北陸東山地域のそば在来種の収集

Japanese buckwheat cultivars have been developed and acclimatized as agroecotypes. However, they have little wide adaptability. When we try to improve agricultural traits of buckwheat, landraces are very important genetic resource for breeding because they have many useful characteristics such as lodging resistance, shattering resistance, moisture tolerance and various agroecotypes. So exploration missions were undertaken in Hokuriku and Tosan regions to collect buckwheat genetic resources in 1992 and 1994. We had some informations that several landraces are still grown in regions. It was very difficult to collect landraces during the firtst mission in 1992 because most farmers had changed from growing landraces for improved cultivars. We could collect only four landraces and two old inproved cultivars. It seemed that seed shape and flowering period of old cultivars reflected the environments where they grow. In the second mission in 1994, we collected eight landraces and four old improved cultivars. We found a summer landrace and a large seeded type landrace. Collection of old improved cultivars is important to improve buckwheat because, outcrossing crops such as buckwheat have wide genetic variations in themselves

Predictive Factor of Urinary Continence after Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy

We examined the postoperative urinary continence rate, and preoperative and postoperative factors predicting postoperative urinary continence for patients who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) at our hospital. In all, 122 patients who received RARP were retrospectively analyzed. All patients answered a questionnaire to evaluate the urinary condition and also had a follow-up period of 6 months or longer after surgery. We defined urinary continence to be the use of 1 pad per day or less, including a safety pad. Membranous urethral length (MUL) was measured using sagittal sections of T1-weighted MRI. Postoperative urinary incontinence rates were 48.7, 72.4, 82.6 and 86.8% at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery, respectively. MUL was a significant predictive factor of urinary continence at 6 months after surgery (p<0.01). We examined the factors predicting the urinary continence recovery at 6 months after surgery, including only patients who did not obtain urinary continence at 1 month after surgery. Two factors, MUL of 11 mm or longer and two pads per day at 1 month after surgery, were significant predictive factors of urinary continence recovery at 6 months after surgery (P=0.02, P=0.04). Patients who had a long MUL could easily obtain urinary continence after RARP compared to those with a short MUL. Most patients with a long MUL and with use of 2 pads per day at 1 month after surgery could obtain urinary continence at 6 months after surgery, even if they had urinary incontinence at 1 month after surgery

Comparative double-blind trial of KN-7 tablet and Robaveron injection in the treatment of neurogenic bladder

37施設で, 神経因性膀胱233例を対象に, ロバベロン注射剤を標準薬とし, KN-7錠剤の経口投与による排尿障害に対する有用性を, 二重盲検群間比較試験で比較検討した.解析対象例はKN-7群108例, ロバベロン群107例である.KN-7群は1日6錠投与した.改善度の効果判定では改善以上K群40.7%, R群38.7%, やゝ改善以上それぞれ76.9%, 72.6%と有意差はなかった.臨床所見中改善の良かった項目は, 尿意, 残尿感, 尿失禁, 排尿までの時間, 排尿時間, 尿勢-排尿力と尿線中断の改善などで, これらの改善以上はK群35.8%, R群30.8%で, 有意差はなかった.副作用はK群0.9%, R群6.8%, K群が有意に少なかった.両剤とも主として下痢で, R群ではその他頭痛, 頻脈, 肝機能障害, 発熱感などを少数例認めた.臨床検査値ではGOT, GPTの上昇が2例あった.有用度有用以上はK群46.3%, R群45.8%で有意差はなかった.疾患別では, 末梢神経疾患, 膀胱の性状では弛緩性, 時期では12ヵ月以内の例で特に改善率が高かった.以上から, KN-7錠剤は, ロバベロン注射剤に比べ, 同等の効果が期待でき, 安全性も高く, 長期投与あるいは外来患者の治療にも適するThe clinical effectiveness, safety and usefulness of KN-7 tablet as a new oral application of the prostatic extract, on urinary dysfunction of neurogenic bladder were compared with those of Robaveron injection by the double-blind test method. In the study, 2 tablets t.i.d. and a shot of intramuscular injection 1 ml a day were given successively for 3 weeks. A total of 233 cases were reported from 37 facilities belonging to the KN-7 Clinical Research Group. Some of them were excluded or dropped out. The number of cases used for analysing the effectiveness, safety and usefulness were 214, 232 and 215, respectively. There was no bias between the two groups with a significant homogeneity in the background. In the overall clinical effectiveness, the effective rate including excellent, moderate and slightly effective was 76.9% with KN-7 and 77.4% with Robaveron. In the clinical usefulness, the rate of usefulness of slightly useful or above was 75.0% with KN-7 and 75.7% with Robaveron. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the clinical effective and useful rates at a significant level of 5%. Side effects were observed in 1 of the 114 (0.9%) patients given KN-7 and 8 of the 118 (6.8%) patients given Robaveron. The incidence of adverse reactions with KN-7 was significantly lower than that with Robaveron. Based on the results, it was concluded that KN-7 tablets, 2 tablets t.i.d., would be as effective and useful as a Robaveron injection 1 ml daily and safer than the latter in the treatment of neurogenic bladder

High-spin Level Structures of the N=81 Near-spherical Nuclei 141Nd and 142Pm

本论文首先介绍了原子核高自旋态研究的一般概况以及其物理解释的基本理论，然后介绍了在束Y谱学及其实验技术。在此基础上分析和讨论了141Nd和142Pm核的高自旋态实验研究。利用能量为75-95 Mevl0F束流，通过反应128Te（19F，5ny)142Pm研究了双奇核142Pm的高自旋态能级结构。实验中进行了丫射线激发函数和Y-Y符合测量。建立了限Pm核高自旋态能级纲图，位于前人建议的一个2毫秒、8-同质异能态之上。由测量的丫射线激发函数和Y一Y符合关系，澄清了一个67微秒同质异能态及其衰变混乱的指定，本论文把67微秒同质异能态及其衰变指定给了142Pm，建议此同质异能态的激发能为2828.5 keV，推断此同质异能态的自旋宇称为13-。在本实验研究的同时，有人利用133Cs（13C，4n）142Pm反应报道了一个建立在2毫秒、8-同质异能态之上的142P亩高自旋态能级纲图；除了相应Y跃迁的多极性有较大差别外，他们报道的瞬Pm高自旋态能级纲图与我们建立在67微秒同质异能态上的基本一致。根据能级结构的系统性，识别了四个两准粒子态，一个为g7/2质子空穴耦合h11／2中子空穴激发，另外三个是h11／2质子藕合h11／2中子空穴多重态成员。根据经验壳模型计算建议了几个新建的关键能级的组态。67微秒同质异能态的组态被建议为一个四空穴态（πg_(7/2)~(-1)d_(5/2)~(-2)vh_(11/2)~(-1)）_(13)-。通过130Te（16O，5nγ）141Nd反应布居了14tNd的高自旋态能级。对反应产生的在束丫射线进行了γ射线单谱和γ-γ符合测量。基于γ-γ符合关系，对原来的141Nd的高自旋态能级纲图做了很大修改，建立了14lNd核高自旋态能级纲图。新观察到了一个由八条γ射线组成的长E2级联跃迁，并指定给了141Nd。基于实验测量的γ跃迁各向异性，建议了141Nd部分能级的自旋值。根据经验壳模型和粒子震动祸合理论，用一个h11／2价中子空穴祸合142Nd核芯晕态激发定性地解释141Nd的能级结构，新发现的长E2级联跃迁很可能涉及两个hu/2质子激发