The Study on The Right of Insurance Subrogation

保险代位求偿权作为保险法领域一项重要的法律制度，是民法代位权制度和保险损失补偿原则相结合的产物，是保险法的核心内容之一。保险代位求偿权作为保险的一项基本制度已经被世界各国和地区加以确认。我国法律对于保险代位求偿权的规定并不完善，理论上缺乏深入研究，实践中出现了很多问题。鉴于此，本文将保险代位求偿权作为研究对象，试图把握保险代位求偿权的真正内涵，研究保险代位求偿权的理论基础，明确保险代位求偿权的运行及其保护，以期对完善我国保险代位求偿权制度有所参考。文章除绪论和结语外，正文共分为四部分： 第一章保险代位求偿权基础理论。文章首先明确了保险代位求偿权的概念，然后探讨了保险代位求偿权的基础理论即基于...As an important part of insurance legal system, subrogation is the product of the combination of subrogation right of civil law and the principle of compensation in insurance law system, has now been confirmed as a basic system by most of the countries and regions in the world. Due to the inappropriate regulation about the rights of subrogation in insurance and the detailed study in this field is ...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_法律硕士(JM)学号：1292006115064

电子警察系统中背景更新算法的研究

摘要: 车辆跟踪检测是基于视频的电子警察系统的基础, 车辆跟踪的典型方法是背景差影法。为了提高检测的准确性,文章提出了一种基于车辆位置信息和帧差法相结合的分块区域动态背景更新算法。该算法将背景更新和车辆检测结合起来, 能准确地分割图像, 具有很好的鲁棒性和准确性, 容易实现, 实时性高。基金项目: 福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2001J003

The metabolic profilings study of serum and spinal cord from acute spinal cord injury rats ^1H NMR spectroscopy

目的：采用-1H NMR核磁共振代谢组学的方法研究急性脊髓损伤模型大鼠的代谢组学特征及生物标志物,探讨核磁共振代谢组学应用于脊髓损伤研究的可行性。方法：取8周龄清洁级雄性SD大鼠20只,体重（200±10）g,按照随机数字法分为假手术组和模型组,每组10只,模型组采用改良的Allens法制作急性脊髓不完全损伤模型,假手术组不损伤脊髓,术后第1、5、7天采用BBB运动功能评分法进行行为学观察,术后第7天收集脊髓组织作病理学观察,核磁共振代谢组学对两组大鼠血清和脊髓样本进行代谢组学分析。结果：BBB评分显示假手术组术后后肢运动无明显改变,各时间点差异无统计学意义,模型组大鼠术后双下肢呈迟缓性瘫痪,BBB运动评分较低,各时间点差异存在统计学意义,两组运动功能评分在各时间点的差异均有统计学意义;病理切片显示假手术脊髓结构正常,神经分布均匀,模型组脊髓组织结构紊乱,神经元数目减少,存在炎性细胞浸润和空腔坏死组织。代谢组学分析表明,血清中极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、谷氨酰胺（glutamine）、柠檬酸（citrate）、二甲基甘氨酸（DMG）等物质和脊髓中谷胱甘肽（glutathione）、3-羟基丁酸（3-OH-butyrate）、N-乙酰天冬氨酸（NAA）、磷酸胆碱（GPC）、谷氨酸（glutamate）、抗坏血酸（ascorbate）等物质浓度有明显变化（P〈0.05）。结论 ：通过对假手术组和模型组大鼠血清和脊髓样本进行代谢组学检测和分析得到了两组样本的差异性代谢物质,有助于解释急性脊髓损伤后血清和脊髓组织中的特异性小分子物质的变化规律,为后期针对性地研究这些代谢标记物在急性脊髓损伤中的作用提供研究基础。Objective： To establish the rat model of acute spinal cord injury,followed by aprimary study on this model with 1H NMR based on metabonomics and to explore the metabonomics and biomarkers of spinal cord injury rat.Methods： Twenty eight-week-old adult male SD rats of clean grade,with body weight of （200±10） g,were divided into sham operation group and model group in accordance with the law of random numbers,and every group had 10 rats. The rats of sham operation group were operated without damaging the spinal cord,and rats of model group were made an animal model of spinal cord incomplete injury according to the modified Allen＇s method. According to BBB score to observate the motor function of rats on the 1th,5th,and 7th days after surgery. Postoperative spinal cord tissue was collected in order to pathologic observation at the 7th day,and the metabolic profilings of serum and spinal cord from spinal cord injury rats were studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy.Results： The hindlimb motion of rats did not obviously change in sham operation group,there was no significant difference at each time point;and rats of model group occurred flaccid paralysis of both lower extremities,there was a significant difference at each time; there was significant differences between two groups at each time. Pathological results showed the spinal cord structure was normal with uniform innervation in shame group,while in model group,the spinal cord structure was mussy,and the neurons were decreased,with inflammatory cells and necrotic tissue. Analysis of metabonomics showed that concentration of very low density fat protein （VLDL）,low density fat protein （LDL）,glutamine,citric acid,dimethylglycine （DMG） in the serum and glutathione,3-OH-butyrate,N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid （NAA）,glycerophosphocholine （GPC）,glutamic acid,and ascorbate in spinal cord had significant changes（P〈0.05）.Conclusion： There are significant differences in metabolic profile from serum and spinal cord sample between model group and sha浙江省自然基金（编号：LY15H270003）;浙江省中医药科技计划项目（编号：2015ZZ017

