Advances in Selective Ethylene Oligomerization Based on [PNP]-Ligand Chromium Catalysts

乙烯选择性三聚和四聚催化反应为制备1-己烯和1-辛烯提供了重要途径.在报道和披露的众多结构和组成的催化剂体系中,我们选择[PnP]配位骨架的铬催化剂体系,对其发展和应用进行了综述.论文以结构与催化性能的关联性为主线,阐述[PnP]骨架以及n和P上取代基的电子和立体空间效应对催化性能的影响.从目前的研究态势来看,[PnP]配位骨架的铬催化剂体系在乙烯选择性齐聚生产1-辛烯等线性α-烯烃方面具有发展潜力.The catalytic reaction for the selective ethylene trimerization and tetramerization provides a vital route to the production of 1-hexene and 1-octene.Among the numerous catalysts reported with diverse structures and compositions, we select the [PNP]-ligand based chromium catalysts and focus on illustration on their development and application.This contribution includes seven sections as ethylene(selective) oligomerization catalyst systems, [PNP]-ligand based Cr catalyst system, catalytic mechanism, ethylene oligomerization method, catalytic property, and conclusion and prospect, which will cover almost all of the [PNP]-ligand based Cr catalysts so far studied.In this article, we will mainly discuss the influence on the catalytic property owing to the electronic and/or steric characters of the skeleton as well as the substituents at both N and P atoms of the [PNP]-ligands.In view of the current advances in this field, this [PNP]-ligand based Cr catalyst system is of potencial in application for the production of LAO mainly as 1-octene.聚烯烃催化技术重点实验室基金(No.12DZ2260400); 国家自然科学基金(No.21473142); 教育部创新团队(No.IRT_14R31)资助项目~

2019年度海外農学実習（ドイツ）の報告

2019年度海外農学実習（ドイツ）が9月15日から22日にかけて開催され，信州大学からは教員2名と学部学生5名が参加した。学生は現地研修のほか，事前学習と事後学習を履修した。現地では12の施設等を巡検したが，これらは森林，林業，教育の3分野に大別された。いずれの分野においても，ドイツ市民の持続可能性に対する意識が強く反映されていた。Article信州大学農学部AFC報告 18: 79-83(2020)departmental bulletin pape

高速炉の構造設計プロジェクトのための要素技術

当研究所は国際的・総合的な原子力研究・教育拠点を目指している。現在取り組 んでいる『｢もんじゅ｣における高速増殖炉の実用化のための中核的研究開発』において、オールジャパ ン体制で①炉心・燃料、 ②プラント安全性、 ③プラント保全の各技術に関する研究を、本学が主体と なり取りまとめていくことになっている。事業終了後も原子力研究で中心的役割を担うためには、事業 の成果と研究ネットワークを活かし、次期プロジェクトの立ち上げを円滑に行う必要がある。 そこで、次期プロジェクトの中心課題と戦略を検討し、総合的な原子力研究の拠点を目指すこととし、 現在取り組んでいるプロジェクトでの各研究開発項目の成果の適切な取りまとめほか、社会的に注目さ れている構造・耐震性の研究に関する動向を調査した。福井大学平成２２年度重点研究「プロジェクト研究支援経費

心室細動を契機に発見された大動脈二尖弁に伴う感染性心内膜炎の1症例

症例は30歳男性。2か月前から発熱を認め近医を一度受診したのみであった。今回突然の心肺停止となり救急要請された。心室細動にて除細動が施行され心拍再開し当院搬入となった。心エコーで大動脈二尖弁であり疣賛を認めた。また、大動脈弁から三尖弁にかけて弁輪部膿瘍を認め、心電図では房室ブロックを認めたことから第3病日に緊急手術が施行された。患者は多数の商再歯があり、血液培養からグラム陰性桿菌であるActinobacillus actinomycetemocomitans(口腔内常在菌)が検出された。早期手術、抗菌薬治療が奏功し、患者は劇的に回復した。心室細動を契機として発見される感染性心内膜炎は非常に稀であり、集学的治療が救命に寄与したと考えられる

イガン オヨビ ダイチョウガン ジュツゴ ニ ハッショウシタ Clostridium difficile カンセンショウ ノ ケントウ カンレン ビョウイン ニ オケル アンケート チョウサ ノ ケッカ カラ

Objective: Retrospectively, we evaluated clinical characteristics of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) after surgery for the gastric and colorectal cancer. Methods: We surveyed the sum total of surgery for the gastric and colorectal cancer and picked out postoperative CDI in the Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital and affiliated hospitals in 2014. Results: The incidence of CDI after surgery for the gastric and colorectal cancer was 1.2%. In the Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, CDI occurred in 27 inpatients in all wards, two of them affected CDI after gastrointestinal surgery. Conclusions: The incidence of CDI after gastrointestinal surgery in this study was low as well as past reports. In order to perceive precise incidence and clinical influence of CDI, we plan to conduct a perspective clinical trial in cooperation with affiliated hospitals

“有限初始变形”屈曲实验和理论研究（英文）

The initial deformation of structures before the onset of buckling is usually very small in conventional concepts, and is always neglected in the conventional buckling theory(CBT) and numerical method(CNM). In this work, we find a class of structures from the emerging field of stretchable electronics, of which the initial deformation becomes large and essential for determining the critical buckling load. The buckling of these structures is referred to as the ‘finite-initial-deformation buckling'(FID buckling). Although great progress has been made for the buckling theory in the past hundred years, it is still challenging to analyze the FID buckling behaviors. Here, experimental stretch of a series of serpentine interconnects was firstly conducted as a representative example to show the FID buckling behaviors and the inapplicability of the CBT and CNM. The CNM can yield a huge error of 50% on the critical buckling load for the case with thickness-to-width ratio of the cross section h/b=0.6. Most importantly, a systematic theory(FID buckling theory) is developed to analyze the FID buckling behaviors of beams, with the coupling of bending, twist and stretch/compression. As a comparison, various theoretical and numerical methods are applied to three classic problems, including lateral buckling of a three-point-bending beam, lateral buckling of a pure bending beam and Euler buckling. Our FID buckling theory is able to give a good prediction, while the CBT(by Timoshenko et al.) and CNM(by commercial program packages) yield unacceptable results(with 70% error for a three-point-bending beam with h/b=0.8, for example)

Satellite altimeter data analysis of the South China Sea and the northwest Pacific Ocean:statistical features of oceanic mesoscale eddies

采用AVISO提供的卫星高度计融合数据,对南海及西北太平洋(5°~35°n,105°~150°E)1993~2009年17A间的中尺度涡活动进行统计分析.结果表明南海中尺度涡活动具有明显的年际变化,每年观测到产生的中尺度涡个数平均为21~22个,标准差约为4个,占年平均值的20%;而西北太平洋中尺度涡个数的年际差异不大,平均每年观测到150~151个中尺度涡产生,标准差约为14个,仅占年平均值的9%.中尺度涡的逐月统计结果表明南海和西北太平洋的中尺度涡活动均有明显季节变化,1993~2009年间的各月南海和西北太平洋分别观测到30~31个和213~214个中尺度涡产生,标准差分别约为6个和41个,均占各自月平均值的19%.中尺度涡主要集中分布在南海东北部、越南东部和黑潮流轴附近海域.涡动能、海面高度距平均方根以及涡度均方根的空间分布大致与涡旋个数分布一致,但在西北太平洋的低纬海区和黑潮延伸体区域则不甚吻合.在相同的涡旋判别标准下,西北太平洋低纬海区(5°~15°n)观测到的中尺度涡个数比中高纬海区要少得多.17 years(1993--2009) of merged gridded satellite altimeter sea level anomaly(MSLA) data obtained from Archiving,Validation and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic data(AVISO) are used to analyze the activity of mesoscale eddies in the South China Sea(SCS) and the northwest Pacific Ocean(NPO;5°--35°N,105°--150°E).The results indicate that the eddy activity in the SCS has distinct annual variation.The average number of newly generated mesoscale eddies observed in the SCS is 21--22 in each year and the standard deviation is around 4,accounting for 20% of the annual mean value.By contrast,in the NPO,the eddy number varies relatively little in different years.Newly generated eddies observed in the NPO average 150--151 every year with a standard deviation of about 14,only 9% of its annual mean value.The monthly statistical results suggest that there are remarkable seasonal variations in both the SCS and the NPO.The average number of newly generated mesoscale eddies observed in the SCS and the NPO per month during 1993--2009 are 30--31 and 213--214,relatively,and the standard deviations are approximately 6 and 41,both accounting for 19% of the respective monthly mean value.Eddies are observed more frequently in the northeastern SCS,east off Vietnam and the vicinity of the Kuroshio axis.The spatial patterns of eddy number distribution are about the same with each other for anticyclonic eddies and cyclonic eddies,while there are some discrepancies in terms of the specific amount and positions.The spatial patterns of eddy number distribution are in good agreement with those of the eddy kinetic energy,the root mean square of sea level anomaly and the root mean square of vorticity in the studied area,except for that in the Kuroshio Extension area and in the tropical band of the NPO.The disagreements may be caused by the large-amplitude meanders and baroclinic instabilities for the former area,and that the geostrophic hypothesis is not valid in low-latitude area for the latter one.Under the premise of the same criteria for eddy identification,mesoscale eddies observed in the tropical area(5°--15°N) of the NPO are quite less than those at higher latitudes,the reason for which may be that the Rossby deformation radius is larger there.国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2007CB411803;2009CB421208);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40976013;40821063);美国NOAA计划资助项目(05-01-11-000

