美国存款保险制度的最新改革动向及其借鉴

1914年美国联邦储备银行建立之际,美国的金融体系正处于历史性变革的关头。75年后,美国的金融体系再次面临剧烈的变革。表现在75年来对美国金融业的稳定起着举足轻重作用的存款保险制度由于70年代以来开始的金融创新和金融管理体制改革而陷入困境,不能很好地适应新情况的需要,迫切需要进行深刻的改革。为此,布什总统于1989年8月签署了“金融机构改革、复兴和实施法”(Financial Institutions Reform

Regulation of the cardiac delayed rectifier K^+ channel by membrane PIP_2 and its physiological significance

科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書研究種目: 基盤研究(C)研究期間: 2003～2004課題番号: 15590184研究代表者: 松浦 博（滋賀医科大学・医学部・教授）研究分担者: 林 維光（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手）研究分担者: 豊田 太（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手

Properties and role of the delayed rectifier K^+ current in the pacemaker activity

科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書研究種目: 基盤研究(C)研究期間: 1999～2000課題番号: 11670040研究代表者: 松浦 博（滋賀医科大学・医学部・教授）研究分担者: 尾松 万里子（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助教授）研究分担者: 林 維光（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手

Regulation of the cardiac delayed rectifier K^+ channel by membrane phosphoinositides

科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書研究種目: 基盤研究(C)研究期間: 2001～2002課題番号: 13670042研究代表者: 松浦 博（滋賀医科大学・医学部・教授）研究分担者: 林 維光（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手）研究分担者: 豊田 太（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手

Molecular basis for the regulation of the cardiac delayed rectifier K^+ channel by membrane PIP_2

科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書研究種目: 基盤研究(C)研究期間: 2005～2006課題番号: 17590185研究代表者: 松浦 博（滋賀医科大学・医学部・教授）研究分担者: 林 維光（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手）研究分担者: 豊田 太（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手

Study on the Analysis of PBDEs Residues in Food by Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

建立了食品中8种多溴联苯醚(PbdES)残留的气相色谱-串联质谱分析方法,初步解析了PbdES的电子轰击串联质谱(EI MS/MS)图,为各种目标物的准确定性分析提供依据。以bdE-28、bdE-47、bdE-66、bdE-85、bdE-99、bdE-100、bdE-153、bdE-154为研究对象,对EIMS/MS各分析参数进行了优化。用超声提取-酸性硅胶层析柱净化的前处理方法制备样品,当空白样品的加标水平为10.0、25.0μg/kg时,8种PbdES的平均加标回收率为82%--112%,相对标准偏差为3.1%--15%,方法检出限均低于1.5μg/kg;8种PbdES的线性范围为10.0--500μg/kg,相关系数均大于0.994 7。A gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method was developed for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs) residues,including BDE-28,BDE-47,BDE-66,BDE-85,BDE-99,BDE-100,BDE-153 and BDE-154 in food sample.The electron ionization mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry(EI MS/MS) spectra of PBDEs were analyzed.Experimental parameters influencing the behaviour of compounds in the mode of EI MS/MS were investigated and optimized.The sample was extracted with hexane-acetone by ultrasonic assisted extraction and cleaned-up with silica and acidic silica.Under the optimal conditions,the method detection limit(MDL) was lower than 1.5 μg/kg,the average recoveries of 8 PBDEs from spiked samples at two fortification levels of 10.0 and 25.0 μg/kg varied from 82% to 112% with relative standard deviations(RSDs) of 3.1%-15%.The calibration curves of all PBDEs showed good linearities in the range of 10.0-500 μg/kg with correlation coefficients more than 0.994 7.The result indicated that the proposed method had great potential in the analysis of PBDEs residues in food.国家基础科学人才培养基金资助项目(J0630429);山东省科技发展计划资助项目(2009GG20001021-9

世界的流行性感染症拡大時における柔道実技授業の取り組みについて

2020 年に世界的流行性感染症の拡大に伴い，教育機関はこれまでにない対応を迫られた．座学はもとより，実技の授業においても非対面式が部分採用され，運営方法について大きな工夫の必要性が求められた．本稿では，2020年に感染症予防に留意した新しい授業様式について，模索した報告を行う．非対面式および対面式においてもこれまでとは異なる形で授業が行われ，指導する立場として，今後も同様の対応を迫られる状況になった際の課題についても検討を行った

Identification of Verapamil Binding Sites Within Human Kv1.5 Channel Using Mutagenesis and Docking Simulation.

BACKGROUND/AIMS:The phenylalkylamine class of L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist verapamil prolongs the effective refractory period (ERP) of human atrium, which appears to contribute to the efficacy of verapamil in preventing reentrant-based atrial arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation. This study was designed to investigate the molecular and electrophysiological mechanism underlying the action of verapamil on human Kv1.5 (hKv1.5) channel that determines action potential duration and ERP in human atrium.METHODS:Site-directed mutagenesis created 10 single-point mutations within pore region of hKv1.5 channel. Wholecell patch-clamp method investigated the effect of verapamil on wild-type and mutant hKv1.5 channels heterologously expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Docking simulation was conducted using open-state homology model of hKv1.5 channel pore.RESULTS:Verapamil preferentially blocked hKv1.5 channel in its open state with IC50 of 2.4±0.6 μM (n = 6). The blocking effect of verapamil was significantly attenuated in T479A, T480A, I502A, V505A, I508A, L510A, V512A and V516A mutants, compared with wild-type hKv1.5 channel. Computer docking simulation predicted that verapamil is positioned within central cavity of channel pore and has contact with Thr479, Thr480, Val505, Ile508, Ala509, Val512, Pro513 and Val516.CONCLUSION:Verapamil acts as an open-channel blocker of hKv1.5 channel, presumably due to direct binding to specific amino acids within pore region of hKv1.5 channel, such as Thr479, Thr480, Val505, Ile508, Val512 and Val516. This blocking effect of verapamil on hKv1.5 channel appears to contribute at least partly to prolongation of atrial ERP and resultant antiarrhythmic action on atrial fibrillation in humans

Freedom in Margaret Atwood's novel The Handmaid's Tale

The two different eras in The Handmaid’s Tale can be seen and framed in terms of two opposing types of freedom that Isaiah Berlin proposed, i.e. negative and positive freedom. While one may automatically contend that the situation in the dystopian setting of the Gileadean era is worse than the pre-Gileadean, it is necessary for readers to study closely if this is the case. The individual freedom to choose during the pre-Gileadean era indicates that this freedom pertains mostly to an individual’s desire as opposed to the society at large. During the Gileadean era, on the other hand, freedom is seen as a form of collective decision, to curb individual desires to achieve 'true' freedom, as aspired to by the rigid, moral, social rules and regulations of a good citizen. Read in relation to Berlin’s idea of freedom, the results show the contrary, that the pre-Gileadean era practises negative freedom while during the Gileadean era positive freedom is exercised. This is an alarming result, especially when individual freedom seems to be valorised and upheld in a modern, pre-Gileadean society, while individual freedom is totally curbed in the traditional society of the Gileadean era. However, it is fair to conclude that Atwood is not in favour of one freedom type over the other because freedom may be viewed as being on a continuum, where there is a middle ground with a fair mix of negative and positive freedom, because one cannot exist without the other