7 research outputs found

    Studies on the Mechanisms of Arsenic Detoxification in Arsenic-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L.

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    砷是一种具有致癌、致畸、致突变的有毒元素,在地表的含量本来很低。然而,随着现代社会的发展和工业活动的增加导致砷污染日趋严重。土壤和水体中的砷污染可以通过食物链进入人体,对人类的健康造成极大的危害。植物修复是一种利用植物对污染物的超富集能力来清除或减低污染的新型环境生物技术。植物修复的实际应用依赖于超富集植物的发现和超富集机制的阐明,特别是砷解毒过程(砷的吸收、还原和区域化)的研究及相关基因的克隆。砷超富集植物蜈蚣草(Pteris vittata L.)中砷解毒机制的阐明将为砷污染的植物修复及新型工程植物的研发提供理论基础。 本论文以蜈蚣草为试材,针对蜈蚣草的砷解毒机制取得了如下研究进展: 1.以砷超富集植物蜈蚣草为材料,建立了一个适于研究蜈蚣草砷吸收和解毒机制的新系统—愈伤组织悬浮培养体系。首次证明蜈蚣草愈伤组织与其孢子体及配子体一样具有对砷的抗性和砷超富集的能力。 2.以蜈蚣草愈伤组织为材料,通过比较亚砷酸盐、砷酸盐和二甲基胂酸盐对蜈蚣草和拟南芥植物毒性的差异,表明砷的还原可能是蜈蚣草对砷解毒的重要机制之一而砷的甲基化对蜈蚣草的砷解毒作用甚微。 3.以蜈蚣草愈伤组织为材料,通过对砷在蜈蚣草愈伤组织细胞中的亚细胞定位,首次直接证明植物液泡对砷具有非常明显的区隔化作用。暗示区隔化作用在蜈蚣草对砷的解毒过程中发挥着重要的作用。 4.通过测定蜈蚣草愈伤组织对不同化学态的砷处理下抗氧化物质的变化发现酸溶性巯基在蜈蚣草砷解毒中也发挥着重要作用。 5.以蜈蚣草愈伤组织为材料,发现磷和砷的吸收在高浓度范围下(﹥0.2 mM)存在明显的协同效应。对蜈蚣草高亲和磷酸盐转运蛋白基因-PvPHT基因功能的初步分析则表明PvPHT参与了蜈蚣草对磷和砷的吸收过程

    传感用高功率高稳定性掺铒光纤超荧光光源

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    文章通过优化掺铒光纤的各种参量,用两个980 nm激光二极管做抽运源,用一个3 dB耦合器制作成光环形镜,采用双级双程前向泵浦结构,实现了功率最高达52.8 mW(17.15 dB)的稳定的高功率宽带超荧光光源。在未加任何滤波器的情况下,其3 dB带宽可达40 nm。该光源已成功用于油气管线检测工程实践中

    磷锌肥配施对冬小麦籽粒锌生物有效性的影响/Effect of Zn and P supply on grain Zn bioavailability in wheat[J]

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    为查明磷锌肥配施对小麦籽粒锌生物有效性的影响,本研究选用锌效率不同的4种冬小麦基因型,从P-Zn-植酸关系出发,进行了田间试验.结果表明,锌肥的施用在不同程度上降低了小麦籽粒的磷含量,磷锌比、植酸含量以及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比,降低幅度分别为0.5%、1.85%、2.7%及6.2%,提高了小麦籽粒的锌生物有效性.相对于锌肥,磷肥对小麦籽粒植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比的影响更大:①总体上提高了小麦籽粒中的植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比,降低了小麦籽粒锌生物有效性,以施用1 00 kg·hm-2磷肥时为例,植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比与不施磷肥相比分别提高13.4%和25.94%;②植酸含量及[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比随着磷肥用量的增加呈单峰曲线变化,并分别在100 kg·hm-2和150 kg·hm-2用量下达到5.02 mg·g-1和11.56的峰值,而过量施用磷肥会降低小麦籽粒中植酸的合成和累积;③[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比在适量施磷(100 kg·hm-2)条件下与少量(50 kg·hm-2)施磷相比几乎没有变化,但明显低于高量施磷(150 kg·hm-2).总之,通过合理的磷肥调控,辅以锌肥的施用,相对降低小麦籽粒的[植酸]/[Zn2+]摩尔比可能是提高小麦籽粒锌生物有效性的关键

    JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay pνˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

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    The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in pνˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via pνˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is 9.6×10339.6 \times 10^{33} years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

    JUNO sensitivity on proton decay pνK+p → νK^{+} searches

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    JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

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    The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the pνˉK+ p\to \bar{\nu} K^+ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via pνˉK+ p\to \bar{\nu} K^+ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of 0.2±0.05(syst)±0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm 0.2(stat) 0.2({\rm stat}) events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is 9.6×1033 9.6 \times 10^{33} years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies
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