Application of Na-Doped Mo Electrodes on Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide(CIGS) Thin-Film Solar Cells

适量钠元素对铜铟镓硒薄膜生长具有促进作用,本文主要研究了掺钠钼电极特性及其对铜铟镓硒薄膜太阳能电池性能的影响。利用磁控溅射方法制备不同厚度的钼钠/钼(MO nA/MO)薄膜作为背电极,并在(MO nA/MO)薄膜电极上蒸镀铜铟镓硒(CIgS)薄膜,并利用单质硒源硒化处理后制备CIgS薄膜电池。SEM和Xrd结果表明采用三层叠层MO/MO/MO nA薄膜做电极的MO nA容易被氧化,电阻率增加,采用四层叠层MO/MO/MO nA/MO薄膜电极方式有效降低电阻率,阻止MO nA被氧化,CIgS晶粒较大且致密。在同一条件下,在不同MO nA/MO厚度电极上制备CIgS薄膜电池,80 nM MO nA厚度上的CIgS薄膜电池效率达6.54%。An appropriate concentration of Na element is able to promote the growth of Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide(CIGS) thin films.This paper is mainly focused on the study of characteristics of Na-doped Mo electrodes and their effect on the performance of CIGS thin-film solar cells.In this work, the thin-film CIGS solar cells were fabricated as follows:(i) different thicknesses of Mo Na/Mo thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering were used as back electrodes;(ii) CIGS thin films were evaporated on the top of Mo Na/Mo electrodes;(iii) the CIGS thin films were post-processed by selenation process using an elemental Se source and later CIGS solar cells were finally made.The results of SEM and XRD reveal that, for the solar cells using three layers of Mo/Mo/Mo Na thin films as an electrode, Mo Na is easily oxidized and the resistivity of electrode increases, while, for the solar cells using four layers of Mo/Mo/Mo Na/Mo thin films as an electrode, the resistivity of electrode can be effectively reduced, Mo Na can be prevented from being oxidized and the CIGS grains are large and dense.Under the same experimental conditions, for the CIGS solar cells with different thicknesses of Mo Na/Mo thin films as electrodes, the CIGS solar cell using Mo Na with a thickness of 80 nm as an electrode has the highest conversion efficiency of 6.54%国家985资助项目(No.1270K51001

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies