Mitä tarkoittaa, kun käsi tai jalka murtuu? : opetus- ja ohjausvideo alakouluikäisille lapsille

Opinnäytetyön tehtävänä oli suunnitella ja toteuttaa alakouluikäisille kohdennettu animaatiovideo, jossa kerrotaan, mitä tarkoittaa, kun käsi tai jalka murtuu. Tavoitteena on kehittää lapsipotilaan potilasohjausta opetus- ja ohjausvideon avulla, sekä lisätä murtumalapsipotilaan tietoa ja ymmärrystä käden tai jalan murtumasta. Video tehtiin yhteistyössä Turun yliopistollisen keskussairaalan lasten ja nuorten klinikan kanssa, joka toimi opinnäytetyön toimeksiantajana. Videossa käydään läpi murtumapotilaan hoitopolkua raajan murtumasta sen paranemiseen: mitä murtuma tarkoittaa, mitkä ovat murtuman oireita, missä murtumaa hoidetaan, miten murtumaa hoidetaan ja mitä murtuneen raajan kanssa tullaan tekemään. Animaatiovideo toteutettiin PowToon-sovelluksella. Videossa päähenkilönä on poika, joka on murtanut raajansa. Lopputuloksena saatiin neljän ja puolen minuutin video, joka julkaistaan Terveyskylä.fi-sivustolla. Terveyskylä.fi on erikoissairaanhoidon digitaalinen palvelukanava, ja se on osa Virtuaalisairaala 2.0 -hanketta. Tutkimuksien mukaan audiovisuaalisten menetelmien käyttöä potilasohjauksessa pitäisi lisätä. Usein lapsi kokee pelkoa ja ahdistusta uusissa tilanteissa, minkä vuoksi lapsen hoito ja siihen liittyvät tekstit, videot ja muut materiaalit tulee olla sellaisessa muodossa, että lapsi kykenee ne ymmärtämään. Tutkimuksia ja kyselyitä liittyen tärkeään potilasohjaukseen lapsen näkökulmasta on tehty vähän. Videosta haluttiin yleispätevä, milloin sitä voisi mahdollisesti potilasohjauksen lisäksi esittää myös esimerkiksi lapsille koulun terveystiedon tunnilla. Videota voitaisiin hyödyntää tällaisen kyselytutkimuksen yhteydessä ja saada aikaiseksi entistä parempia ja laadukkaampia potilasohjausmateriaaleja lapsipotilaille.The task of this thesis was to plan and create an animated video for children of elementary school age where the meaning of a limb fracture is explained. The aim of this educational video is to improve teaching and counseling skills in paediatric health care. The video was planned and pro-duced in cooperation with the department of paediatrics and adolescent medicine of Turku Uni-versity Hospital. The video shows all the phases from injury to healing: meaning of a fracture, symptoms, where and how the fracture will be treated and what will be done to a fractured limb. The animation video was implemented with the PowToon application. The main character of the video is a boy who has had a limb fracture. The result of this thesis is a four and a half minute animated video which will be released on Terveyskyla.fi website. Terveyskyla.fi is a digital chan-nel of Finnish special health care and part of the Virtual Hospital 2.0 project. According to researches, audiovisual education should be used more in teaching and counseling. Usually, children are frightened and anxious when it comes to new situations and for the fact that the treatment, texts and videos should be understood also by themselves. There is no specific target group for this video. In addition to teaching and counseling, the video can be used for health education in schools. There are just a few surveys of teaching and coun-seling in health care from children’s point of view. In the future, this video could be used in different kinds of surveys and researches and get even better material for paediatric health care

