Transcriptional Regulation of APH-1A and PEN-2, Two Key Components of γ-secretase Complex

PS/γ-分泌酶负责老年痴呆症相关蛋白β淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白（APP）、信号转导受体Notch和其他I型跨膜蛋白的剪切，其组成单位至少有四种：presenilins（PS,包括PS1和PS2）、nicastrin（NCT）、APH-1和PEN-2。尽管人们对这四种组分在蛋白质水平上的有机的相互调解作用已经有所了解，但是，关于它们的转录调控却只知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们克隆了PEN-2和APH-1A两种基因启动子区，并通过荧光素酶活性分析鉴定了这两种基因启动活性必需的最小启动子区。序列分析表明，在这些区域存在许多潜在的转录因子的结合位点。点突变和胶迁移实验揭示AP4和HIF-1结合到APH-1A...The intramembrane proteolytic cleavages of Alzheimer’s b-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and signaling receptor Notch are mediated by the PS/g-secretase complex, which comprises of presenilins (PS, including PS1 and PS2), nicastrin (NCT), APH-1 and PEN-2. Although the four components have been shown to coordinately regulate each other at the protein level, information regarding their transcription...学位：理学博士院系专业：生命科学学院生物医学科学系_细胞生物学学号：B20042602

Pattern Matching Method Based on Point Distribution for Multivariate Time Series

多元时间序列模式匹配的常用方法难以刻画序列的全局形状特征,比如,EuClId方法的鲁棒性不够强;而PCA方法不适合处理小规模多元时间序列.基于点的统计分布提出了一种能够有效刻画多元时间序列形状特征的模式匹配方法.首先,提取多元时间序列样本的局部重要点,作为模式描述的方式;然后,根据重要点的统计分布特点构建特征模式向量,并借助EuClId范数来度量两个特征模式向量之间的相似程度,进而进行多元时间序列模式匹配.采用该方法进行模式匹配,充分利用了序列的全局形状特征.实验结果表明,基于点分布特征的多元时间序列模式匹配能够有效地刻画序列的形状特征,且能处理多种规模的序列数据.Common methods for matching multivariate time series such as the Euclid method and PCA method have difficulties in taking advantage of the global shape of time series.The Euclid method is not robust, while the PCA method is not suitable to deal with the small-scale multivariate time series.This paper proposes a pattern matching method based on point distribution for multivariate time series, which is able to characterize the shape of series.Local important points of a multivariate time series and their distribution are used to construct the pattern vector.To match pattern of multivariate time series, the Euclid norm is used to measure the similarity between the pattern vectors.The global shape characteristic is used in the method to match patterns of series.The results of experiments show that it is easy to characterize the shape of multivariate time series with this method, with which various scales can be dealt with in series data.国家自然科学基金No.10771176;国家“九八五”工程二期基金No.0000-X07204---

A Hierarchical Method for Determining the Number of Clusters

确定数据集的聚类数目是聚类分析中一项基础性的难题.常用的trail-and-error方法通常依赖于特定的聚类算法,且在大型数据集上计算效率欠佳.提出一种基于层次思想的计算方法,不需要对数据集进行反复聚类,它首先扫描数据集获得CF(clusteringfeature,聚类特征)统计值,然后自底向上地生成不同层次的数据集划分,增量地构建一条关于不同层次划分的聚类质量曲线;曲线极值点所对应的划分用于估计最佳的聚类数目.另外,还提出一种新的聚类有效性指标用于衡量不同划分的聚类质量.该指标着重于簇的几何结构且独立于具体的聚类算法,能够识别噪声和复杂形状的簇.在实际数据和合成数据上的实验结果表明,新方法的性能优于新近提出的其他指标,同时大幅度提高了计算效率.A fundamental and difficult problem in cluster analysis is the determination of the "true" number of clusters in a dataset. The common trail-and-error method generally depends on certain clustering algorithms and is inefficient when processing large datasets. In this paper, a hierarchical method is proposed to get rid of repeatedly clustering on large datasets. The method firstly obtains the CF (clustering feature) via scanning the dataset and agglomerative generates the hierarchical partitions of dataset, then a curve of the clustering quality w.r.t the varying partitions is incrementally constructed. The partitions corresponding to the extremum of the curve is used to estimate the number of clusters finally. A new validity index is also presented to quantify the clustering quality, which is independent of clustering algorithm and emphasis on the geometric features of clusters, handling efficiently the noisy data and arbitrary shaped clusters. Experimental results on both real world and synthesis datasets demonstrate that the new method outperforms the recently published approaches, while the efficiency is significantly improved.Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinaunder GrantNo.10771176(国家自然科学基金);; the National 985 Project of Chinaunder GrantNo.0000-X07204(985工程二期平台基金);; the Scientific Research Foundation of Xiamen University of Chinaunder GrantNo.0630-X01117(厦门大学科研基金

Hierarchical Color Image Segmentation Using Watershed Filling and Overlap-rate Measuring

