商业银行的公司治理结构失效与内部人控制问题

当商业银行公司治理结构失效之后 ,产生的主要问题是商业银行的内部人控制问题。因此 ,目前我们要解决的是 :如何防止商业银行中的内部人控制。而激励机制是解决内部人控制问题的主要方法之一 ,要从内部进行改革

社团文化视角下的图书馆文化建设探究——以厦门大学图书馆为例

社团文化是校园文化建设的重要部分,图书馆是校园文化建设的中心地带。为了推动社团文化、图书馆文化乃至校园文化的整体发展,本文从社团文化视角下对图书馆文化建设展开研究,阐述了社团文化及图书馆文化的基本内涵,提出了将社团文化融入图书馆文化建设的重要意义和基本思路,并介绍了厦门大学图书馆的实践经验

Micellar Growth of Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions Using Dynamic Light Scattering

用动态光散射技术在 10～ 70℃温度范围内 ,通过测定胶团的平均流体力学半径随温度、盐浓度和联接基团长度的变化情况 ,研究联接基团为聚亚甲基链的阳离子季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂胶团在无机盐介质中的长大规律 .实验结果表明 ,增加盐量、降低温度和减小联接基团的长度均使平均流体力学半径变大 ,Gemini表面活性剂胶团长大时是由球状转变为棒状 .从实验测定的平流体力学半径求算了支配球 -棒转变的平衡常数及热力学函数值 ,并用NNLS (non negativelyconstrainedleastsquare)算法对胶团的粒径分布情况进行了分析 .此外 ,对具有短联接基团的Gemini表面活性剂胶团长大所具有的独特性质进行了讨论 .The micellar growth of quaternary ammonium Gemini surfactants containing methylene group spacer (referred to as C 12-s-C 12, 2Br) in inorganic salt (NaBr) media was investigated by using dynamic light scattering. The size of micelles increases with increasing salt concentration or decreasing temperature or decreasing the length of spacer chain. The enlarged micelles have a shape of prolate ellipsoid or rod. Based on these mean hydrodynamic radius (R h) measurements, values of the thermodynamic parameter K governing the sphere to rod transition were determined. Numerical values of enthalpy and entropy change for this transition were deduced from the linear plot of ln K vs. 1/T. The novel micellar growth of C 12-2-C 12, 2Br was discussed. The distribution of micelle size was analyzed by using non-negatively constrained least square (NNLS) algorithm.国家自然科学基金 (No .2 99730 33)资助项

Investigation on the Interaction between Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants and Lecithin Vesicles

采用动态光散射、ζ电势等方法研究了季铵盐二聚表面活性剂(C12-8-C12?2Br)和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)在卵磷脂囊泡中的增溶作用.C12-8-C12?2Br使囊泡粒径增大,促进脂双层向胶团的转变,过程明显分为三个阶段;而DTAB与囊泡的作用则相对缓和,72h内未见明显变化.此外,用亲水头基总体积的大小,讨论了这两种表面活性剂在脂质体中的吸附行为,并对实验现象加以解释说明.The solubilization process of quaternary ammonium surfactants within lecithin vesicles has been studied by means of optical density monitoring, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and ζ-potential. To C12-8-C12?2Br-liposome system, the vesicle-to-micelle structure transition occurred within 6 h, and could be described by a simple three-stage model. While the DTAB-liposome system remained vesicle state even af- ter 48 h. The size of total volume of hydrophilic head group (Vhead) as the main influencing factor was investigated.国家自然科学基金(No.29973033)资助项目

Infection Status and Influencing Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Patients with Condylomata Acuminata

目的了解我国内地尖锐湿疣（CA）患者的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法系统检索Pub Med、Science Direct Online、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网中关于我国内地CA患者HPV检测的文献,检索时间均为1990年1月—2013年12月。根据样本量对各文献HPV感染率进行加权合并,计算CA患者的HPV及各基因型合并感染率,并分析不同研究年份、研究地区CA患者的HPV合并感染率,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨CA患者感染/检出HPV的影响因素。结果共纳入文献67篇,累计CA患者10 757例,感染HPV 9 328例（86.7%）。CA患者的HPV合并感染率为95.7%〔95%CI（95.2%,96.2%）〕,其中合并感染率较高的前3种基因型为HPV6/11〔81.2%,95%CI（77.1%,85.2%）〕、HPV6〔43.8%,95%CI（35.2%,52.5%）〕、HPV11〔38.3%,95%CI（32.8%,43.8%）〕。1990—2003、2004—2013年CA患者的HPV合并感染率分别为96.6%〔95%CI（95.8%,97.5%）〕、94.6%〔95%CI（94.0%,95.3%）〕;东、中、西部患者的HPV合并感染率分别为95.1%〔95%CI（94.4%,95.7%）〕、91.7%〔95%CI（89.3%,94.1%）〕、96.5%〔95%CI（95.4%,97.6%）〕。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,研究年份、研究地区、标本类型、诊断方法是CA患者感染/检出HPV的影响因素（P〈0.05）。对不同基因型进行分析,结果显示,研究年份、研究地区、标本类型、诊断方法是CA患者感染/检出HPV6的影响因素,研究年份、研究地区为西部、标本类型、诊断方法是CA患者感染/检出HPV11的影响因素,研究地区为中部、标本类型是CA患者感染/检出HPV16的影响因素,研究地区、标本类型、诊断方法是CA患者感染/检出HPV18的影响因素（P〈0.05）。结论我国内地CA患者的HPV感染以HPV6、HPV11基因型为主,感染率近10年来有所下降,东部地区感染率较高。病理检查确诊、采用剥落细胞进行DNA检测,可以提高CA患者的HPV检出率。Objective To study the infection status of human papillomavirus（HPV） in patients with condylomata acuminata（CA） in mainland China and explore its influencing factors. Methods The literatures on HPV detection of CA patients in mainland China published between January 1990 and December 2013 were systematically retrieved from Pub Med,Science Direct Online, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and the VIP database. According to the sample size,HPV infection rates of each literature were weighted and combined and the infection rates of HPV and the combined infection rate of each genotype of CA patients were calculated,and the combined infection rate of HPV of CA patients in different years and areas of study was analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of CA patients infected / detected with HPV. Results A total of 67 literatures were included in the study. The number of CA patients accumulated to 10 757,and 9 328 cases（86. 7%） infected with HPV. The combined infection rate of HPV in patients with CA was 95. 7% 〔95% CI（95. 2%,96. 2%） 〕,and the top three genotypes with high infection rate were HPV6 /11 〔81. 2%,95% CI（77. 1%,85. 2%） 〕, HPV6 〔43. 8%,95% CI（35. 2%,52. 5%） 〕, HPV11〔38. 3%,95% CI（32. 8%,43. 8%） 〕. The combined infection rate of HPV in patients with CA between 1990 and 2003 and between 2004 and 2013 was 96. 6% 〔95% CI（95. 8%,97. 5%） 〕and 94. 6% 〔95% CI（94. 0%,95. 3%） 〕respectively;the combined infection rate of HPV of patients in eastern, middle and western areas was 95. 1% 〔95% CI（94. 4%,95. 7%） 〕,91. 7% 〔95% CI（89. 3%,94. 1%） 〕,and 96. 5% 〔95% CI（95. 4%,97. 6%） 〕respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the year of study,areas of study,type of specimen and methods of diagnosis significantly influenced the infection and detection of HPV in CA patients（P 0. 05）. After analyzing different genoty福建省自然科学基金青年项目（2014J05097

Size Distribution of Particle and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Particle Emissions from Simulated Emission Sources

采用再悬浮箱模拟得到不同粒径的烹调油烟、生物质和塑料燃烧烟尘、汽车尾气和发电机烟气等颗粒,并用gC/MS对不同粒径颗粒中18种多环芳烃(PAHS)进行了分析.结果表明,烹调油烟中颗粒物存在0.44~1.0μM和2.5~10μM两个峰值,稻草和木材燃烧排放烟尘只有0.44~1.0μM一个峰值,塑料燃烧排放烟尘的峰值不明显,汽车尾气尘因含有大量的水汽导致其粒径峰值出现在2.5~10μM,而发电机排放的烟尘约93%集中在≤2.5μM的粒径范围.烹调油烟和汽车尾气尘中低环数PAHS在2.5~10μM范围内的峰值明显;随环数增加,0.44~1.0μM范围内的峰值变得明显;不同排放源亚微米颗粒中单一PAH占全部颗粒态中该PAH的比例都呈现随分子量的增大而增大的趋势.烹调油烟和燃烧排放颗粒中PAHS的组成以菲占主导,但汽车尾气和发电机烟尘中含量最高的PAHS分别是萘和苯并[g,H,I]苝.来源特征比值的比较显示,烹调油烟与生物质燃烧颗粒中PAHS的源特征较为接近,但两者都不同于汽车尾气和发电机烟尘.Particles from cooking lampblack,biomass and plastics burning smoke,gasoline vehicular exhausts and gasoline generator exhausts were prepared in a resuspension test chamber and collected using a cascade MOUDI impactor.A total of 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) associated with particles were analyzed by GC-MS.The results showed that there were two peaks in the range of 0.44-1.0 μm and 2.5-10 μm for cooking lampblack,and only one peak in the range of 0.44-1.0 μm for straw and wood burning smoke.But there were no clear peak for plastics burning smoke.The peak for gasoline vehicular exhausts was found in the range of 2.5-10 μm due to the influence of water vapor associated with particles,while the particles from gasoline generator exhausts were mainly in the range of ≤2.5 μm( accounting for 93% of the total mass).The peak in 2.5-10 μm was clear for cooking lampblack and gasoline vehicular exhausts.The peak in the range of 0.44-1.0 μm became more and more apparent with the increase of PAHs molecular weight.The fraction of PAH on particles less than 1.0 μm to that on the total particles increased along with PAH's molecular weight.Phenanthrene was the dominant compound for cooking lampblack and combustion smoke,while gasoline vehicular exhausts and generator exhausts were characterized with significantly high levels of naphthalene and benzo[g,h,i]perylene, respectively.The distribution of source characteristic ratios indicated that PAHs from cooking lampblack and biomass burning were close and they were different from those of vehicular exhausts and generator exhausts.国家自然科学基金项目(40971257;41171365); 环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201009004

