“知识论与认知科学”学术研讨会综述

2012年11月9-12日,由厦门大学知识论与认知科学研究中心举办的“知识论与认知科学学术研讨会“在厦门大学隆重举行。厦门大学知识论与认知科学研究中心主任陈嘉明教授主持了开幕式,中国现代外国哲学学会会长、北京师范大学江怡教授致辞。来自全国各高校、研究机构的近40位知识

Ki-67与脑膜瘤分级及复发的相关性分析

目的分析Ki-67与脑膜瘤分级及复发的相关性。方法收集2005年1月—2013年5月的172例脑外科脑膜瘤初次手术治疗患者病理标本,采用免疫组化染色检测标本中Ki-67的阳性率,随访患者5年内复发情况,并分析Ki-67与脑膜瘤分级及复发的相关性。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级脑膜瘤患者的Ki-67阳性率分别为(1.70±1.13)%、(4.81±3.63)%和(25.00±8.53)%,Ki-67阳性率逐渐增高,差异有统计学意义(Z=79.474,P <0.05)。随访5年,复发患者32例。复发患者Ki-67阳性率(10.94±12.25)%高于非复发患者(2.30±2.34)%,差异有统计学意义(Z=3.958,P <0.05)。结论 Ki-67与脑膜瘤分级及复发有关,具有重要的临床价值

Strategical Consideration for the Application of Forestry Resources in Fujian

福建在发展中同样面临着能源、“三农”和环境的困扰,更因缺油少煤及矿产资源不丰和丘陵山地过多而倍感艰难。但在生物时代本省丰富的林业产品成了价值颇高的可再生资源,可提供制作生物柴油的原料和用于造气,其市场广阔。因而只要调整思路,扬长避短,就能战胜上述困扰,把海峡西岸经济区建设得更好。Fujian has also encountered some troubles such as energy issurse,agriculture,countryside and farmer problem,and environment pollution during developmental process,these troubles have become stronger when there is not enough fossil fuel and too much hilly land.But in biological era,the abundant forestry products in Fujian show much more potential value,for their regeneration features.They can produce biodiesel and biogas.So,if we turn these renewable resources to advantage,then we will achieve the jump-over development in West-strait area.“生物柴油的固碱催化合成法”和“水基防锈金属切削液的研制”课题得到固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室的资

有限元强度折减法在边坡稳定性分析中的有效性及结果检验方法

有限元强度折减法的有效性及结果评价决定该方法是否能在工程上得到认可及推广的关键。本文基于有理论解的地基承载力问题和澳大利亚计算机应用协会(ACADS)边坡稳定性典型考题,通过计算值与理论解的对比以及塑性贯通区结果,对有限元强度折减法用于边坡稳定分析的有效性、失稳判据以及结果评价等问题进行了系统研究,提出了以塑性带宽度与长度之比检验计算结果的方法。结果发现,在足够且合理的网格密度下,有限元强度折减法分析边坡稳定性是有效的,不同类型的临界状态判据差异不大,而塑性区贯通判据最为客观;临界状态时塑性带的宽度与长度之比与安全系数的计算精度有很高的相关性,其值越小,精度越高,当塑性区相对宽度b/L小于0.05时,安全系数相对误差一般小于5%;对于强度折减法计算结果的精度评价,只要所得的等效塑性应变分布能确定滑动机制和大致的滑动面位置,其安全系数计算结果与更细密的网格的结果差异一般也在5%以内,精度就是足够的

ThO_2-REO_(1.5)复合氧化物体系的甲烷催化燃烧性能

THO2┐rEO1.5复合氧化物体系的甲烷催化燃烧性能陈笃慧杨乐夫蔡俊修（厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室361005）有效利用现有的能源资源，并对周围环境进行妥善的保护是当前的重大课题，因而发电厂及其他工业过程中的高效、低污染的催化燃烧...福建省自然科学基

Studies on Cyclic Voltammetry Characteristics and Initial Behavior of Nickel-Tungsten Electrodeposition

镍钨合金镀层由于其高的硬度、耐磨及耐蚀性而被作为代铬镀层用于金属表面处理。为进一步探讨镍钨合金的电沉积机理，采用循环伏安法和电位阶跃法研究了玻碳电极上镍钨电沉积的循环伏安特性和初期行为。电沉积过程中，钨酸根被还原成中间价态的氧化物。结果表明，钨酸盐的存在对阴极析氢过程具有明显的阻化作用。镍钨合金电沉积按瞬间成核和三维生长方式进行Nickel-tungsten alloy eletrodeposits have been adopted as chromium substitute coatings for surface treatment for their high hardness and excellent wearability and corrosion resistance.The purpose of the study was to investigate the mechanism of nickel-tungsten electrodeposition.The cyclic voltammetry characteristics and initial behavior of nickel-tungsten alloy on glass carbon electrode were studied by means of cyclic voltammetry and potentiostatic step. Tungstate ions were reduced to oxide with intermediate valence.The results show that the existence of tungstate has great restraint action on cathodic hydrogen evolution. The electrodeposition of nickel-tungsten alloy performs as instantaneous nucleation followed by three dimensional growth.国家自然科学基

Improvement on Pd-Pb/CaCO_3 catalyst for selective hydrogenation of acetylenic linkage in hydrocarbons

利用XRD和SEM研究了EDTA、草酸等助剂对沉淀CaCO3显微结构的影响,结果表明,CaCO3晶型及形貌随助剂不同而变化,甚至同一助剂不同添加量亦会导致其晶相的显著差异。XRD分析表明,在草酸存在下,沉积物为单一的方解石相,该晶型的CaCO3对Pd Pb/CaCO3催化剂呈现明显的模板效应。不同还原方法的尝试说明,水合肼是一种好的还原剂。TEM研究表明,在适宜条件下对催化剂老化处理,表面金属钯颗粒发生聚并,并且由此带来部分氢化选择性的较大提高。Influences of additives (PVA, oxalic acid, EDTA, ZnCl_2) on microstructure of precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO_3) were investigated using SEM and XRD. The results indicated that crystal form and shape of CaCO_3 vary with both type and quantity of the additives. XRD results showed that the deposit crystallized in calcite in the presence of oxalic acid,which exhibited distinct template effect in Pd-Pb/CaCO_3 system. The test results of different reduction methods showed that hydrazine hydrate was a good reducing agent. TEM images showed that palladium particles on the catalyst surface agglomerated after appropriate aging treatment and thus improved partial hydrogenation selectivity of the catalyst

核孔蛋白93在神经母细胞瘤患者中的表达及临床意义

目的基于基因表达数据库（GEO）筛选神经母细胞瘤（NB）诊断和预后相关的关键基因，探讨关键基因核孔蛋白93（NUP93）在NB患者组织中的表达及临床意义。方法从GEO数据库中获取NB基因芯片数据（GSE73517、GSE49710、GSE19274），筛选高风险组共同上调的差异表达基因（DEGs），结合R2基因组分析和可视化平台进一步分析在MYCN扩增组中共同上调的DEGs的预后价值，筛选出关键基因；最后通过免疫组织化学法（IHC）检测60例NB、25例神经节神经母细胞瘤（GNB）和26例神经节神经瘤（GN）组织中NUP93的表达水平。结果①筛选出25个高风险组共同上调的DEGs，其中10个在MYCN扩增组中高表达（P＜0.05），分别为SIVA1、NUP93、STIP1、LSM4、RAI14、MYOZ3、KNTC1、TNFRSF10B、TACC3、CEP152；生存分析显示，NUP93高表达患者总生存期显著缩短（HR=4.0，95%CI：3.0，5.3，P=1.80×10⁻³⁴）。②免疫组化结果显示，NUP93在NB组织中的表达水平高于GN和GNB（P＜0.001），且与高有丝分裂-核碎裂指数（MKI）（P=0.040）、低分化程度（P＜0.001）及MYCN表达（rs =0.793，P＜0.001）呈正相关。结论经筛选获得的关键基因NUP93的高表达与高MKI及分化程度低相关，并预示NB患儿的不良预后，可能通过调控MYCN促进肿瘤进展，有望成为NB诊断标志物及治疗靶点

Selective Catalytic Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde to Hydrocinnamaldehyde

采用煤质活性炭作载体,分别用HNO3、H2O2和(NH4)2S2O8进行预处理,然后用浸渍法负载PdCl2,在H2流中还原得到Pd/C催化剂,用于肉桂醛(CAL)选择加氢制氢化肉桂醛(HCAL)的反应。考查了Pd负载量,反应温度和压力对加氢反应的影响,优化了反应条件。进一步考查了助剂Fe、Co、Ni[1]对反应的影响。最终,CAL转化率为98%,HCAL选择性为88%。Coal-based activated carbon was pretreated with HNO_3,H_2O_2 and(NH_4)_2S_2O_8 before selected as support.A series of Pd/C catalysts were prepared by means of impregnation and with PdCl_2 as precursor.It was reduced in H_2 stream,and applied to selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde to hydrocinnamaldehyde.Effects of Pd-loading,reaction temperature and pressure were discussed.In addition,promoters of Fe,Co,Ni were introduced to the catalysts.At last proper conditions for the reaction were found,and 88% selectivity to HCAL at 98% conversion of CAL was obtained.国家自然科学基金(No.20203014

Propagation of landslide induced impulse wave in channel type reservoirs

he propagation characteristics and parameter sensitivity of the landslide induced impulse wave in practical channel type reservoirs are investigated in this study. The two-dimensional Saint-Venant equation and dry-wet boundary treatment method are used to simulate the wave generation and propagation processes in real reservoirs. In order to better reproduce the initial wave, a matching technique of initial wave between nearfield and far field simulation is implemented, while the nearfield wave generation processes are simulated based on full Naiver-Stokes equation. A real landslide induced impulse wave event is simulated with this technique and the propagation characteristics and parameter sensitivity are investigated. The simulation results and comparison between different cases indicate that the longitudinal shape of the channel-type reservoir is a crucial factor for propagation. Classical engineering methods which ignore this factor might produce improper estimation of the max wave height.</p