Functional connectivity characteristics of executive control network in patients with high-functioning autism aged 6 - 18 years

目的:探讨6~18岁高功能孤独症患者执行网络功能连接特点、年龄组差别及与孤独症症状的相关。方法:纳入44例6~18岁符合DSM-IV孤独症诊断标准的高功能患者及年龄、性别、智商组间匹配的31例正常对照,根据年龄将每组被试分为儿童期(6~12岁)和青春期(12~18岁)两组。选取左右侧后顶叶皮层及背外侧前额叶4个执行网络的核心脑区为种子点,计算其与全脑的功能连接。采用偏相关分析计算异常脑区功能连接与孤独症谱系障碍筛查问卷评分的相关。结果:孤独症组rdl PFC与左侧额上回/额中回/前扣带回的功能连接高于正常对照组(P <0. 05),该脑区功能连接同时呈现组别-年龄交互效应,在儿童期孤独症组高于正常对照组,在青春期低于正常对照组(均P <0. 05)。且该异常功能连接与重复刻板行为及交流问题呈负相关(r=-0. 50~-0. 45)(均P <0. 05)。结论:6~18岁高功能孤独症患者的执行网络存在过度连接特点及年龄组别差异,与重复刻板及交流症状相关

Functional connectivity difference of theory of mind related brain regions in different age groups of individuals with autism aged 6-18 years old

目的:分析社会认知中心理推理能力(ToM)相关重要脑区与其他脑区功能连接的随年龄发育模式,探讨孤独症核心症状社会交往障碍的脑机制。方法:43例6～18岁符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版孤独症诊断标准的患者及年龄、性别组间匹配的39例正常对照,选取背内侧前额叶(dMPFC)、左侧颞顶联合(1TPJ)、右侧颞顶联合(rTPJ)和右侧颞上沟(rSTS) 4个ToM相关的重要脑区,计算其与全脑体素之间的功能连接,通过单变量方差分析探索感兴趣区域的功能连接在被试中的组别及年龄交互作用;并将被试根据年龄分为儿童期(6.0～11. 9岁)和青春期(12.0～18.0岁),探讨不同年龄段的组间差异。结果:rTPJ与右侧缘上回及左侧顶下小叶的功能连接、rSTS与双侧额上/中回的功能连接均呈现出组别与年龄的交互作用(校正后P <0.05);而青春期,rTPJ和rSTS存在显著交互效应的功能连接均小于正常对照组(均

过去30a 玛纳斯河流域生态安全格局与农业生产力演变/The evolution between ecological security pattern and agricultural productive force in Manas River Basin for the past 30 years[J]

以空间地域差异明显的玛纳斯河流域为例,在遥感、GIS 和历史文献资料的支持下,对该流域上、中、下游4 个生态类型区过去30a 的生态安全状况进行了评价;采用前人修正的Costanza 模型,进行了流域整体的生态健康评价;最后分析了流域生态安全格局变化对农业生产力的影响.研究认为:过去30a 间,4 个生态类型区生态安全综合评价指数值及生态安全状况变化为:(1)上游山区指数值下降0.13,由较安全区到预警区;(2)中游绿洲城市区指数值增加0.09,由预警区到较安全区;(3)中下游绿洲农区指数值下降0.19,由预警区到中警区;(4)下游荒漠区指数值下降0.14,生态安全状况在预警区间持续下降.流域的生态健康综合评价指数值降低0.13,由健康状态到一般状态.农业生产力在大面积种植棉花的发展模式下得到了高速发展,但也导致农业耗水占到了年均引水量的90%,绿洲边缘地下水位埋深普遍下降了10 多米等生态负效应.这表明农业的表观生产力确实提高了,但潜在的生产力下降了,生态安全格局与农业生产力的演变具有同向性,以破坏生态环境为代价而提高的农业生产力是不利于生态和农业可持续发展的

基于玛纳斯河流域生态问题的生态安全评价/Eco-security assessment based on ecological problems of Manas River basin[J]

玛纳斯河流域山地-绿洲-荒漠三大生态系统表现出区域生态、经济要素的空间状况有所分异,经过几越年大规模的水土资源开发,流域不同的生态经济功能分区在环境演变和经济发展过程中所存在的生态安全问题的表现形式也各不相同.根据流域土地利用和水资源数据库,并参考各地自然、经济、社会统计资料,在生态经济功能分区的基础上,针对流域不同分区存在的生态经济安全问题选取相应的生态安全评价指标,结合实地调研和专家赋值法确定不同指标的权重,并计算综合生态安垒评价指数,对流域各个生态经济功能亚区进行生态安全评价.评估结果表明:(1)玛纳斯河流域分为3个一级区和9个二级分区,根据不同分区存在的生态安全问题选取了13个生态环境指标和4个社会经济指标；(2)Ⅱ4、Ⅲ1和Ⅲ2亚区的生态不安全指数呈上升趋势,Ⅲ3亚区逐渐下降,Ⅰ1、Ⅰ2、Ⅱ1、Ⅱ2和Ⅱ3亚区存在波动,而对于绿洲区的四个亚区而言,Ⅱ2亚区生态不安全指数最高,存在的生态安全问题最多,而Ⅱ3亚区虽地处沙漠边缘,生态不安垒指数相对最低,因此生态不安全指数高的区域需要高度重视,不高的区域由于生态问题会带来诸多不利影响,也需要重视

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies