The Enlightenment of United States "Housewright Declaration"on the Professional Music Education of Chinese Comprehensive University

摘要 综合性大学音乐师范类学生是构成我国未来音乐师资队伍的重要组成部分之一。教师专业化是当前我国主流教育思想，教师资格证书制度是教师专业化的制度保证，通过教师资格证书的改革促进教师专业化的发展。但由于现行我国音乐教师资格制度处于起步阶段，资格证书制度体系还不够完善，音乐教师资格证书未能充分发挥应有的作用。 美国在20世纪末发表了《豪斯赖特宣言》，这份《豪斯赖特宣言》是美国音乐教育针对世纪之交国际教育激烈竞争，规划新世纪未来20年音乐教育的前景，提出音乐教育的重大问题，将对未来20年美国音乐教育产生深远影响的前瞻性音乐战略宣言。《豪斯赖特宣言》提出应当探索教师制度的更新，为寻求音乐教学职...Abstract Students in music education from comprehensive universities are an important component of music teachers in our country. Professionalization of music teachers is the current mainstream thinking of education. The quality certification for teachers guarantees the system of teacher professionalization. And its improvement can promote the development of teacher professionalization. Recently,...学位：文学硕士院系专业：艺术教育学院音乐系_音乐学学号：2005130157

美国《豪斯赖特宣言》对我国综合性大学专业音乐教育的启示

美国《豪斯赖特宣言》是美国在20世纪末,针对未来20年美国音乐教育制定的一份前瞻性音乐文件;而我国也在世纪末发布《全国学校艺术教育发展规划(2001至2010年)》。本文通过对两份文件的对比,在文件产生的音乐历史背景、内容的差异中,阐述《宣言》对我国综合性大学专业音乐教育的一些启示

DETERMINATION METHOD OF LIMIT EQUILIBRIUM STATE AND CRITICAL SLIP SURFACE OF SOIL SLOPE

开展边坡失稳判据及临界滑动面确定方法的理论与数值实现研究。应用分叉理论的研究成果,证明满足关联流动法则的理想弹塑性材料,在平面应力或平面应变条件下的失稳模式为应变局部化模式,由此类材料构成的边坡模型的失稳过程为局部带渐进扩展过程。基于以上证明,提出局部化带贯通判据,认为表征边坡整体失稳的充要条件是局部化带在边坡内部的完全贯通。基于数值模拟,发展一种局部化带路径追踪技术,根据每个增量时步土体单元的局部化状态信息,通过后处理显式追踪局部化带的形成、扩展、汇合直至贯通的过程,直观、方便地判断边坡的极限平衡状态,同时确定临界滑动面的位置。并开展强度折减和位移加载算例研究,验证局部化带贯通判据及数值实现方法的适用性

The Effect of Informational External Representation on Bayesian Reasoning

基于分布式认知观点,考察信息的外部表征方式对人们解决贝叶斯推理问题的影响。实验采用2(样例数:50、100)×2(呈现方式:频率信息集中呈现、样例信息逐个呈现)组间设计,并设置了概率信息呈现对照组。被试为159名大学生,均解决3个贝叶斯推理问题。结果表明,频率信息集中呈现组成绩最好,样例信息逐个呈现组成绩次之,概率信息呈现组成绩最差; 样例数效应不显著; 在样例信息逐个呈现条件下出现了明显的练习效应

三维链网模型及其参数标定

提出一种材料模型，由三维空间取向的平行弹簧束作为构架，讨论了按空间取向进行离散的方式。实现立体角划分的最优化。构造了由一维构元组成的三维链网体胞，给出了体胞几何，物理参数的标定方法。证明该体胞能精确模拟Pisson比从0-1／2的材料行为，突破了已往模型0-1/3限制。探讨了模型简化问题，实现了模拟精度高而计算费用低的统一，举例论述了该模型模拟短纤维增强复合材料的独特优点

创建厦门区域金融中心的构想及措施

创建厦门区域金融中心,对于充分发挥厦门在海峡西岸经济区的龙头作用,推动海峡两岸经济金融的共同发展具有重要的意义。本文探讨了建设厦门区域金融中心的必要性和可行性,提出建设厦门区域金融中心的总体目标和具体措施。厦门市“十一五”规划课题“创建厦门区域金融中心的构想及措施”成果之

渐近优先性及其机制

摘要：对渐近信号的优先加工被称为渐近优先性,该效应普遍存在于人类和动物的视觉、听觉和跨感觉通道中.人类神经影像学研究发现负责加工渐近信号的脑区涉及一个大规模相互协作和沟通的分布式神经网络,包括颞上沟、颞顶叶连接处以及一些运动区.对多种动物的细胞水平研究也发现了对渐近信号选择性敏感的神经元和神经通路.威胁论、注意捕获理论和自动加工理论从不同角度解释了渐近优先性产生的原因.未来研究可进一步考察刺激的社会、情绪等属性对渐近优先性的影响,探索多通道渐近渐远信息的整合和注意分配机制.&nbsp;</p