PAPR reduction for OFDM signals: theoretical analysis and FPGA implementation

横浜国立大学博士(工学)Due to growing concerns toward green communications, future wireless communication systems aim at higher data rate with even lower power consumption. Since the power amplifier (PA) is the major power consuming component, its power efficiency is of primary concern in green communication framework. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a great success in a modern communication system, and it is very likely to remain as a promising candidate for next generation wireless systems such as 5G and IEEE 802.11ax. Nevertheless, one of the well-known drawbacks of OFDM is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem. Due to the nonlinear characteristics, power efficiency of the PA is sacrificed to trade for desired linearity and it becomes prohibitively low when the transmitting signal has high PAPR. In order to improve PA efficiency, therefore, PAPR reduction technologies become necessary. Having fully considered the problems raised above, this dissertation focuses on deep investigation of three different PAPR reduction methods: iterative clipping and filtering (ICF), peak cancellation (PC), and trellis shaping (TS). The first motivation behind this is to provide a theoretical performance bound or limitation that the PAPR reduction can achieve under different set of parameters. The second motivation is to implement PAPR reduction schemes with reduced hardware complexity. The primary contributions of this thesis are summarized as follows: ? It reveals the limitation of ICF when considering the effect of PA that comes after the ICF in a practical circuit. ? The performance of PC applied to band-limited OFDM signals is theoretically analyzed, and its validity and limitation for practical applications are discussed. Based on the level-crossing rate approximation of the peak distribution, a closed-form expression for the achievable signal-to-distortion power ratio (SDR) is derived. We also analyze the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) as well as error vector magnitude (EVM), with which the symbol error rate (SER) over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is obtained. It thus serves as a useful and accurate tool for designing cancelling pulses as well as the threshold level, for given specific system requirements such as SDR (or EVM) and ACLR. ? Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of the peak cancellation (PC) technique is studied, and in order to reduce its hardware complexity, a novel approach for generating peak-cancelling pulses is proposed. It has been shown that the proposed PC scheme can achieve lower in-band distortion than the conventional PC with an acceptable loss in out-of-band performance. ? Finally, a novel hardware scheme of TS is presented. Practical implementation of TS is challenging, as TS involves a number of multipliers, which may not be affordable for low-cost transmitting circuits. We demonstrate the possibility of FPGA implementation of TS with a novel scheme. In particular, we focus on its hardware resource consumption and develop an approach to efficiently implement its functionality.doctoral thesi

从方言词“客边”看莆仙方言的古吴语成分

以莆仙方言中的外地人称谓语\"客边\"一词为研究对象,通过语料检索、特征对比得出该词为古吴语在莆仙方言中的遗留成分。经过探寻语言接触、地方移民等因素为\"客边\"一词在吴、莆间的流播找到原因,证明吴、莆方言间存在一定的历史联系

Pedagogy of Western Drama and Theatre as Education: History and Theories

本文在梳理西方戏剧教育学历史发展和理论体系的基础上，提炼有价值的戏剧教育理论，希望对中国未来的戏剧教育实践和研究有所帮助。西方所谓戏剧教育，往往与两个领域有关：一是专业戏剧艺术的教育领域，二是包括教育戏剧、教育剧场、创造戏剧和戏剧治疗等在内的非职业戏剧教育领域。追溯西方戏剧教育思想，已有两千五百多年的历史，但真正作为一个独立的学科出现，要到20世纪中叶。西方戏剧教育理论在20世纪60年代形成独立学科，拥有自己完整的理论体系，并形成了几十个分支学派，在戏剧学与教育学领域具有独特的重要意义。 本文将对西方戏剧教育学的形成、建立和完善进行整理和分析，论文将分史论两个部分：首先是“史”，追溯西方戏剧...This thesis is an attempt to tease out Pedagogy of Western Drama and Theatre as Education on the purpose of working out something valuable to instruct the future development of drama and theatre as education in China. Drama education in Western world is usually related to two academic fields. One is the areas in drama art which also refers to professional drama and the other is the territories of ...学位：文学博士院系专业：人文学院中文系_戏剧戏曲学学号：1022008015038

汉语方言中的话题连续性测量

在介绍Givón提出的三种测量话题连续性的方法基础之上,检测其是否同样适用于汉语及汉语方言。同时,基于测量的数据,尝试回答不同语言(或方言)的话题连续性优先序列差异成因

我国高校发展社会表演教育探微

随着戏剧艺术与社会科学各个学科的不断融合和不断渗透,出现了越来越多的新兴的交叉学科,人类表演学和社会表演学就是发源于戏剧人类学的两个新的学科。根据人类表演学和社会表演学的研究结果发现,社会和个人的发展与社会表演学的发展息息相关。发展社会表演学不但有助于个人在社会生活中的形象和行为的圆满定位,也有助于国家在世界上形象的提高和完善。中国大学素质教育已经倡导多年,提高素质教育的方法也百花齐放。文章将从社会表演学视角探讨大学素质教育的问题,为中国大学素质教育输入新鲜血液