Preparation and in vitro evaluation of chitosan microspheres containing matrine

目的:以壳聚糖为囊材制备苦参碱结肠靶向给药微球及评价其体外释药情况。方法:用乳化化学交联法制备微球,以微球的粒径分布百分数、载药量及包封率为优化指标对影响微球制备的主要因素用正交试验设计优化制备条件;并对最佳制备工艺制得的微球进行3种不同递质(人工胃液、人工肠液及大鼠结肠液)中的体外释放度评价。结果:制得的苦参碱壳聚糖微球在电镜下,球形表面圆整,粒径分布适宜,微球平均粒径为(68.3±2.7)μm,平均载药量为(16.0±0.5)%,平均包封率为(66.3±4.2)%。苦参碱壳聚糖微球在人工胃液中2h不释药;在人工肠液中4h内释放不到1%,96h释药不到10%;在含大鼠结肠内容物的磷酸盐缓冲液(pH6.8)中4h释放10%左右,36h释药近50%,此后释药趋于缓慢,96h释药近80%。结论:苦参碱壳聚糖微球几乎不在上消化道释药,而是在结肠靶向释药。OBJECTIVE To preparate the chitosan microspheres containing matrine for the colon-specific drug delivery and evaluate its release in vitro.METHODS The chitosan microspheres containing matrine were prepared by emulsion-chemical crosslink technique.The better preparation procedure with respect to particles size distribution,embedding rate and drug loading were optimized by the orthogonal experimental design.In-vitro drug release were carried out in the artificial gastric,artificial intestinal and the phosphate buffered saline(pH(6.8)) containing rat colon contents.RESULTS The chitosan microspheres containing matrine was shown to have good spherical geometry,a smooth surface and suitable size distribution under scanning electron micrographs.Average diameter of microspheres was((68.3)±(2.7))μm,drug loading was((16.0)±(0.5))%,embedding rate ((66.3)±(4.2))%.Little release and a little release of matrine from the microspheres were observed in the artificial gastric juice and in the artificial intestinal juice,respectively.However,the release of matrine was markedly increased in the phosphate buffered saline(pH(6.8)) containing rat colon contents,which was near to 10%,50% and 80% at 4 h,36 h and 96 h,respectively.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the chitosan microspheres containing matrine may be useful a dosage form for colon-specific drug delivery.甘肃省自然科学基金(编号ZS0001-A23-073-Y

Observation results by the TAMA300 detector on gravitational wave bursts from stellar-core collapses

We present data-analysis schemes and results of observations with the TAMA300 gravitational-wave detector, targeting burst signals from stellar-core collapse events. In analyses for burst gravitational waves, the detection and fake-reduction schemes are different from well-investigated ones for a chirp-wave analysis, because precise waveform templates are not available. We used an excess-power filter for the extraction of gravitational-wave candidates, and developed two methods for the reduction of fake events caused by non-stationary noises of the detector. These analysis schemes were applied to real data from the TAMA300 interferometric gravitational wave detector. As a result, fake events were reduced by a factor of about 1000 in the best cases. The resultant event candidates were interpreted from an astronomical viewpoint. We set an upper limit of 2.2x10^3 events/sec on the burst gravitational-wave event rate in our Galaxy with a confidence level of 90%. This work sets a milestone and prospects on the search for burst gravitational waves, by establishing an analysis scheme for the observation data from an interferometric gravitational wave detector

IVR（画像下治療）介助の標準化を目指した血管造影室の業務改善

conference pape

液体クロマトグラフ質量分析計(NanoFrontier eLD)の紹介《forum in FORUM》

textapplication/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

橈骨遠位端骨折治療における上肢外固定は，同側肩関節位置感覚に影響する

日常の骨折診療において外固定期間を要するため骨折部の隣接関節の拘縮を経験することが多い．しかし，その傾向やリスクは明らかではない．橈骨遠位端骨折が同側の肩関節位置感覚に与える影響を調査し，骨折外固定治療が同側隣接関節の位置感覚に与える影響と拘縮の関連を検討する．対象は，当院へ受診され橈骨遠位端骨折と診断された女性患者6名とした．受傷時から手術まで手関節のシーネ固定と肩関節までの三角筋固定をした．手術は，全例観血的整復固定術を施行した．術後は，三角布とシーネ固定をした．受傷して平均16.4日に位置感覚と肩関節可動域を測定した．結果は，橈骨遠位端骨折後の患肢肩関節位置感覚は健側に比較し外旋30，45度における誤認角度が大きかった．また，同様に外旋方向の拘縮を認めた．肩関節内旋位で固定した結果として肩関節内旋筋（肩甲下筋）に，Proskeらのflexors are contracted （conditioning flexed）と同様の状態となり位置感覚に影響を与えていると考えられた

