东山在闽台旧石器时代文化交流中的地位

依据东山岛发现的306件石制品、东山海域发现的170件哺乳动物化石和“东山人”化石以及台湾海峡第四纪沉积物特征，结合分析台湾第四纪哺乳动物化石、旧石器和人类化石，从古生物、古人类、古文化、海平面变化诸方面阐述东山在闽台旧石器时代文化交流中的地位，认为漳州是古人类、哺乳动物迁徙台湾的出发地，东山是桥头堡，“东山陆桥”是连接大陆与台湾的纽带

64层CT支气管动脉成像技术在咯血诊断中的临床应用价值

目的探讨64层螺旋CT支气管动脉(brOnCHIAl ArTEry,bA)成像技术在咯血相关异常支气管动脉的优势及临床应用。方法采用64层螺旋CT对36例以咯血、胸痛为主要症状的患者行胸部CT平扫及薄层增强扫描检查。将获得的图像资料利用特殊重建技术,充分显示支气管动脉走行及其与周围组织的关系。结果本组病例36例中,右侧bA清晰显示49支,左侧bA清晰显示40支。本组36例同时进行dSA检查,将bA-CTA成像结果与bA-dSA对比,结果真阳性89支、假阳性7支,敏感度为92.7%,特异度为100%。结论 64层螺旋CTA具有较高的空间分辨率及特异性,而且可以利用各种重建技术,准确、直观地显示出bA的解剖特征,为临床提供了更多诊断信息

化痰方及化痰活血方对糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的:探讨化痰方及化痰活血方对改善糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法:以高热量饲料加小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立接近于人类2型糖尿病的糖尿病大鼠模型,随机分为糖尿病组、化痰方组及化痰活血组,以正常大鼠为对照组。观察化痰方和化痰活血方在降血糖、调节血脂紊乱、改善胰岛素抵抗作用等方面的影响并比较其异同。结果:两种功效的中药复方均能显著降低血糖、调节血脂紊乱,并能改善胰岛素抵抗,增加胰岛素敏感性。但化痰活血组在提高胰岛素敏感性方面的疗效优于化痰方组(P<0.05)。结论:具有化痰和化痰活血功效的中药复方均能改善胰岛素抵抗,但化痰活血中药复方的作用更明显

二陈汤方加减对2型糖尿病并发脂肪肝模型大鼠血糖、血脂、胰岛素抵抗以及肝功能和肝脏脂肪变的影响

目的:观察具有化痰利湿、活血化瘀功效的二陈汤方加减干预2型糖尿病并发脂肪肝大鼠血糖、血脂、胰岛素的抵抗状况,以及脂肪肝模型病理形态学的变化。方法:实验于2004-04/11在厦门大学医学院动物实验中心完成。①选用健康Wistar大鼠40只,7周龄,雌雄各半。随机抽取12只为正常对照组,喂以普通饲料(其中各成分质量分数如下:碳水化合物0.6、蛋白质0.22,脂肪0.1,其他0.08,脂肪以豆油为主),其余则喂养高热量饲料(其中各成分质量分数如下:碳水化合物0.4,蛋白质0.13,脂肪0.4,其他0.07,脂肪以动物油脂为主)。2个月后,正常对照组的大鼠一次性腹腔注射0.1mol/LpH4.2枸椽酸缓冲液,其余28只大鼠则一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素25mg/kg。72h后查血糖≥16.7mmol/L为糖尿病大鼠,造模成功24只。②将24只糖尿病大鼠随机分为2组:模型组和二陈汤方加减组,每组12只。正常对照组喂以普通饲料,其余2组均喂养高热量饲料。二陈汤方加减组大鼠按8mL/(kg·d)剂量灌胃二陈汤方加减药物,由陈皮、半夏、茯苓、僵蚕及地龙等组成(上述中药由本院中药房提供),由本院药剂科制备成浓缩液(含生药2g/mL),1次/d;正常对照组和模型组灌胃等量的自来水,均连续干预16周。③然后采用ELISA法测血胰岛素水平,计算肝指数(肝湿重/体质量×100%)和胰岛素敏感指数ln｛[1/(空腹血糖×空腹胰岛素)]｝;光镜下评估肝脂肪变性和炎症坏死程度。炎症活动度计分[慢性肝炎炎症活动度及纤维化计分方案炎症活动度计分分为汇管区(P)、小叶内(L)、碎屑坏死(PN)及桥接坏死(BN)4项,每项依病变轻、中、重程度分别计以1,3,4分,计分公式为P+L+2(PN+BN)]。按照上海九强生物技术有限公司提供相应试剂盒说明书测定血清三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、白蛋白及总蛋白水平。分别于造模前、造模后8周及造模后16周采用氧化酶法测定空腹血糖。④计量资料、等级资料、率差异比较分别采用两样本均数t检验、秩和检验、两样本率差别的统计意义检验。结果:由于造模失败脱失4只,最终进入结果分析36只。①肝指数:造模后16周模型组和二陈汤方加减组明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。②空腹血糖水平:造模后8和16周模型组及二陈汤方加减组均明显高于造模前和正常对照组(P<0.01)。造模后8和16周二陈汤..

Electrochemical Nucleation of Au on n-Type Semiconductor Silicon Electrode Surface

在成功实现半导体硅表面电沉积致密金膜的柠檬酸盐镀金实际应用体系中,运用循环伏安和电位阶跃法研究了Au在n型SI(111)电极表面的电沉积过程和成核机理.结果表明,在该体系中,Au在SI表面呈现不可逆电极过程,成核过电位达到250 M V;根据COTTrEll方程求得扩散系数d=(1.81±0.14)x10–4 CM2 S–1;运用SCHArIfkEr-HIllS(SH)理论模型对比分析拟合实验结果,表明Au在n型SI表面遵循扩散控制下的三维连续成核机理;通过扫描电子显微镜观察Au初期成核、生长形貌,进一步证实了Au的三维连续成核机制,并讨论了阶跃电位和阶跃时间对Au核形貌和密度的影响.Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry have been used to investigate the mechanism of gold electrodeposition on the n-Si(111) electrode surface from a citrate bath, which had successfully applied to directly electroplate a dense gold film on the silicon surface.The results show that Au electrodeposition on the n-type silicon surface is an irreversible process, and the nucleation overpotential reaches 250 m V.According to Cottrell equation, the diffusion coefficient(D) is calculated to be(1.81 ± 0.14) × 10-4 cm2 s-1.The Scharifker-Hills(SH) model was used to analyze the experimental data.Agreement between the fitting curves and the theoretical curves confirms that the nucleation process of Au electrodeposition on the n-type silicon surface follows the progressive nucleation mechanism with three-dimensional growth under diffusion control.To further confirm the progressive nucleation mechanism, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was used to observe the nucleation and growth of Au deposits at the initial stage of electrodeposition.The SEM results show that the morphology and density of the Au deposits are affected by the electrochemical deposition potential and time.国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2011YQ03012406); 国家自然科学基金界面电化学创新群体(21321062)及国家自然科学基金(21373172)资助项目~

102例初诊2型糖尿病患者中医病理特点分析

现阶段糖尿病已经成为非传染性的流行病。由于检测手段的先进性和人们健康意识的普遍提高,很多2型糖尿病患者是由于“健康“体检所发现,其临床表现已非传统消渴之“三多一少“所能概括。故运用中医学的研究方法探讨初诊2型糖尿病患者的中医病理特点,就显得尤为必要。本研究对厦门地区初诊2型糖尿病患者进行规范而全面的临床资料收集,运用中医证素辨证的方法,探讨初诊2型糖尿病福建省卫生厅资助课题(WZZZ0903

糖尿病胃肠病中医诊疗标准

文章所讨论的糖尿病胃肠病中医诊疗标准是在中华中医药学会2007年发布的《糖尿病中医防治指南》的基础上,研究、整合、优化以往中医糖尿病标准方面的研究成果,结合临床实际,研究而形成的能够被学术界普遍认可的诊疗标准。文章对糖尿病胃肠病的临床表现、理化检查、鉴别诊断、处理原则、辨证施治、成药治疗、辅助疗法、西医治疗等分别进行阐述,旨在进一步推广和发挥中医药在治疗糖尿病胃肠病时的特色与优势,规范糖尿病胃肠病的诊疗行为,促进糖尿病胃肠病中医药临床疗效的进一步提升

The Effects of Physical and Chemical Conditions on Forming Mycelial Pellet of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Biosorption of Lead

[中文文摘]为了探讨影响微生物菌丝球生长的物理化学因素和控制菌丝球大小的规律以及微生物吸附重金属的效果，对黄孢展齿革菌（Ｐｈａｎｅｒｏｃｈａｅｔｅｃｈｒｙｓｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍ）呈球状体生长和用此菌丝球吸附水溶液中的Ｐｂ２＋进行了研究．实验结果表明，在培养液ｐＨ值为４．５，孢子悬液浓度为１０６个／ｍｌ，表面活性剂吐温８０的浓度为０．１％，高碳氮和摇床转速为１５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ的条件下，于３９℃下培养３ｄ，形成直径在１．５—１．７ｍｍ范围内的菌丝球，光滑均匀，具有一定机械强度，对Ｐｂ２＋的吸附能力最强．用０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＮａＯＨ溶液处理该菌丝球，对２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的铅溶液的吸附率达到了９５％以上，表明用该菌丝球吸附水溶液中的Ｐｂ２＋是可行的．[英文文摘]The research on the growth of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the form of pellet was made in this paper to examine the effects of physical and chemical conditions on the formation of mycelial pellets.The experimental results showed that the microorganism pellets of smooth surface,even size(diameter)and good mechanical properties could be obtained at the follwoing culture conditions:pH4 5,10 6 spores/ml in inoculum,01% Tween 80 in medium,high C/N and on the shaker of 150r/min for 3d.Using P. ch ry sosp orium m ycelial pellet s in the bio sorption of Pb2+ from aqueou s solution, the up take reached the maximum when the diam eter of pellet w as in the range of 115—117mm. W hen the pellet s w ere p ret reated by bo iling in 012mo löL N aOH fo r 40m in, the Pb2+ up take w as far h igher than the pellets without pret reatm en t, and the removal efficiency could reach above 95%. The research results showed that the removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution by P. chrysosp oriumm ycelial pellets was practical.国家教委留学回国人员科研启动基

人乳头瘤病毒假病毒制备方法的优化

人乳头瘤病毒假病毒可广泛应用于中和抗体鉴定和疫苗免疫性评估等研究.本研究对多质粒共转染293FT细胞生产HPV假病毒的方法进行了深入优化,结果显示不同的HPV结构蛋白表达质粒转染比例对于假病毒生产效率有显著的影响,HPV主要结构蛋白L1的表达水平是影响生产效率的主要因素,L2表达质粒的用量过高或过低均不利于假病毒的生产,而报告质粒的用量对假病毒生产效率的影响相对较小.综合比较显示,在该体系中L1和L2表达质粒和报告质粒以合适比例(如1∶1/10∶1/2)进行共转染可获得更为理想的生产效率.本研究同时也在293FT细胞中对磷酸钙转染方法进行了优化,通过磷酸钙与质粒用量的交叉配比试验获得了较优的转染条件.通过优化,建立了更为高效的HPV假病毒大量制备方法,在HPV16、HPV18、HPV6、HPV11假病毒生产中的应用结果显示较原方法可显著提高生产效率.本研究为HPV假病毒中和实验的规模化应用提供了有利条件

Lithium Storage Performance of Hard Carbons Anode Materials Prepared by Different Precursors

以聚丙烯腈、石油沥青和花生壳为前驱体,在1200℃下碳化制备三种不同的硬碳材料。通过扫描电子显微、X射线衍射、氮气吸附/脱附测试和拉曼光谱等方法探究不同前驱体所制备的硬碳材料的表面形貌和物相结构。通过恒流充放电测试考察了这三种硬碳负极材料的电化学性能。结果表明,花生壳基硬碳的初始放电比容量最高,但首圈库仑效率最低,石油沥青基硬碳的首圈库仑效率最高但是比容量最低,聚丙烯腈基硬碳具有较高的循环比容量和稳定性。Hard carbon is one of the most promising anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its high stability, widespread availability, low-cost, and excellent performance. The electrochemical properties of hard carbon materials depend strongly on the type of precursors. It is, therefore, very important to choose an excellent hard carbon precursor. Polyacrylonitrile, petroleum pitch and peanut shells were used as raw materials to prepare different hard carbon anode materials for LIBs. These hard carbon anode materials were successfully synthesized in two steps. The selected precursor was firstly carbonized at 600℃ for 1 h in argon atmosphere using heating rate of 1℃·min-1, and then was further carbonized at 1200℃ for 1h in argon atmosphere using heating rate of 5℃·min-1. Under such a low heating rate, a relatively small specific surface area could be obtained as much as possible for the hard carbon anode material. The surface morphology and phase structure of as synthesized hard carbon materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer, nitrogen adsorption analyzer and Raman spectrometer. The ion carrier storage mechanism was further investigated using cyclic voltammetry by examining whether the ion insertion/extraction mechanism is surface-controlled pseudocapacitance or diffusion-limited intercalation. It was further verified that the lithium storage mechanism of hard carbon anode materials is in line with the “adsorption-intercalation” mechanism. The results indicated that polyacrylonitrile-derived hard carbon anode material had low impedance by EIS test. This may be the reason why the low voltage platform of polyacrylonitrile-derived hard carbon materials had a higher specific capacity. The electrochemical performance of different hard carbon materials were investigated through galvanostatic charge and discharge tests. The peanut shell-derived hard carbon material showed the highest initial specific capacity (579.1 mAh·g-1), but the lowest initial coulombic efficiency (49.35%). The petroleum pitch-derived one delivered the highest initial coulombic efficiency (85.97%), but the lowest initial specific capacity (301.7 mAh·g-1). Comparing the cycle performance of these three hard carbon materials, polyacrylonitrile-derived hard carbon materials exhibited the excellent cycling performance (87.17% of capacity over 500 cycles). This study would provide useful assistance to understand the precursor-derived electrochemical properties of hard carbon anode material in practical applications.国家自然科学基金面上项目(21673051);广东省科技厅国际合作项目资助(2019A050510043);广东省科技厅产学研重大专项(2017B010119003)通讯作者:施志聪E-mail:[email protected]:Zhi-CongShiE-mail:[email protected]广东工业大学材料与能源学院,新能源材料与器件系,广东 广州 510000Department of New Energy Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, Chin