中国海龟受威胁现状和保护建议

卫星定位追踪是目前公认的研究大型海洋生物生活习性最有效的方法之一。本文通过收集整理我国至今卫星定位追踪的59只绿海龟(Chelonia mydas)和1只蠵龟(Caretta caretta),其中包括作者未发表的定位追踪数据,辅以检索分析近年来在我国沿岸发现的海龟新闻报道,应用Arc GIS软件将海龟活动区域图示化。结果显示,这些海龟活动区域与人类活动范围高度重合。同时通过与各利益相关方的交流,归纳总结出我国海龟生存面临的6个主要威胁,包括栖息地衰退和产卵群体数量下降、渔业与航运干扰、非法贸易、水族馆和海洋馆的高需求以及饲养环境的不理想、海洋垃圾和污染以及气候变化。我国在海龟保护方面开展了一些工作,包括建立了一个国家级海龟自然保护区,开展了对目前产卵数量最多的绿海龟产卵场(西沙群岛)连续4年的常规监测,出台了一系列国家级和省级的法律法规等,但也存在许多不足之处。就此,我们提出了加强海龟栖息地保护、打击非法贸易、提升科研水平、设立数据共享平台、推动国际合作等9项政策建议,以期更好地保护海龟。农业农村部渔业渔政管理局(171821301354051007)北京市朝阳区永续全球环境研究所海龟保护项目(2018)国家海洋局项目(220203993022761133

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies