Product Innovative Method Based on Requirement Analysis and TRIZ

针对企业在大规模定制生产模式下产品创新能力不足的问题,提出了基于客户需求分析和Tr Iz的产品创新流程。该流程根据从质量功能展开(Qfd)中获取的客户需求特征,利用粗糙集方法,确定客户需求的基本重要度。基于企业对需求创新核心利益、需求类型和产品“卖点“因素的分析,确定了基本重要度的修正因子,并由此确定了客户需求的最终重要度;同时根据需求-功能-结构的映射关系,建立需求-结构的对应关系,确定了产品结构要素为创新对象;然后,通过对结构要素中创新问题的分析以及依据创新问题的特点,选择Tr Iz创新工具;最后通过实例说明方法的应用。Product innovation process based on customer requirements analysis and TRIZ was proposed to solve the problem of inadequate innovation ability in the Mass Customization mode.Firstly,considering of the features of customer requirements which were obtained by Quality Function Deployment(QFD),a method to determine the fundamental importance ratings of the customer requirement was proposed by applying some related methods of rough set theory.Based on the enterprise core interests、analysis of requirement types and selling point of product analysis,the correct factor of the fundamental importance ratings were determined.Based on a combination of the fundamental importance ratings of the customer requirements and theirs factors,the final importance ratings of the customer requirements were determined;Secondly,mapping relationship of Requirement-Structure(R-S) was constructed based on the corresponding relation of Requirement-Function-Structure(R-F-S),and then the primary innovative structure element of product was determined;Thirdly,the TRIZ innovation tool was applied by means of the analysis of the structure element innovation problem and based on the characteristics of innovation problem;Finally,a case study was provided to illustrate the application of the method.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70402013;70772093);福建省科技重大专项资助项目(2008HZ0002-1);福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项

Design of a new five-sides boring and milling head

在分析当前龙门式加工中心常用镗铣头优缺点基础上,提出一种新型五面复合镗铣头结构,介绍五面复合镗铣头传动结构,及其自动分度、自动装卸、自动换刀的工作原理和动作过程。A new structure of five-sides boring & milling head was presented based on analyzing advantages and disadvantages of boring & milling heads which are used usually in the gantry type machining center.The transmission structure of five-sides boring & milling head was introduced,and the operating principle and working process of automatic indexing,automatic loading,and automatic tool changing are given.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70772093);福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目;厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20090003

Analysis of genetic variability of Castanopsis hystrix by rbcL gene sequences

通过PCR扩增得到10个红锥品系的rbcL基因全序列,均为1.513 kb.核苷酸序列比对结果表明,在256-1 455 bp区间10个红锥品系共有16处碱基发生变异,变异率为1%,其中在306 bp和634 bp处10个红锥品系较同属对照castanopsis lucida均发生相同的变异,可以看作属内进化信息碱基.对表达的氨基酸序列进行比对分析,发现16处碱基变异共引起8处氨基酸序列变异.The rbcL gene sequences of 10 assassin of Castanopsis lucida were analyzed by PCR,and sixteen mutations in 256-1 455 bp were found,the mutation ratio was 1 %.Compared to Castanopsis lucida,between 306 bp and 634 bp,they had two characteristic mutations of their own,so it was different from Castanopsis lucida.Compared to Castanopsis lucida,8 amino acid variations were found,caused by 16 point mutations.广西林业科学研究院国家林业局中南速生材繁育重点实验室开放基金课题;; 兰州理工大学博士基金(SB08200602);; 甘肃省教育厅研究生导师基金( 0703-11)

Product modular planning considering enterprise resources configuration

为满足客户多样化需求,研究了供应商等外部资源参与企业产品平台规划的问题。首先分析了客户需求、协同供应商与产品结构复杂度、品种、批量等定制化参数之间的关系,介绍了产品定制类型量化评价指标,阐述了定制化类型与产品平台、模块化之间的内在关系。介绍了跨企业产品协同的产品平台开发过程,鉴于客户需求和供应商等企业外部因素,提出了模块化产品平台规划的方法,以及基于模糊聚类分析和复合阈值进行模块划分和方案评价的方法。最后以平面铣床跨企业产品平台设计为例,验证了上述方法的有效性。To satisfy diversified customers' requirements,the problem of suppliers and other outsourcing resources involving in product platform planning was studied.Relationships among customer requirements,collaborative suppliers and product structure complexity,variety & batch were discussed,then the evaluation indices for product customization were presented,and the inherent relationships between the type of customization,product platform and modularization were analyzed.The collaborative product platform development process cross enterprises was introduced.Considering the customer requirements,suppliers and other external factors,a planning methodology of modular product platform was put forward.The method of module partition and scheme evaluation based on fuzzy clustering and compound threshold value were discussed.Finally,an example of product platform planning of modular machine tool was given to indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70402013;70772093);福建省科技重大专项资助项目(2008HZ0002-1);福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目---

Studies on chemical constituents in ethanolic extract from Acanthus ilicifolius as a pharmaceutic mangrove

目的探讨老鼠簕的化学成分。方法将老鼠簕全株粉碎后,用95%乙醇浸提3次,合并浓缩,浸膏的石油醚部位经反复硅胶柱层析分离,结合波谱学数据鉴定化合物结构。结果从石油醚部位分离得到8个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ)、豆甾醇(Ⅱ)、正十六烷酸(Ⅲ)、正二十八烷酸(Ⅳ)、4,22-二烯-3-酮豆甾烷(stig-masta-4,22-dien-3-one)(Ⅴ)、4-烯-3-酮豆甾烷(stigmast-4-en-3-one)(Ⅵ)、5,22-二烯-7-酮-3β-羟基豆甾烷(3β-hydroxystigmasta-5,22-dien-7-one)(Ⅶ)、2-唑啉酮(2-benzoxazolinone)(Ⅷ)。结论其中Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ为首次从该植物中分离得到。Objective To study the chemical constituents of Acanthus ilicifolius.Methods The air-dried and powdered plant material was extracted with 95% ethanol.Silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromotography were used in the isolation from the ethanol extracts of the whole plant,the compounds were determined on the basis of various modern spectroscopic analyses and physical constants.Results Eight compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether soluble portion,identified as β-sitosterol(Ⅰ),stigmasterol(Ⅱ),n-hexadecane acid(Ⅲ),n-octacosanic acid(Ⅳ),stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one(Ⅴ),stigmasta-4-en-3-one(Ⅵ),3β-hydroxystigmasta-5,22-dien-7-one(Ⅶ) and 2-benzoxazolinone(Ⅷ).Conclusion CompoundⅤ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ were obtained from the genus for the first time.国家自然科学基金(30671646);; 福建省科技计划资助项目(2003Y036

一维平推流反应器动态模型的新型求解方法

目前对一维平推流反应器动态模型求解时,常将反应体系中气体的体积流量假设为恒定参数。由于实际过程中气体的体积流量会随着温度等相关参数的改变而不断变化,该假设会对模拟结果带来一定的误差。本文针对此问题提出一种新的求解方法:首先通过有限差分法将动态模型中的空间和时间变量均离散化得到相应的代数方程组,再结合气体状态方程,推导出浓度关于气体摩尔流量和温度的函数,然后联立方程组进行求解;此方法有效克服了动态模拟中由于气体的体积流量变化而导致模型方程难以求解的困难。将所提出的方法应用于丙酮气相裂解生成乙烯酮过程的动态模拟,并将所得到的模拟结果与线上法动态模拟的结果进行比较,结果表明所提出的求解方法得到的模拟结果更加精确。国家自然科学基金面上项目（21576228

ONLINE OBSERVATION FOR UNMEASURABLE INPUTS IN FCCU RISER

［中文文摘］在非线性系统观测理论基础上给出满足一定条件的不可测输入可观性的简化充分性条件 ,在此基础上分析催化裂化提升管反应器 (FCCU)不可测输入的可观测条件 ,提出一更为有效的观测方案 ,给出仿真结果和工业运行结果．［英文文摘］On-line optimizing control of FCCU has been considered as a very important work.Although there have been so many studies on this topic but the practical application results are not so ideal.This is due to essentially th at the process is very complicated so there exist some key input variables which affect the reaction and cannot be measured online.This is the bottleneck of optimization. This paper discusses the problem of on-line observation of unmeasurable variables in nonlinear systems such as FCCU1Based on the theory of nonlinear observers, a simplified sufficient conditon under certain conditons is presented to confirm the observability of the unmeasurable inputs in these systems1Based on it , the observable condition for the unmeasurable inputs in the riser of FCCU is discussed and a more available on2line observation method for these variables isput forward1Simulation results and industrial running results are also given

Study of hydrodynamics and its impact on mariculture carrying capacity of Sanggou Bay:observation and modeling

主要介绍了从动力学研究桑沟湾养殖容量的主要思路、方法及结果。研究以精细过程观测为基础,以数值模型为手段,从物理海洋学角度考察养殖海区水动力特征,研究水动力对物质循环的影响、对颗粒态/溶解态营养物质的补充和对养殖生物量的影响,探寻不同养殖模式效果的技术路线;介绍了两个航次设计方案与目的。通过观测发现养殖对水动力垂直结构有很大影响,底层流速最大并滞后表层,发现弱动力条件下海底颗粒物和营养盐无法进入水体上层的事实。据此提出双边界层动力模型,建立一维数值模型进行机制探讨,将养殖阻力三维化建立水动力数值模型,定量给出养殖对水动力和水交换的阻碍;以此驱动三维养殖生态模型,充分考虑养殖对水动力的影响、水动力对生源要素的输运。建立了一个真正的物理-生物过程耦合模型。利用该模型进行的数值模拟和实验表明,贝藻兼养多元养殖是健康、高效养殖的有利措施;桑沟湾在现有养殖模式下,目前已基本达到了它的养殖容量,养殖品种分布不变,减少养殖密度至目前的0.9倍会略微提高产量,降低成本;减少湾口海带养殖密度,会大幅度提高贝藻兼养区的营养盐总量和养殖生物产量,从海带与贝类经济价值对比会有更高的效益。人为提高水动力混合或许是解决湾内营养盐缺乏的途径。The background and themes of dynamic study on mariculture carrying capacity of Sanggou Bay were described.The method used for this study was based on the fine processes observation,using physical oceanography theory and numerical model to examine the interaction between mariculture and hydrodynamics in Sanggou Bay.Design proposal and purposes for two cruises were introduced.Based on the observation we found that the kelp and the raft influenced the current vertical structure greatly,and the maximum velocity was at the lower layer with strong phase delay.It was also found that the damped current was too weak to mix the sediment detritus and nutrients into the upper layer.Based on these discoveries a double drag-boundary hydrodynamic model was proposed by adding the aquaculture drag at surface.The mechanism of kelp influence on the current profile was studied numerically by a one-dimension model.Considering the kelp drag in the water column besides the boundary drag,a three-dimension hydrodynamic model was adopted to quantify the influence of the aquaculture on hydrodynamics and water exchange of Sanggou Bay.A physical-biological coupled aquaculture ecosystem model was established using DIN,POM concentration and phytoplankton with kelp biomass as variable.The simulation and numerical experiments showed that polyculture was a useful method for healthy and high-efficiency aquaculture.Sanggou Bay has nearly reached its capacity under present aquaculture mode.By cutting down aquaculture density to 0.9 fold of the present density,the total production of kelp will slightly increase and the cost will be reduced.Cutting down the kelp density at the mouth of the bay could greatly enhance the amount of nutrients and biomass in the kelp-bivalve-culture area in the inner side.Artificial mixing might bring more nutrients from seabed in the bay.国家基础研究规划重点项目(2006CB400602);国家重点基金项目(40830854)共同资

Polymorphism of Fatty Acid of Ralstonia solanacearum in Fujian Province

【目的】利用气相色谱技术检测福建省的40株青枯雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)菌株细胞内的脂肪酸,分析其脂肪酸分布的多态性;研究青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸多态性与青枯雷尔氏菌现有种下分化方法之间的关系。【方法】对40株青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸进行气相色谱分析,比较同一寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌和不同寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸的分布;对40株青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸进行聚类分析,分析聚成的各类青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸的特点以及脂肪酸多态性与其生理小种、生化型和致病性之间的关系。【结果】同一寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌和不同寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌,其脂肪酸都存在着明显的多态性;对40株青枯雷尔氏菌的脂肪酸进行聚类分析,可以聚成3类,即groupⅠ、groupⅡ和groupⅢ;青枯雷尔氏菌生理小种1存在着不同的脂肪酸类群,青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸多态性与其生化型之间不存在相关性,但是脂肪酸和致病性之间存在一定的相关性:groupⅠ为无致病性菌株,groupⅡ为过渡性菌株,groupⅢ为强致病性菌株。【结论】福建省青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸分布存在着明显的多态性;青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸多态性与致病性之间存在一定的相关性,脂肪酸有望成为青枯雷尔氏菌小种鉴定的新指标。【Objective】The fatty acids of 40 strains of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from different hosts in the fields in Fujian Province were detected by gas chromatography (GC). The polymorphism of R. solanacearum fatty acids relating to the pathogenicity was observed. 【Method】 The MIDI system and cluster analysis were introduced in analyzing fatty acids to display the relations among the polymorphism, race, biovartype and pathogenicity. 【Result】 The results showed that the patterns of fatty acids were significant different in R. solanacearum strains both isolated from the different hosts and the different body parts of the same hosts. According to the fatty acids the strains were clustered into three groups, e.g. group Ⅰ relating to the strains with non-pathogenicity, group Ⅱ in which the strain pathogenicity was changeable with some virulent and avirulent ones, and group Ⅲ respondent to high pathogenicity. It was proved that the model of fatty acids has no relations to races and biovartypes in R. solanacearum. 【Conclusion】It is the fist time to describe the polymorphism of fatty acids in R. solanacearum in this paper. The pathogenicity could be grouped by the models of fatty acids to distinguish the pathogenicity, which could be used in the identification of R. solanacearum under species differentiation.国家“863”项目(2002AA244031);; 福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2003.J046

Fingerprint analysis on methyl fatty acid and its applications in microbial study

脂肪酸甲酯谱图分析方法(Fatty Acid Methyl Ester,FAME)是鉴于脂肪酸可作为生物标记物而发展起来的分析技术。本文介绍了FAME谱图分析方法及其在微生物学领域的应用,包括在微生物检测、鉴定和微生物多样性研究中的应用。Fatty acid is an important biomarker.Its application in biology research has become increasingly popular.The method of FAME fingerprint analysis is based on fatty acid's utilization as a biomarker.This paper describes the FAME fingerprint analysis and its applications for microbial studies,including identification of unknown microbes and assessment of microbial diversity.国家863计划项目(2006AA10A211);; 福建省发展和改革委员会重点项目[闽农产(2006)10号];; 福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2003.J046