Investigation on the interaction between quaternary ammonium surfactants and lecithin vesicles

The solubilization process of quaternary ammonium surfactants within lecithin vesicles has been studied by means of optical density monitoring, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta-potential. To C-12-8-C(12)center dot 2Br-liposome system, the vesicle-to-micelle structure transition occurred within 6 h, and could be described by a simple three-stage model. While the DTAB-liposome system remained vesicle state even after 48 h. The size of total volume of hydrophilic head group (V-head) as the main influencing factor was investigated

Micellar growth of quaternary ammonium Gemini surfactant in aqueous solutions using dynamic light scattering

The micellar growth of quaternary ammonium Gemini surfactants containing methylene group spacer (referred to as C-12-s-C-12, 2Br) in inorganic salt (NaBr) media was investigated by using dynamic light scattering. The size of micelles increases with increasing salt concentration or decreasing temperature or decreasing the length of spacer chain. The enlarged micelles have a shape of prolate ellipsoid or rod. Based on these mean hydrodynamic radius ((R) over bar (h)) measurements, values of the thermodynamic parameter K governing the sphere to rod transition were determined. Numerical values of enthalpy and entropy change for this transition were deduced from the linear plot of ln K vs. 1/T. The novel micellar growth Of C-12-2-C-12, 2Br was discussed. The distribution of micelle size was analyzed by using non-negatively constrained least square (NNLS) algorithm

Hoisting component for strong operation type underwater robot carrier

本发明涉及水下机器人，具体是一种强作业型水下机器人载体用提升 组件。包括：提升杆，竖直设有中心贯通圆孔，上部为圆柱体，通过卡环 与中继器锁栓连接；下部为带有两个相对设置的竖直平面的圆柱体，在柱 体两侧分别设连接孔；提升座为环形，在环形上表面沿一个半径方向相对 设有起吊耳座，通过提升点销轴与提升杆的柱体两侧的连接孔安装在一起； 在环形上表面沿起吊耳座连线的垂直方向设有两限位挡块；底座圈，容置 有提升座；上压盖，与底座圈外径尺寸相同，覆盖于容置有提升座的底座 圈上表面；来自中继器的系缆穿过提升杆中心的贯通圆孔，提升座内环与 潜水器载体相连。具有供强作业型水下机器人使用、能够向任意方向倾斜 的特点

致密油储集层迂曲度变化特征研究

迂曲度是刻画多孔介质中输运过程的重要参数,对致密储集层,由于流动的非线性,流动规律和常规储集层有巨大差异,迂曲度与常规储集层亦不同。本文利用孔隙网络模型,研究了由流动非线性所带来的迂曲度改变。提出2个无量纲数:1以岩心的水动力迂曲度为基础定义无量纲迂曲度Γ,用以刻画非线性效应带来的迂曲度改变;2定义流量加权平均的孔喉半径为特征孔喉半径,并以此定义无量纲压力梯度Ρ,用以刻画压力梯度状态。本文研究了Γ随Ρ的变化规律表明,Ρ-Γ曲线具有确定的形态,且不随岩心孔隙网络的任何参数发生变化。即对于任何岩石,由流动的非线性所带来的迂曲度的改变是确定的。本文给出了Ρ-Γ曲线的拟合公式,可方便计算给定压力梯度下..