Comments on the "Matsuoka family's documents (Koda, Yatsushiro,Higo Province)"

松岡家は、中世より肥後国八代（現熊本県八代市）において活躍してきた名望家である。2009年 4月から琉球大学近世史ゼミナールのメンバーを中心に同家が所蔵する古文書の整理が始まり、同家の文書群を「肥後国八代郡高田手永松岡家文書」と名づけた。総計 364点の文書は、近世（藩政、土地、商業・金融、家・私信）と近代（家、私信、写真、書籍・短歌）に分類できる。全体の 67%を近代文書が占め、そのなかでは書籍・短歌がもっとも点数が多い。紀要論文http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_650

Temporal Changes in Estradiol and Follicular Stimulating Hormone due to Oral Tamoxifen in Premenopausal Patients with Breast Cancer: Examination of 20 Cases over Approximately 2 Years

application/pdfTAMによる卵巣過剰刺激作用はかねてより問題となっているが，性腺系への作用，経時的変化の実態は明らかになっていない．初発の乳がん患者において術前から術後TAM内服22か月までのホルモン値を測定し，高エストロゲン血症の発症頻度を含む経時的変化を明らかにした．乳腺外科クリニックにて，同意の得られた閉経前ホルモン感受性陽性乳がん患者に対し，術前から術後（4,10,16,22か月）の定期フォロー時エストラジオール（E2），性腺刺激ホルモン（LH，FSH）を測定した．20例の平均年齢は44.9±2.81(40-50)歳であった．術前の月経は19例で順調であり，LH高値のPCOを疑わせる月経不順の1例のみ術前高E2（>400pg/ml）を示した．術後の総測定回数は78回で，そのうち18回（12例）で高E2がみられた．３か月間無月経でも異常高値をみるものが２例あった．今回の検討症例は40代の症例がほとんどであったにもかかわらず，高エストロゲン血症の発生頻度が今まで報告されてきたより多く，患者の年齢により高エストロゲン血症の発症頻度がかわることはなかった．年齢は少なくとも独立した因子ではなく，卵巣の予備能や環境因子の影響が大きいと考える．予想以上に多くの症例でE2は高値を示すことがわかったが，持続して高値を示すことは多くないこともわかった．内膜への影響の報告もあり，TAM治療の際には乳腺外科と婦人科の連携が必須である． 　Adjuvant hormone therapy for hormone-sensitive breast cancer has established the efficacy of tamoxifen (TAM). TAM is widely used in premenopausal patients. In the present study, hormone levels were measured beginning preoperatively to 22 months after oral administration of TAM in patients with first-episode breast cancer. Changes over time, including the frequency of hyperestrogenism, were evaluated. With patient consent, estradiol (E2) and gonadotropin (luteinizing hormone [LH], follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]) levels were measured at regular follow-up at 4, 10, 16, and 22 months in premenopausal, hormone-sensitive, positive breast cancer patients treated at a Breast Surgery Clinic. The mean age of 20 patients was 44.9 ± 2.81 (40-50) years. Preoperative menstruation was regular in 19 patients. Only one patient with high LH and suspected polycystic ovary syndrome had high preoperative E2 (>400 pg/mL). The total number of postoperative measurements was 72. Of these, 18 (12 cases) showed high E2.　There were two cases in which abnormally high values were observed even after amenorrhea for 3 months. Most of the patients in this study were in their 40s. However, the frequency of hyperestrogenism was higher than previously reported, and the frequency of hyperestrogenism did not change with patient age.　Age was at least not an independent factor. However, ovarian reserve and environmental factors are believed to have significant impacts. E2 was high in more cases than expected, but was not often persistently high. Effects on the endometrium have been reported, and breast surgery and gynecological cooperation are essential for TAM treatment.departmental bulletin pape

Research on Popular Media in Wartime Japan

第三期共同研究活動報