由于分水岭方法进行图像分割时经常是在梯度图像上进行,并经常产生过分割的结果,因此为克服图像过分割问题和提高分割的准确性,提出了一种基于分水岭和重叠率衡量分层融合策略的彩色图像分割新算法——HWO。该算法首先将RGB颜色空间转化到Lab颜色空间,并根据a、b维来提取统计2维直方图,同时在直方图上运用分水岭分割方法,通过对峰进行填充来得到图像的初步分割结果;然后将与填充对应的分割区域样本与高斯分布结合起来,对图像进行高斯混合模型假设下的参数估计;最后对模型与模型间进行重叠率衡量及分层区域融合,以得到最终的图像分割结果。实验中,首先采用训练图像集对算法涉及的两个参数进行确定,然后对测试图像集的分割效果和分割时间性能进行评估,评估是以标准的人工分割图像库为基准的。实验结果表明,该算法可解决过分割问题,其评估所得分准率及分全率综合衡量系数为0.609,而人工分割综合衡量系数为0.79,同时新方法的分割时间仅为传统方法的1/3,分割速度有了较大提高。Watershed segmentation based on gradient images usually has over-segmentation result.To solve over-segmentation problem,we propose a new Hierarchical image segmentation method based on Watershed filling and Overlap-rate measuring(HWO).Firstly,we transform RGB color space to Lab and statistic the histogram according to a and b dimensions.The watershed segmentation algorithm is applied to 2D histogram and the initial segmentation result is achieved.Then,we associate the segmentation region with the Gaussian distributing,and estimate the parameter value.Finally,we measure the Overlap-rate for a hierarchical region merging and get the final result.In the experiment,the two parameters are determined.We then evaluate the segmentation performance with a standard database of human segmented natural images.Results show our method can efficiently solve over-segmentation problem,and the combined value of precision and recall measures is 0.609,while is 0.79 when the segmentation is done manually.In addition,the new method also has much less computing complexity.教育部“211”计划“985”工程-2期项目(000-X07204);; 国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2006AA01Z129

Zooplanktonic diversity in the western Pacific

西太平洋区是全球海洋生物种源中心,许多类群的最高物种多样性都出现于该区域,因此,在该区开展种类多样性的研究不仅重要和必要,而且具有在跨国尺度上进行综合管理和相互合作的迫切性。本文在西太平洋的浮游动物样品鉴定分类、编目、文献资料整理和分析的基础上,记录和编入西太平洋10个浮游动物类群2,658种(含亚种),隶属于206科675属,其中水螅水母类99科251属697种,栉水母类12科22属59种,浮游软体动物14科35属86种,介形类8科89属416种,桡足类51科156属908种,糠虾类4科58属202种,磷虾类2科8属56种,十足类8科22属105种,毛颚类5科8属48种,被囊类5科26属81种。The western Pacific region has been operating as a centre for the origin of marine biodiversity: the richest diversity of many marine taxa was found in these waters.Therefore,biodiversity research and con-servation efforts in this area are necessary in order to promote the integrative and international management of this resource.The present work is a compilation of numbers of all the families,genera and species of ma-jor taxa of zooplankton known in the western Pacific Ocean(106°–150°E,0°–44°N).In all,2,658 zooplank-tonic species(including subspecies) belonging to 206 families and 675 genera have been recorded from taxonomic identifications and literature,99 families,251 genera and 697 species belong to the Medusozoa,12 families,22 genera and 59 species to the Ctenophora,14 families,35 genera and 86 species to the pelagic Molluscs(Pteropoda and Heteropoda),8 families,89 genera and 416 species to the Ostracoda,51 families,156 genera and 908 species to the Copepoda,4 families,58 genera and 202 species to the Mysidcea,2 fami-lies,8 genera and 56 species to the Euphausiacea,8 families,22 genera and 105 species to the Decapoda,5 families,8 genera and 48 species to the Chaetognatha,5 families,26 genera and 81 species to the Tunicata.908专项“中国海洋生物种类名录和图谱”(908-ZC-II-02)和908专项海洋生物样品库;科技部基础工作专项“我国和邻近西北太平洋海洋生物物种编目和分布图集编制”(2006FY220700

Effect of Simultaneous Dual-Task Training on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

東京都立大学Tokyo Metropolitan University博士（理学療法学）doctoral thesi

中国城市规模体系及其空间格局Zipf-PLE模型的评价

近30 a来,中国城市规模体系发生了重大变化,突出表现在人口城市化、用地城市化和经济城市化方面。利用GIS平台,综合城市常住人口、建成区面积和经济总量等因素构建Zipf-PLE模型,以全国县级以上城市为研究对象,对中国城市规模体系的空间格局进行了深入研究。结果显示:(1)2010年,中国城市规模体系等级健全且成熟,呈现"中间略大、底端偏小"的较为合理的金字塔格局。其中,西部地区城市规模体系结构最为合理,呈现出"底端大,顶端小"的金字塔格局;东部地区城市体系等级比较健全,中等城市最多,呈现"中间大,两端小"的金字塔格局;中部地区城市体系等级不全,超大城市缺失,呈现"中底端大,顶端小"的金字塔格局。(2)中国省域城市规模体系是合理的,中等合理以上的省份占90.32%。除直辖市外,全国27个省份中有8个省份城市规模体系趋于分散,19个省份趋于集中。(3)对全国省域城市规模体系进行合理度分区,京、沪、津、渝、新、黑、桂、陕、甘、闽、吉11省市为高合理区;粤、晋、云、湘、贵、辽、赣、苏、浙、川、冀、豫12个省(区)为较高合理区;鄂、鲁、皖为中等合理区;琼、蒙、宁为低合理省区;青、藏为不合理省(区)

Constant amplitude modulation heterodyne interferometry

Laser interferometer with picometer precision is a key technology in the space gravitational wave detection. Many interferometry strategies have been put forward for the multiple purposes in the past 10 yr. We propose a new interferometry method, called constant amplitude modulation (CAM) heterodyne interferometry. Differently, the CAMprovides an optical pilot tone (OPT) for the noise correction theme. Compared with the analog pilot tone, the OPT can record and correct more noises, such as the analog to digital converter sampling jitter, the photodetector noise and the analog front-end noise. From the discussion, the modulated depth phi(modulate) = 1.375 rad and the power ratio of the beam split n = 0.432 are the best choice for the CAM-modulated parameter. Moreover, a simulated case has been implemented for the verification of the CAM strategy. Therefore, the CAM gives us another excellent choice in the optical design of the interferometer. (c) 2022 Optica Publishing Grou