研启动基金(Z03103

The Equivalent Propositions of the Octahedral of Triangulated Categories and Applications

由Grothendick-Verdier在上个世纪60年代提出的三角范畴的概念和建立的理论体系，标志着代数学发展的一个新的里程碑,它架设了代数与几何联系的一座桥梁。三角范畴是一个带有自同构的加法范畴，并且满足四条公理，其中的一条重要公理是八面体公理。本学位论文主要研究三角范畴定义中八面体公理的等价命题及其应用。本学位论文共分为三章。 在第一章,我们对与本文有关的研究方向及发展动态进行介绍，并阐述本文的主要工作。在第二章,我们回顾了预三角范畴,三角范畴，尤其叙述三角范畴定义中八面体公理。作为预备知识我们介绍了三角范畴的一些性质,并回顾了八面体公理的8个等价命题(TR4-1)—(TR4-8)。 ...The notion of a triangulated category was first introduced and studied by Grothendieck-Verdier in early sixties of the last century, which marks a new starting point of the development of modern algebras. A triangulated category is an addition category with an automorphism, and satisfies four axioms.One of the axioms is called the octahedral axiom and plays an important role. Our main results are ...学位：理学硕士院系专业：数学科学学院数学与应用数学系_基础数学学号：20042300

How Can Shareholders Get Commitment of CEO?Cases Study Based on the Traditional Shanxi Banks

CEO对股东的承诺对企业的生存发展意义非凡,股东如何获得CEO承诺已经成为研究者的关注重点。本文以晋商票号的股东和CEO关系为分析对象,探索股东获得CEO承诺的关键要素以及这些要素发生作用的内在机理。通过分析,本文得出晋商票号股东能够获得CEO承诺四个主要因素:基于儒家价值观与商业能力的选人标准;授予CEO充分的结构性权力;实行以股权激励为核心的全面薪酬系统;建立内外约束监督系统。在此基础上,CEO能够自我实现、获得心理授权并进行道德自律,强化了CEO的管家行为倾向,抑制了CEO的机会主义倾向,最终建立起对股东的承诺。本文的研究结论对现代中国企业股东更好地获得CEO承诺有启发意义。CEO commitment plays a very important role in the survival and development of modern enterprises and how shareholders get commitment of CEO has become a focus of researchers.On the basis of analysis of the Traditional Shanxi Banks(TSB),the paper tries to explore the key factors influencing the CEO's commitment to the shareholders and how these factors work.Through the strict textual analysis,it draws the conclusion that 4main factors are rooted:talentselecting standards based on the Confucian values and the candidates' business competence;fully structural empowerment to CEO,the comprehensive compensation system and the equity incentive and effective restraint and supervision system.On this basis,through the three paths:selfactualization,psychological empowerment and moral autonomy,CEOs strengthen their steward behavior,restrain from the opportunistic behavior and eventually establish the commitment to the shareholders.The findings of this research can provide reference for shareholders of modern enterprises to gain CEO commitment.国家自然科学基金资助项目“社会结构理论视角下CEO促进TMT行为整合机理研究”(71302070);“高管支持对ERP实施成效的作用机制研究”(71272080

中低温相变储热技术在供暖领域的研究应用

电能替代已成为国内城市供暖的主要方向,储热技术可以将谷电以热的形式储存起来并实现热能的稳定输出,从根本上解决电采暖成本过高的问题。中低温相变储热以其储热密度高、储释热过程温度恒定等优势成为研究热点。中低温相变储热材料的研究主要集中于有机石蜡类及无机水合盐类,目前已有应用案例中主要为水合盐类材料,但其仍存在循环稳定性差、导热性差、腐蚀性等问题。在对相变储热装置的实验室研究中,通过设计并联螺旋盘管、填充筛网、壳管式结构等方式可以有效改善相变材料的传热性能,但在实际工程应用中,相变储热装置内以圆管换热器及带翅片的换热器为主。目前已有案例的中低温相变储热供热系统有两种,一种是电锅炉+相变储热装置,另一种是将电加热、储热装置放置在一个结构中,两者各有优劣。相对其他几种储热技术,中低温相变储热技术具有初始投资中等、运行成本较低、限制条件较少等优点,但也存在诸多问题有待解决。研发综合性能优异的高储热密度、长循环寿命、高导热、低腐蚀、低成本的相变储热材料,优化换热器及储热装置的内部结构设计,实现强化换热仍是未来相变储热供暖领域的研究方向,实现智能调节控制、降低系统投资成本是储热供暖系统的发展方向。</p

The Construction of Antibacterial Filtration Membranes: Current Strategies and Future Prospects

Membrane-based separation technologies,as one of the most effective and efficient technologies,have been widely used in many fields including wastewater treatment,seawater desalination,electronic,chemical and pharmaceutical industries,etc. due to their inherent advantages such as energy-saving and cost-effective features. Membrane fouling,however,especially the irreversible biofouling,has strong negative effects on the operational sustainability and the cost-efficiency of membrane process, thus hampering the application of membrane technology. In this review, the formation process and features of membrane biofouling are summerized,and then recent advances of antibacterial membranes development are reviewed. Three strategies including anti-adhesion strategy,active antibacterial strategy and programmed combination antibacterial strategy are highlighted for mitigating the membrane biofouling. In particular,the preparation method,antibacterialmechanism as well as practical problems of these three strategies are comprehensively discussed and analyzed.Finally,the future prospect and newinsights are proposed to develop antibacterial membrane for future work

Distribution of the Net-Phytoplankton Community and Chlorophyll-a in the Bohai Sea in Summer and Its Impacts on Fishery Resources

Phytoplankton are the major primary producers in the ocean and play a crucial role in the marine food chain. Understanding the dynamics of the marine phytoplankton community can provide insights into the succession process and current status of marine fishery resources. Based on the net-phytoplankton samples collected from the Bohai Sea in the summer (June and August) of 2015, we studied the phytoplankton community composition, diversity, abundance, and dominant taxa in the Bohai Sea. Compared with historical data, the phytoplankton community structure in the Bohai Sea was changed markedly. The chlorophyll-a concentration had changed slightly during recent years, but was much higher than that in the 1980s and 1990s, and the regions with lower values (&lt;1.0 g/L) were much smaller than those 20 years ago. In terms of the dominant taxa, the dominance of the genera Chaetoceros and Coscίnodiscus was found to be slightly decreased, whereas the species Skeletonema costatum, which had been an important dominant species in the Bohai Sea, was not observed in the two months of summer in 2015. In contrast, Paralia sulcata and Pyrrophyta (Noctiluca scientillans in June and Ceratium tripos in August) were still dominant in the Bohai Sea, and the abundance and dominance of Achnanthes brevipes and Pseudo-nitzschia pungens was higher than those in the years before 2015. The diversity indices (Shannon diversity and species richness and evenness) of phytoplankton were at a moderate level. Such a trend was mainly caused by the significant change of the nutrient structure in the Bohai Sea. This may change the structure of the marine food chain and influence the growth and reproduction of commercial fishes and shrimps (e.g., Konosirus punctatus, Liza haematocheila, and Acetes chinensis) that feed on phytoplankton. Consequently, this will have potential impacts on fishery production and the structure and function of the ecosystem in the Bohai Sea.</p