Bayesian Approach for Linear Optics Correction

With a Bayesian approach, the linear optics correction algorithm for storage rings is revisited. Starting from the Bayes' theorem, a complete linear optics model is simplified as "likelihood functions" and "prior probability distributions". Under some assumptions, the least square algorithm and then the Jacobian matrix approach can be re-derived. The coherence of the correction algorithm is ensured through specifying a self-consistent regularization coefficient to prevent overfitting. Optimal weights for different correction objectives are obtained based on their measurement noise level. A new technique has been developed to resolve degenerated quadrupole errors when observed at a few select BPMs. A necessary condition of being distinguishable is that their optics response vectors seen at these specific BPMs should be near-orthogonal.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Structure of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with respective vortex-antivortex superposition states

We investigate the phase structure of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with repulsive intra- and interspecies interactions in the presence of respective vortex-antivortex superposition states (VAVSS). We show that different winding numbers of vortex and antivortex and different intra- and interspecies interaction strengths may lead to different phase configurations, such as fully separated phases, inlaid separated phases, asymmetric separated phase, and partially mixed phases, where the density profile of each component displays a petal-like (or modulated petal-like) structure. A phase diagram is given for the case of equal unit winding numbers of the vortex and antivortex in respective components, and it is shown that conventional criterion for phase separation of two-component BECs is not applicable for the present system due to the VAVSS. In addition, our nonlinear stability analysis indicates that the typical phase structures of two-component BECs with VAVSS allow to be detected in experiments. Moreover, for the case of unequal winding numbers of the vortex and antivortex in respective components, we find that each component in any of the possible phase structures is in a cluster state of vortices and antivortices, where the topological defects appear in the form of singly quantized visible vortex, or hidden vortex, or ghost vortex, depending on the specific parameters of the system. Finally, a general rule between the vortex-antivortex cluster state and the winding numbers of vortex and antivortex is revealed.Comment: 8pages,5figures,accepted for publication in Physical Review

Linearly Supporting Feature Extraction For Automated Estimation Of Stellar Atmospheric Parameters

We describe a scheme to extract linearly supporting (LSU) features from stellar spectra to automatically estimate the atmospheric parameters $T_{eff}$, log$~g$, and [Fe/H]. "Linearly supporting" means that the atmospheric parameters can be accurately estimated from the extracted features through a linear model. The successive steps of the process are as follow: first, decompose the spectrum using a wavelet packet (WP) and represent it by the derived decomposition coefficients; second, detect representative spectral features from the decomposition coefficients using the proposed method Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LARS)$_{bs}$; third, estimate the atmospheric parameters $T_{eff}$, log$~g$, and [Fe/H] from the detected features using a linear regression method. One prominent characteristic of this scheme is its ability to evaluate quantitatively the contribution of each detected feature to the atmospheric parameter estimate and also to trace back the physical significance of that feature. This work also shows that the usefulness of a component depends on both wavelength and frequency. The proposed scheme has been evaluated on both real spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)/SEGUE and synthetic spectra calculated from Kurucz's NEWODF models. On real spectra, we extracted 23 features to estimate $T_{eff}$, 62 features for log$~g$, and 68 features for [Fe/H]. Test consistencies between our estimates and those provided by the Spectroscopic Sarameter Pipeline of SDSS show that the mean absolute errors (MAEs) are 0.0062 dex for log$~T_{eff}$ (83 K for $T_{eff}$), 0.2345 dex for log$~g$, and 0.1564 dex for [Fe/H]. For the synthetic spectra, the MAE test accuracies are 0.0022 dex for log$~T_{eff}$ (32 K for $T_{eff}$), 0.0337 dex for log$~g$, and 0.0268 dex for [Fe/H].Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures, 8 tables, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (accepted for publication

InGaAs/InP heteroepitaxial Schottky barrier diodes for terahertz applications

This paper explores the feasibility of planar, sub-harmonically pumped, anti-parallel InGaAs/InP heteroepitaxial Schottky diodes for terahertz applications. We present calculations of the (I-V) characteristics of such diodes using a numerical model that considers tunneling. We also present noise and conversion loss predictions of diode mixers operated at 500 GHz, and obtained from a multi-port mixer analysis, using the I-V characteristics predicted by our model. Our calculations indicate that InGaAs/InP heteroepitaxial Schottky barrier diodes are expected to have an I-V characteristic with an ideality factor comparable to that of GaAs Schottky diodes. However, the reverse saturation current of InGaAs/InP diodes is expected to be much greater than that of GaAs diodes. These predictions are confirmed by experiment. The mixer analyses predict that sub-harmonically pumped anti-parallel InGaAs/InP diode mixers are expected to offer a 2 dB greater conversion loss and a somewhat higher single sideband noise temperature than their GaAs counterparts. More importantly, the InGaAs/InP devices are predicted to require only one-tenth of the local oscillator power required by similar GaAs diodes