国外科技基础设施科技政策特点和制定流程分析

为探索如何最大限度地发挥战略规划的效用,通过分析国外科技基础设施战略规划在编制目的、范围和过程方面所表现出的特点与不足之处,对我国重大科技基础设施战略规划的制定提出思考和建议。</p

Financial Flexibility,Product Market Competition and Capital Structure

以2001-2014年中国A股上市公司为样本,将财务灵活性价值和产品市场竞争状况纳入资本结构的分析框架进行研究。结果表明:在其他条件不变的情况下,财务灵活性价值越高,公司的财务杠杆越小;除了掠夺风险与市场杠杆之间的关系不显著之外,产品市场竞争与财务杠杆正相关;由于受到严格的监管,公司在中国资本市场上的股权融资难以实现,产品市场竞争所引致的融资需求会减弱财务灵活性价值对资本结构的负向作用。This paper uses the A shares of listed companies for the period 2001-2014 to estimate and compare the value of financial flexibility. We use three different measures of product market competition:predation risk, HHI and the number of listed companies,then we analyzes the effect of financial flexibility and product market competition on capital structure of Chinese listed companies. The conclusions show that, ceteris paribus, the capital structure negatively related to the value of financial flexibility. Subjected to the supervision of CSRC, except for predation risk shows no significant effect on market leverage,other results show that the leverage of listed companies increase with the strength of product market competition;the effect of the value of financial flexibility on the capital structure is weakened by product market competition.国家自然科学基金项目(71472160);; 教育部人文社会科学规划项目(20120121110041

Examination on the biochemical composition of six pelagic fishes in Minnan Taiwan bank fishing ground

检测了闽南 -台湾浅滩渔场六种主要中上层鱼类 (蓝圆、金色小沙丁鱼、鲐鱼、颌圆、竹鱼、羽鳃鲐 )鱼肌的生化组成 ,蛋白质含量为 16 .94%～ 18.77% ,脂肪含量为 2 0 .12 %～ 2 5 .15 %。随鱼体体长的增加 ,脂肪含量增长。鱼肌脂肪含量与繁殖活动存在密切相关的季节变动。鱼肌中均含 17种氨基酸 ,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的 45 .2 5 %～ 49.39% ,极性氨基酸占 42 .82 %～ 45 .16 % ,非极性氨基酸占 39.2 4%～ 41.5 9% ,鲜味氨基酸占 42 .5 6 %～ 46 .0 2 %。The biochemical composition of muscle were examed in six pelagic fishes(Decapterus maruadsi,Sardinella aurita,Pneurmatophorus japonicus,Decapterus lajang,Trachurus japonicus,Rastrelliger kanagurta).The protein content of muscle is 16.94%-18.77%,the lipid content is 20.12%-25.15%.With the increase of body length,lipid content increases.There is apparently relationship between the lipid content of muscle and reproductive activities.17 amino acids in muscle were detected,the percentage of the essential amino acids in total amino acids contents is 45.25%-49.39%,the polar amino acids,nonpolar amino acids and tasty amino acids in muscle are 16%,39.24%-41.59%,42.56%-46.02% respectively.国家教委海洋与环境开放研究实验室资助项目! (MEE96 10

复合陷光织构膜对光面晶体硅电池光电特性的影响

针对晶体硅表面织构化抵消部分减反射增益的问题,在光面晶体硅电池表面复合三棱锥陷光织构膜来降低其反射损失,同时保留其光生伏特效应较高的优点。分析陷光膜的陷光机理,并通过光线追迹优化陷光膜表面三棱锥结构的几何参数。运用光学仿真与实验对比分析全波长内光面晶体硅电池、绒面晶体硅电池和复合陷光织构膜的光面晶体硅电池光学特性差异,采用加权计算方法定量评价3种晶体硅电池在全波长内的反射损失。实验分析表明,陷光膜可显著降低光面晶体硅电池反射损失,最终复合电池实测加权反射率为6.57%,比光面晶体硅电池和绒面晶体硅电池的加权反射率分别降低8.57%和1.65%;复合电池的光电转换效率达20.34%,比光面晶体硅电池和绒面晶体硅电池分别提高2.33%和1.18%。国家自然科学基金资助项目(51676085

Study of fatty acid of muscle oil of six pelagic fish in Minnan Taiwan Bank fishing ground

