Delay-Constrained Mobile Energy Charging in Wireless Sensor Networks

为了延长无线传感网的生存期,基于可充电的移动设备,研究设计了一种无线传感网中移动式能量补充的方法,移动节点可以在为传感器节点补充能量的同时收集数; 据.首先,通过将无线传感器网络监测区域分割为大小相同的子区域,该子区域内的节点组成一个簇;其次,以一个簇内的总能量为计算依据,设计移动节点的路径; 生成算法以确定能量高效的移动路线;最后,使用10种不同的随机网络拓扑图进行了仿真实验,以节点移动速度和时延为限制条件分别得到了对比数据.结果表明; ,本文提出的算法与NJNP( nearest-job-next with preemption)算法相比在时延相同的条件下( 800; s),生存期提升了6 000 s左右,在节点速度5 m/s条件下生存期提升了将近14 000; s.证明本文所提方法有效地提高了充电效率,延长了网络的生存期,可用于大规模的无线传感器网络.In order to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor networks by using; energy-rechargeable mobile devices,this paper designs a mobile energy; replenishment method wherein a mobile element gathers data and recharges; sensors simultaneously. Firstly,the whole sensor network is divided into; several sub-regions equally and the sensors in each sub-region are; formed into a cluster. Secondly, considering the energy in a whole; cluster,the mobility path is designed to find the energy-efficient; mobile trace of the mobile element. Finally,in the simulation; experiment,we used ten different random network topologies to show the; comparisons with extensive simulation experiments under different; velocities and deadlines. The results indicate that the proposed; algorithm increases lifetime by approximately 6 000 s compared with; Nearest-Job-Next with Pre-emption( NJNP) under the deadline of 800 s.; Moreover,the proposed algorithm increases lifetime by approximately 14; 000 s compared with NJNP at velocity of 5 m/s. Thus,the proposed; algorithm can improve recharging efficiency and prolong the lifetime of; wireless sensor networks,which can be used in large-scale sensor; networks.国家自然科学基金资助项目; 福建省高等学校杰出青年科研人才培育计划资助项

Survey on Connectivity with Mobile Elements in WSNs

节点连通性是无线传感器网络研究的热点问题之一,然而由于节点能量耗尽、硬件故障以及通信链路失效等问题的存在,造成网络分割,因此如何确保网络连通成为; 无线传感器网络亟待解决的关键性问题.近年来,一个新的研究趋势是通过引入计算能力较强且能量较为充足的移动性节点来进行连通控制,提高无线传感器网络的; 整体性能.本文对目前利用移动性节点的主流连通控制方法进行了充分调研,通过对这些方法的详细分类和比较,归纳了移动式连通控制的各类方法的特点,分析了; 这些方法的性能和适用范围,总结了研究中存在的主要问题与挑战,并指出了未来可能的研究方向.The connectivity of sensors is one of the main research problems in; wireless sensor networks (WSNs).Data can be forwarded through connected; sensor nodes.However,becauseof energy depletion,hardware failure and; communication link failure,the network may be partitioned.How to; guarantee the connectivity becomes an urgent issue in wireless sensor; networks.Traditional work usually focuses on maximizing the connectivity; with minimum sensors.In recent years,a new research trend is to utilize; mobile elements for connectivity control.Since the mobile element is; more powerful than normal sensors,it improves the performance of many; aspectsin wireless sensor networks.In this paper,we makea comprehensive; investigation about the current major connectivity control methods with; mobile elements.We first summarize the characteristics of mobile; topology control methods via a new classification.Based on the; classification,these methods are compared to each other according to a; serial parameters.Finally,we analyze the performances and the; application scopes of these methods,summarize the main problems,and; point out the future research directions.国家"九七三"重点基础研究发展计划项目; 国家科技支撑计划项目; 国家自然科学基金项目; 福建省科技计划重点项目; 福建省自然科学基金计划项

Survey on Coverage Control with Mobile Elements in Wireless Sensor Networks

在无线传感器网络中,节点能量限制、硬件以及通信链路故障等问题,造成网络空洞的产生且影响了网络的正常运作,因此如何确保网络覆盖率成为传感器网络中需; 要解决的重要问题.近年来,通过引入移动节点来进行覆盖控制,提高传感器网络的覆盖率成为一个新的研究趋势.本文通过充分调研利用移动节点进行网络覆盖控; 制的方法,并对其进行了分类和比较,归纳了移动式网络覆盖的各种方法的特点,分析这些方法的性能和适用范围,总结存在的主要问题,并指出未来的研究方向.Due to the existence problems of energy depletion,hardware failure and; communication link failure and so on,which causes network holes and; affects the normal network operation. The insurance of coverage becomes; an urgent issue in wireless sensor networks. In recent years, a new; research trend is to utilize mobile nodes for coverage control, which; increases the coverage of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we; have a comprehensive investigation about the current major topology; control methods with mobile nodes,and summarize the characteristics of; mobile topology control methods via classification and comparison of; these methods. Finally,we analyze the performances and the application; scopes of these methods, summarize the main problems,and point out the; future research directions.国家自然科学基金重点项目; 国家科技支撑计划项目; 国家自然科学基金项目; 福建省科技计划重点项

福建海岸带与海岛乡土园林植物筛选及应用

在查阅文献资料和实地调查的基础上,对福建省海岸带乡土园林植物进行调查和分析;采用层次分析法构建海岸带园林植物应用筛选及综合评价体系,并据此筛选出适合福建海岸带园林建设的乡土景观植物种类。构建的海岸带园林植物应用筛选体系共有一级评价指标4个,二级评价指标13个。一级指标中权重值最高的为海岸带植物适应能力,其次是应用潜力;二级指标中耐盐碱和抗风性权重值相同且最高,其次为观赏价值和资源获取。运用评价体系筛选出综合得分较高的乔木15种,灌木和草本18种,并从应用类型和观赏特色两方面对筛选出的植物进行分析。国家重点基础研发计划(闽三角城市群生态安全保障及海岸带生态修复技术:海岸带关键脆弱区生态修复与服务功能提升与示范,2016YFC0502904)泉州市科技计划项目(2016N002,2016N07

Study on Treatment of Pinellia ternata Soaking Wastewater Using Fenton Reagent

采用Fenton试剂对半夏泡制废水进行氧化处理试验,结果表明:不同的反应温度、H2O2和FeSO4·7H2O的投加量,以及不同的反应时间条件下,Fenton试剂对半夏泡制废水的氧化处理效果不同。当反应条件控制在水温60℃、H2O2投加量50mL/L、FeSO4·7H2O投加量2.80g/L、反应时间8h时,CODCr为9155mg/L的废水,去除率达71.3%,处理效果较为理想。An experiment of Pinellia ternata soaking wastewater treatment using Fenton reagent was carried out,the results showed that effects of Fenton reagent on oxidation treatment of Pinellia ternata soaking wastewater were different under different conditions,including different temperature,reaction time,dosage of H2O2 and FeSO4·7H2O. When water temperature and reaction time were controlled at 60 ℃ and 8 h,and dosage of H2O2 and FeSO4·7H2O were controlled 50 mL/L and 2. 80 g/L,the concentration of CODCr in the wastewater was 9 155 mg/L,and the removal rate of CODCr was 71.3%,the treatment effect was perfect

中国红树植物的引种栽培状况

在对全国各主要红树林分布区实地调查的基础上，论述了全国各省区红树植物（包括半红树植物）引种栽培状况，提出了一个完整的中国红树植物（包括半红树植物）种类及分布表。针对各省区红树林造林树种单一的情况，提出了一个各省区红树植物引种栽培的优先选择树种方案

Some issues about the impacts of sea level rise on mangroves in China

海平面上升对分布在海岸交错带的红树林有着直接的影响。温度、波浪与潮汐、底质与盐度等因素控制着红树林的分布。海平面上升引起潮汐浸淹程度增加影响红树林在潮滩上的横向分布,红树林向陆地一侧迁移。在中国,海平面上升与海堤的阻隔共同威胁着红树林的生存,红树林主要分布地的小潮差增加了红树林对海平面上升的敏感性。中国红树林对海平面上升异常敏感。目前国内关于海平面上升对红树林影响的研究主要存在的问题是:缺乏从红树林群落结构角度研究海平面上升与海堤对红树林的影响,红树林地面高程变化研究薄弱,亟需建立一个红树林应对海平面上升的监测网络——地面高程水平标志层监测网络。It is universally acknowledged that global average sea level is rising and mangroves existing in coastal zones would suffer disturbance of sea level rise.Distributions of mangroves are controlled by main factors including temperature,wave,tide,substrate and salinity.Increased inundation caused by sea level rise would impact the transverse distribution of mangroves on the tidal flat,and mangroves are obliged to transgress inland.In China,sea level rise together with seawalls is threatening the survival of mangroves and small tidal range increases the susceptibility of mangroves to sea level rise.Mangroves of China are extremely sensitive to sea level rise.Presently,there exist several problems about the impacts of sea level rise on mangroves of China.(1) Little research concentrates on the impacts of sea level rise and seawalls on mangroves from the perspective of mangrove community structure.(2) Changes of mangrove ground elevation are poorly understood,which are usually compared with local rises in sea level to predict the effects of sea level rise on mangroves.(3) A monitoring network based on surface elevation table-marker horizon system is urgently needed to observe how mangroves of China respond to sea level rise.国家自然科学基金项目(41276076)资

Record of a new polycystic echinococcus,Polycystia neimonguensis sp.nov.in Inner Mongolia,China

1999年夏天在内蒙古东北部呼伦贝尔草原的一只长爪沙鼠 (Merionesunguiculatus)肝脏发现一早期的多囊棘球蚴 (polycysticechinococcus)。布满小泡囊的条状虫体其基部牢固地着生在鼠肝脏组织上 ,其余部分游离在鼠肝表面 ,经切片观察其结构系属多囊棘球蚴特征。虫体含外生泡囊 (exogenousvesicles)和内生泡囊 (endogenousvesicles)芽体。各外生泡囊是从虫体胚组织向体外生长出来 ,泡囊间的胚组织中布满PAS阳性颗粒体 (granulesbodies)和内生泡囊芽体 ,在芽体基部具有环状透明层状膜 (laminatedmenbrane)的结构 ;各外生泡囊内壁中也有颗粒和具层状膜的芽体。内蒙古的多囊棘球蚴结构与南美洲的福氏棘球绦虫 (Echinococusvogeli)的多囊棘球蚴相似但不全相同 ,兹暂定名为内蒙古多囊蚴 (Polycystianeimonguensissp nov ) ,该虫是此类人兽共患寄生虫病原在我国的首次发现。An infection of primary polycystic echinococcus was found in the liver of a gerbil,Meriones unguiculatus Milnc Edwards during a survey on the infection of alveolar echinococcus in rodents which was undertaken in 1999 at the Hulunbeier Pasture of northeastern Inner Mongolia,China Of 45 gerbil,one (2 22%) was found infected with primary polycystic echinococcus consisted of many exogenous vesicles on the whole surface of this metacestode The larval cestode situated superficially in a liver lobe of the gerbil,it was not completely surrounded by host liver tissue,it is therefore not difficult to be dissected out total without rupturing it The dissected primary polycystic echinococcus was a short conical body measuring about 7 5mm in length,3mm in width and 2 5mm in thickness Only its base portion with fibrous tissue was attached to gerbil liver tissue and closely surrounded by connective tissue of host The sections of the metacestode showed that all the exogenous vesicles have arisen directly from germinal tissue of the parasite,it happened prior to onset of exogenous proliferation The sizes of exogenous vesicles were 0 141～0 724×0 432～0 752 mm in cross section specimen The base portion of the metacestode consists of fibrous tissue,the exogenous vesicles were also found attaching to the lateral edges of the base portion From the sections of the base portion,many strong PAS positive mass were observed These germinal tissue masses were structurally similar to that observed in the alveolar metacestodes of Echinococcus sibiricensis Rausch and Schiller,1954 and Alveolaris hulunbeierensis Tang et al ,2001 (Tang et al ,2001;2002;etc ) Histochemistry study showed that the germinal tissue between exogenous vesicles and in the internal surface of exogenous vesicles walls had reticular appearances,and were filled with large number of PAS positive granules bodies measuring about 2 3μm in diameters Other spherical or conical buds of early stage endogenous vesicles with different sizes (6～16×6～8μm),and the buds enveloped by laminated membrane were also observed All the granules and small buds of early stage endogenous vesicle that either arose from or embeddedin in the internal surface of exogenous vesicles were found The general character of the polycystic echinococcus collected from the gerbil in Inner Mongolia is similar to that of Echinococcus vogeli which is the pathogen of polycystic hydatid disease and has only been reported in Central America and South America,but is distinguished from it by the structure and morphology of its primary exogenous vesicle,the primary exogenous vesicle of larval Echinococcus vogeli Rausch et Bernstein,1972 has a large plaque from which have arisen the flattened primary vesicles,prior to onset of exogenous proliferation (Rausch and D'Alessandro,1999) Since the life history of this new metacestode is not known,it is tentatively named Polycystia neimonguensis sp nov国家自然科学基金重点项目 (3 973 0 40 0