Reduced Graphene Oxide-LaFeO3 Composite Nanomaterials as Bifunctional Catalyst for Rechargeable Lithium-Oxygen Batteries

制备具有氧还原(ORR)与氧释放(OER)双功能催化活性的特殊孔道结构电催化剂是锂氧电池研究的挑战之一。本文以氧化石墨烯、硝酸铁、硝酸镧、柠檬酸; 为原料,结合溶胶凝胶和水热合成方法,制备出还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)与铁酸镧(LaFeO_3)复合的双功能催化剂(RGO-LaFeO_3)。X射线; 衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱和Raman光谱分析结果确认该复合催化剂由纯相钙钛矿结构LaFe03和还原氧化石墨烯组成,扫描电子; 显微镜(SEM)观察到LaFe03纳米颗粒均匀地负载在RGO片层表面。锂氧电池测试结果指出,相对于LaFe03纳米粒子(NP-LaFeO_3),; RGO-LaFeO_3催化剂具有更好的ORR和OER催化活性,归因于RGO特殊的三维导电多孔结构与LaFeO_3纳米粒子的协同催化作用。以RGO; -LaFeO_3作为阴极催化剂的锂氧电池在限1000 mAh·g~(-1)比容量、100; mA·g~(-1)电流密度条件下,可实现36周稳定的充放电循环,展示出良好的应用前景。Development of electrocatalysts is one of the challenges in the development of the lithium-oxygen battery, especially the synthesis of catalysts with special pore structures and excellent bifunctional catalytic performance for both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this article, a reduced graphene oxide-LaFeO3 (RGO-LaFeO3) nanocomposite electrocatalyst was synthesized by combining sol-gel and hydrothermal methods and using graphene oxide, lanthanum nitrate, ferric nitrate, and citric acid as raw materials. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results confirmed that the RGO-LaFeO3 was composed of pure phase LaFeO3 with a perovskite structure and RGO and that the LaFeO3 nanoparticles were loaded uniformly on the RGO layer surface. In comparison with a LaFeO3 nanoparticle (NP-LaFeO3) catalyst, RGO-LaFeO3 exhibited superior activity for both the ORR and the OER when it served as the cathode of a lithium-oxygen battery. The higher catalytic activity of the RGO-LaFeO3 is attributed to the synergistic effect of the special three-dimensional electronic conductive structure of RGO and the intrinsic catalytic property of LaFeO3. It was shown that the lithium-oxygen battery with the RGO-LaFeO3 cathode can be cycled stably up to 36 reversible cycles under conditions of a limit discharge depth of 1000 mAh.g(-1) and a 100 mAg(-1) current density for charge-discharge. The study illustrates that the RGO-LaFeO3 bifunctional electrocatalyst is a promising candidate for the cathode in lithium-oxygen batteries.National Natural Science Foundation of China [21621091]; National Key; Research and Development Program of China [2016YFB0100202

Differential regulation of stiffness, topography, and dimension of substrates in rat mesenchymal stem cells

The physiological microenvironment of the stem cell niche, including the three factors of stiffness, topography, and dimension, is crucial to stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Although a growing body of evidence is present to elucidate the importance of these factors individually, the interaction of the biophysical parameters of the factors remains insufficiently characterized, particularly for stem cells. To address this issue fully, we applied a micro-fabricated polyacrylamide hydrogel substrate with two elasticities, two topographies, and three dimensions to systematically test proliferation, morphology and spreading, differentiation, and cytoskeletal re-organization of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) on twelve cases. An isolated but not combinatory impact of the factors was found regarding the specific functions. Substrate stiffness or dimension is predominant in regulating cell proliferation by fostering cell growth on stiff, unevenly dimensioned substrate. Topography is a key factor for manipulating cell morphology and spreading via the formation of a large spherical shape in a pillar substrate but not in a grooved substrate. Although stiffness leads to osteogenic or neuronal differentiation of rBMSCs on a stiff or soft substrate, respectively, topography or dimension also plays a lesser role in directing cell differentiation. Neither an isolated effect nor a combinatory effect was found for actin or tubulin expression, whereas a seemingly combinatory effect of topography and dimension was found in manipulating vimentin expression. These results further the understandings of stem cell proliferation, morphology, and differentiation in a physiologically mimicking microenvironment

书写工具对来华留学生汉语写作测试的影响

包括写作在内的电脑施测已渐成语言水平考试的一个发展方向。该研究通过实验、问卷及访谈比较了来华留学生 纸笔与电脑写作的态度、体验及成绩，并发现：多数留学生认为纸笔与电脑写作是两种不同的写作过程，其电脑写作的自我效 能感更高，其电脑写作的成绩高于同等难度作文的得分，且两者成绩差距达到统计显著水平。由此，大规模或高风险作文测评 或应尽量实现电脑作答。2008 年度福建省教育厅教育考试A 类社会科学研究项目（编号:JA 08290S）资