Statistical analysis of the features of meso-scale eddies near the Luzon Strait

采用1993年1月到2008年12月16A融合海面高度距平数据,追踪吕宋海峡附近海域(18°~23°n,116°~126°E)中尺度涡的移动轨迹,结果表明:时间分辨率为7d的卫星高度计资料难以观测到中尺度涡从西北太平洋通过吕宋海峡传进南海的过程,但对1994年吕宋海峡中部观测到的一个气旋涡及其附近中尺度涡的运动轨迹进行分析可见,西北太平洋海面高度变化会与吕宋海峡内部海面高度耦合后向南海传播。海面高度距平数据的时间-经度图表明,西北太平洋海面高度变化信号在西传至吕宋海峡附近(121°~122°E)时出现信号不连续。对21°n,116°~140°E断面的海面高度距平数据按周期分别为1~3月、3~6月、330~390d(年信号)进行分段带通滤波,发现不同周期的西北太平洋信号穿过吕宋海峡传入南海受到的阻隔作用、向西传播的速度以及它们所受的强迫机制均不同。16 years(1993-2008) of merged sea level anomaly(MSLA) data obtained from Archiving,Validation and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic data(AVISO) are used to track the trajectories of meso-scale eddies near the Luzon Strait(LS)(18°-23°N,116°-126°E),and the results indicate that it is difficult to observe meso-scale eddies from the northwestern Pacific propagating into the South China Sea(SCS) through the LS based on the data with the temporal resolution of 7 d.The analysis on one cyclonic eddy observed in the middle of the LS in 1994,suggests that the sea level anomaly from the Northwestern Pacific propagates into the SCS through the LS after coupling with the original signal in the LS.The time-longitude diagram implies that the sea level anomaly signals become discontinuous near the LS(121°-122°E) when they propagate westward.After applying the band-pass filter to the sea level anomaly data in the section 21°N,116°-140°E with the periods of 1-3 month,3-6 month and 330-390 d,one can conclude that the signals from the Northwestern Pacific propagating into the SCS through the LS get different blocked,have different westward propagation velocity and have different forcing mechanisms for different period bands.国家重点基础研究发展计划(2007CB411803;2009CB421208);国家自然科学基金(40976013;40821063

两种运行方式下灌溉渠道的非恒定流数值模拟

为了保证灌溉渠道运行安全、合理调配水量,研究单一渠段的非恒定流过渡过程对促进灌溉管理水平是十分必要的。通过考虑灌溉渠道的不同运行方式以及节制闸的不同调控等综合影响,按照灌区常用的渠段上游常水深运行和下游常水深运行2种运行方式,应用渠道非恒定流数值模拟的特征线法及矩形网格计算格式,对梯形断面渠段由于不同闸门调控方式所引起的非恒定流过渡进行模拟,比较2种运行方式以及预报出各级节制闸调闸时间提前量,全面地反映系统动态并且较明确地模拟闸门调节过程