Application of Accelerated Solvent Extraction Technique for Analysis of Active Components in Traditional Chinese Medicinal Herbs

以两种药材为研究实例,对加速溶剂萃取法(ASE)在中药材有效成分提取研究中的应用进行了简要介绍。采用正交试验法考察了提取丹参中丹酚酸B的提取条件(萃取温度、静态萃取时间、萃取溶剂以及料液比),确定了较好的实验条件。比较了ASE、水蒸气蒸馏法、超声波提取法及索氏提取法对木香挥发油的提取效果,结果表明ASE对木香挥发油的提取效果最好。The application of accelerated solvent extraction(ASE) technique for the Analysis of active components in traditional Chinese medicinal herbs was introduced by using two kinds of herbs as examples.The conditions including extraction temperature,static extraction time,the ratio of material to solvent and solvent of ASE for extraction of salvianolic acid B in Salvia miltiorrhiza were optimized by orthogonal experiments,and the optimal conditions were obtained.Different extraction methods(ASE,steam distillation,ultrasonic wave and Soxhlet extraction) were used to extract volatile oil in Aucklandia lappa Decne.Results of the comparative experiments indicated that ASE was the most effective method in this case.All the results from these studies demonstrate that ASE is indeed a powerful tool in the preparation of herbal extracts for downstream chromatographic analysis.青岛“2004将才计划”(04-3-JJ-11);; 共建生物医药研发测试中心(LS-05-KJZX-76)资

西洋参多糖及总皂苷中无机元素的ICP/MS法测定

采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱—质谱联用法(ICP/MS),对西洋参样品、西洋参多糖、西洋参总皂苷中无机元素Mg、Al、P、Ca、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Sr、Mo、Cd、Pb的含量进行测定分析。结果表明,西洋参多糖中各种元素的含量均明显高于西洋参样品,而不同方法提取的多糖中元素含量有一定差异;西洋参总皂苷中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb元素的含量明显高于西洋参样品,而其它元素含量较低。这就为西洋参多糖、西洋参皂苷的综合开发利用及其药效提供理论依据

Study on the Elements and Element Speciation in the Extract of Taizishen

目的对太子参水提液中3种金属元素Cu,Mn,Zn进行形态研究。方法采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定太子参及太子参水提液中3种金属元素的含量,并用反相高效色谱(RP-HPLC)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)联用技术对太子参水提液中的Cu,Mn,Zn元素进行形态分析。结果太子参水提液中金属元素Cu,Mn,Zn含量较高,其中Cu,Mn,Zn均主要以结合态形式存在。结论该实验所建立的HPLC-ICP-MS分析方法是太子参水提液中金属元素形态分析的良好方法。ObjectiveTo develop a modern analysis method for speciation of metal elements(Cu,Mn,Zn) in Taizishen.MethodsThe contents of three elements in Taizishen and the extract of Taizishen were determined by ICP-MS,and the coupling of high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) was applied for elemental speciation.ResultsIn the extract of Taizishen,the contents of Cu,Mn,Zn were high,and the organic speciation of Cu,Mn,Zn were the main speciation.ConclusionThe HPLC-ICP-MS method is efficient to separate inorganic speciation and organic speciation of the metal elements in Taizishen.国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.20235020

Content of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in Radix gentianae and their fingerprints

To develop a HPLC-DAD-ESI-TOF/MS analysis method for the determination of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in Radix gentianae samples and for the research of their fingerprints.The samples were extracted using ASE for 10 min under 100 ℃ and 9.65 MPa,and divided into water phase and chloroform phase and analyzed them with HPLC-DAD-ESI-TOF/MS method respectively.Based on this method,the HPLC fingerprints of Radix gentianae were established.Comparing the spectrogram and mass spectrum of the chromatogram peak with the reference value,three compounds in water phase were identified as gentiopicroside,asafetida acid and loganic acid.There is no report of the compounds in chloroform phase.The content of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in samples of different groups were determined,separately.The fingerprints were compared by the software of the similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint.The water phase fingerprint congruence coefficients of samples from six different areas were above 0.90,however,the chloroform phase fingerprint congruence coefficients were within 0.62-0.99.This method can be used for determination of potent component in Radix gentianae and its quality control.Radix gentianae from different producing areas have the largest diversities,and the diversities embodied in the content of chloroform phase compounds.青岛“2004将才计划”(04-3-JJ-11);; 国家海洋局青年基金资助项目(2005602);; 崂山区政府区校共建生物医药研发测试中心资助(LS-05-KJZX-76)

Determination of Gentiopicroside and Loganic Acid in Radix Gentianae by MEKC and MEEKC Mode

目的建立胶束电动毛细管色谱(MEKC)和微乳液毛细管电动色谱(MEEKC)分析龙胆药材中龙胆苦苷和马钱子苷酸含量的方法。方法采用加速溶剂萃取法(ASE)对龙胆药材进行提取,萃取温度:100℃,压力:9.65MPa,萃取时间:10min。采用未涂层熔融石英毛细管(内径75μm,有效长度50cm)。分别考察了两种分离模式下电泳介质的构成和电泳过程中的各操作参数对样品分离过程的影响,优化了MEKC和MEEKC的分析条件,在各自对应的缓冲液体系下,MEKC和MEEKC分离电压分别为30和22kV,柱温均为25℃,检测波长均为238nm。结果在选定的工作条件下,龙胆苦苷和马钱子苷酸与其他组分达到了基线分离,两种成分的浓度与其响应信号值之间具有较好的线性相关性,加标回收率在96.3%～105.1%之间,检测限均低于10mg·L-1,对6处不同产地的龙胆药材进行了分析,并对测定结果进行了t检验,结果表明,两种模式下,测定结果之间不存在显著性差异,而不同产地的龙胆药材的龙胆苦苷和马钱子苷酸含量之间存在较大差异。结论本方法简便,准确,快速,重现性较好,可用于龙胆药材有效成分的含量测定和质量控制。OBJECTIVE To develop MEKC and MEEKC modes for the determination of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in extracts of Radix Gentianae. METHODS The analyte was extracted from Radix Gentianae samples by accelerated solvent extraction, and the extraction conditions were optimized. Separation and determination were carried out on a bared fused silica capillary(50 cm×75 μm) with corresponding buffer. The run voltage of MEKC and MEEKC were 30kV and 22 kV respectively. Detection wavelength of DAD was at 238 nm and column temperature was 25 ℃. RESULTS The developed ASE-HPCE method was simple and reliable for the determination of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in Radix Gentianae samples with a broad linear dynamic range, a recovery range of 96.3%～105.16%,and the detection limit was below 10 mg·L-1. The contents of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in six samples from different regions were determined by the developed method in two modes. T-test value indicated that the determined contents of gentiopicroside and loganic acid by MEKC and MEEKC were consistent. CONCLUSION The method is simple,accurate,rapid and with good reproducibility.It can be used to determine active components in Radix Gentianae.国家自然科学基金重点项目(20235020);; 青岛“2004将才计划”(04-3-JJ-11);; 崂山区校区共建生物医药研发测试中心资助(LS-05-KJZX-76