Organizing the innovation process : complementarities in innovation networking

This paper contributes to the developing literature on complementarities in organizational design. We test for the existence of complementarities in the use of external networking between stages of the innovation process in a sample of UK and German manufacturing plants. Our evidence suggests some differences between the UK and Germany in terms of the optimal combination of innovation activities in which to implement external networking. Broadly, there is more evidence of complementarities in the case of Germany, with the exception of the product engineering stage. By contrast, the UK exhibits generally strong evidence of substitutability in external networking in different stages, except between the identification of new products and product design and development stages. These findings suggest that previous studies indicating strong complementarity between internal and external knowledge sources have provided only part of the picture of the strategic dilemmas facing firms

管道式油气水高效分离技术

目前我国原油开采面临陆上油田采出液含水率高,以及海上平台空间局促、指标严苛等实际问题,因此对传统油气水分离技术提出了巨大挑战。中国科学院力学研究所研发的新型管道式油气水高效分离技术,主要包括T型管分离技术、柱型旋流管分离技术、以及导流片型分离技术等,不仅取得了创新性的研究成果,还进一步推动了技术成果转化,在工业现场取得了良好的应用效果,符合我国未来科学技术的发展方向

Short-Term Nonlinear Response of Tension Leg Platform in Random Sea Waves

Most of the existing mathematical models for analyzing the dynamic response of TLP are based on explicit or implicit assumptions that motions (translations and rotations) are small magnitude. However, when TLP works in severe adverse conditions, the a priori assumption on small displacements may be inadequate. In such situation, the motions should be regarded as finite magnitude. This paper will study stochastic nonlinear dynamic responses of TLP with finite displacements in random waves. The nonlinearities considered are: large amplitude motions, coupling the six degrees-of-freedom, instantaneous position, instantaneous wet surface, free surface effects and viscous drag force. The nonlinear dynamic responses are calculated by using numerical integration procedure in the time domain. After the time histories of the dynamic responses are obtained, we carry out cycle counting of the stress histories of the tethers with rain-flow counting method to get the stress range distribution

Vertical Bearing Capacity of a Partially-Embedded Pipeline on Tresca Soils

Slip-line field solutions are presented for the ultimate load of submarine pipelines on a purely cohesive soil obeying Tresca yield criterion, taking into account of pipe embedment and pipe-soil contact friction. The derived bearing capacity factors for a smooth pipeline degenerate into those for the traditional strip-line footing when the embedment approaches zero. Parametric studies demonstrate that the bearing capacity factors for pipeline foundations are significantly influenced by the pipeline embedment and the pipe-soil frictional coefficient. With the increase of pipeline embedment, the bearing capacity factor Nc decreases gradually, and finally reaches the minimum value (4.0) when the embedment equals to pipeline radius. As such, if the pipeline is directly treated as a traditional strip footing, the bearing capacity factor Nc would be over evaluated. The ultimate bearing loads increase with increasing pipeline embedment and pipe-soil frictional coefficient

海上油田含聚生产水旋流气浮装置试验研究

旋流气浮装置是海洋石油平台含聚污水的处理装置。装置将管式旋流分离器与微孔气浮、溶气气浮技术相结合,结构紧凑,占地面积小,适用于海上采油平台。针对海上油田特点试制一套处理量为15 m~3/h工业化样机,并进行油田现场试验。现场试验表明,该装置能将污水含油质量浓度从494 mg/L降到46.3 mg/L,除油率为90.6%;固体悬浮物质量浓度从269 mg/L降到41 mg/L,除悬浮物能力为84.5%

管道旋流中油芯的形成条件与形态研究

以石油工业为背景的油水流动是典型的液液两相流。对于管道中的两相流动研究主要是充分发展之后的流型、压降等等。本工作则通过实验研究了一种非稳态阶段的两相流动一经过导流片之后一段距离之内的两相旋涡流动。实验划分了不同相含率与总表观流速下的四种流动形态以及压降规律

柱型旋流器结构参数对其分离性能的影响

传统的水力旋流器在工业上已经得到了广泛的应用,但是对柱型旋流器的研究进行的非常少。影响柱型旋流器分离性能的因素很多,但结构参数是影响其性能的关键因素之一。本文采用欧拉多相流模型和雷诺应力(RSM)湍流模型,研究了结构参数(长径比和入口位置)对柱型旋流器油水分离特性的影响。计算结果表明,长径比存在一个较优值;随着入口位置接近溢流口,分离性能得到较大改善。通过室内实验,研究了柱型旋流器分流比对油水分离性能的影响。实验表明,随着旋流器分流比的增大,底流口液样中含油率逐渐降低,而溢流口中含油率先增高后降低。这些结果对柱型油水旋流器的结构优化和提高柱型旋流器的油水分离效率有重要指导作用

油气开发中的多相流问题

本研究系统阐述了油气开发中经常遇到的多相流动问题,如确定油藏量和油藏的分布与变化规律的多相渗流问题,油井中产液的变质量多相流问题,油井和立管的竖直与倾斜管多相流问题,油气水在管线中的水力与热力规律问题,输送管道系统提升泵和增压泵的性能、分离器的效率,混相流量的计量等问题。文中还简略地介绍了中国科学院力学研究所在油气水多相流模拟实验、倾斜井多相流态、稠油减阻、油气水高效分离等方面的研究工作

撬装油气分离设备在胜利海六站的试验

撬装油气水分离设备不仅可用于海上平台油井(组)条件下油气水的分离,而且调整处理流程后还可以对污水进一步处理,处理后的水可作为回注水源。通过对高含水产出液的就地分离和回注,可以有效降低集输管线压力,降低边远区块船舶拉油成本。为了开发一井多用工艺技术,低成本和解决边远区块注水水源缺乏的问题,研制了撬装油气水三相分离设备,并在胜利油田完成了室内试验和现场试验,达到了预期的目标