研究了蓝圆鱼参、金色小沙丁鱼、颌圆鱼参、鲐鱼、竹鱼、羽鳃鲐肌油中的脂肪酸组成及含量变化。结果表明 :鱼油中都含有C12 C2 2 系列脂肪酸。饱和脂肪酸 (SFA)占总脂肪酸 (TFA)的 35 .2 4%～ 38.6 0 % ,单不饱和脂肪酸 (MUFA)占 2 3.5 9%～ 30 .0 7% ,多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA)占 33.0 6 %～ 40 .33% ,EPA占2 .35 %～ 3.6 2 % ,DHA占 1 7.95 %～ 2 4.49%。 3FA/ 6FA均大于 2。SFA中 ,C16∶0 、C18∶0 占主要成分 ;MUFA中C18∶1占主要成分 ;PUFA中 ,含量最高的是DHA ,其次为C2 0∶4 、EPA、C2 2∶5等。周年变化表明 :鱼类繁殖期 ,PUFA、DHA含量较高。EPA整年保持较低水平 ,波动不大。随鱼肌脂含量的升高 ,PUFA呈下降趋势。多元线性回归结果显示 :各种脂肪酸的含量及所占的百分比的变化更多地依赖于鱼肌中脂肪含量的变化 ,与季节有一定关系 ,但与体长的关系不大。Fatty acid of six pelagic fish (Decapterus maruadsi,Sardinella aurita, Decapterus lajang, Pneumatophorus japonicus, Trachurus japonicus, Rastrelliger kanagurta) were studied. Saturated, Monounsaturated, Polyunsaturated fatty acids represent 35.24%-38.60%, 23.59%-30.07%, 33.06%-40.33% of the total fatty acids in fish oil respectively, EPA and DHA represent 2.35%-3.62% and 17.95%-24.49%, -3FA/-6FA>2. The major fatty acids of SFA, MUFA, PUFA are respectively C 16∶0 、C 18∶0 ;C 18∶1 ;DHA、C 20∶4 、EPA and C 22∶5 . When the lipid content increased the PUFA% decreased, which might be related to reproductive activities. The compositional percentage and content of some fatty acids show larger fluctuations in one year. Adopting the multiple regression, the compositional percentage and content variations of some fatty acids are found to depend on most clearly on the lipid content, and on the season, but no more relations with body length.国家教委海洋与环境开放研究实验室资助!(福建近海中上层鱼类鱼油研究 ) ;;MEE9610

MARINE VIRUSES—A NEW AND PROM ISING TOOL FOR RED-TIDE CONTROL

概述了海洋病毒尤其是藻类病毒(包括原核藻类病毒和真核藻类病毒)的研究进展,以及赤潮发生的新态势和目前赤潮防治方法的不足,评析了海洋病毒与赤潮生物的关系,介绍了藻类病毒在赤潮控制方面所取得的一些成果,强调了海洋病毒在生态环境中的重要作用,提出了利用病毒防治赤潮的可能性及有效性,展望了以病毒调控赤潮的前景.国家自然科学基金(No. 30370276)和国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2001CB409710)

Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Study of Gold Nanoparticles with Different Shapes

【中文文摘】使用514 5nm激光激发,第一次得到了不同形状金纳米粒子的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。一般情况下,较短波长(600nm)的激发。然而,对特殊形状的自组装金纳米粒子,由于避雷针效应,即使使用绿光激发也可获得很高增强的SERS。 【英文文摘】In this communication, we obtained for the first time the SERS spectra of gold at the laser excitation of 514.5 nm by fabricating the ordered array of gold nanoparticles with special shapes, e.g., sphere, tadpole, and pearlchain. Selfassemble method of these gold nanoparticles is briefly introduced. In general, the enhancement of gold by the laser excitation of short wavelength (600 nm) becuase that the coupling between conduction electrons and interband electronic transitions by using 514. 5 nm depresses the quality of the surface plasmon resonance of gold metals considerably. Our observation reveals that the SERS of self2assembly gold nanoparticles with special shape can be rather high even using the green light excitation , which is mainly due to the lightning2rod effect.国家自然科学基金创新群体研究资助项目(20021002);; 国家自然科学基金九五重点项目(29833060

海洋病毒——一种新的、潜力巨大的赤潮防治工具

概述了海洋病毒尤其是藻类病毒(包括原核藻类病毒和真核藻类病毒)的研究进展,以及赤潮发生的新态势和目前赤潮防治方法的不足,评析了海洋病毒与赤潮生物的关系,介绍了藻类病毒在赤潮控制方面所取得的一些成果,强调了海洋病毒在生态环境中的重要作用,提出了利用病毒防治赤潮的可能性及有效性,展望了以病毒调控赤潮的前景.参5