新疆玛纳斯河流域荒漠区生态工程建设的民意调查

新疆玛纳斯河流域荒漠区生态工程的主要目标是保护和整治生态环境,为发展地方经济提供了环境保障,它产生的经济效益、生态效益越来越受到人们的关注。本文采用问卷调查的方法,对新疆玛纳斯河流域荒漠区生态工程建设进行民意调查。结果表明:(1)被调查者中88.89%的人认为驼铃梦坡工程是值得修建,94.97%以上的被调查者愿意参加生态工程建设;(2)被调查者中91.06%的人对生态工程有出力或出钱的意愿;(3)被调查者认为在生态环境的建设中,应该体现一定的经济效益,如种植文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia)、大芸(Cistanche deserticola)、经济林等

Dwarf Reasons of Mangrove Plant Kandelia obovata in Shancheng Bay,Fujian

明确了低温和淹水对分布在福建沙埕湾(27°17′N,120°18′E)的红树植物秋茄(Kandelia obovata)生长的直接作用方式,探讨了纬度较高地区秋茄矮化的原因,以期在全球气候变暖影响下,为中国纬度较高地区红树林人工造林提供理论指导。通过调查福建省福鼎市沙埕湾高潮淹水线上下秋茄末端小枝生长状况、不同相对高程秋茄高度以及淹水线上下温度的实时监测,研究低温和淹水对纬度较高地区秋茄生长的影响。结果表明,低温对该地区秋茄淹水线以上部分影响显著,主要表现在枝条和叶片受低温胁迫严重,生长缓慢,顶端顶芽大量枯死;相对高程与秋茄的高度显著负相关;淹水降低了秋茄叶片的光合能力。淹水降低了低温对沙埕湾秋茄生长的胁迫程度,且对秋茄向上生长有一定的促进作用,但是在低温和强潮差的影响下,在纬度较高地区很难营造出高大繁茂的秋茄林。This study explicated the ways that how low temperature and water flooding had directly influenced the growth of mangrove plant Kandelia obovata distributed in Shacheng Bay(27°17′N,120°18′E), Fujian province where latitude is higher than 25°N and discussed the dwarf reasons of mangrove plants in higher latitude.Under the influence of global warming, it can provide the theoretical guidance for mangrove afforestation in higher-latitude areas in China. Through the survey of the growth status of the shoots of Kandelia obovata and the real-time monitoring of temperature under and above the flooded waterline and the tree height at different relative elevation for Kandelia obovata in Shacheng Bay, how low temperature and flooding influenced the growth of Kandelia obovata was studied. The results showed that low temperature had significant effects on Kandelia obovata growth, especially the part above the flooded waterline, mainly displayed in the branches and leaves of Kandelia obovata were strongly subjected to the low temperature stress, growing slowly, the bud withering at the top of crown; there was significant negative correlation between the Kandelia obovata height and the relative elevation; flooding reduced the photosynthetic capacity of Kandelia obovata leaves. To a certain extent, flooding could reduce the low temperature stress impact on the growth of Kandelia obovata and promote the upward growth of Kandelia obovata in higher-latitude area. But under the influence of low temperature and strong tidal range, a tall Kandelia obovata forest could not be built in higher-latitude regions.国家重点研发计划项目课题(2016YFC0502904);; 广西科学院基本科研业务费项目(13YJ25HS04和12YJ25HS15)资

自然灾害的人口影响分析:人口数量和人口社会经济结构的变化

在西方自然灾害及灾后恢复与人口变化关系的理论和实证研究基础上,构建了中国自然灾害影响人口变化的实证模型。通过控制人口变化的社会经济变量,探索性研究了自然灾害对中国人口数量以及低保人数变化的影响,发现灾害损失额与人口数量增长和低保人数增长呈正相关,提示我们中国当今的灾害救助和灾后恢复政策不应过度重视短期的经济恢复,而忽视了因此而产生的长期的负面人口影响。针对研究所发现的不良人口后果,提出了避免人口过度聚集和保障农村弱势群体的政策性思考

漫溢干扰过程中微地形对幼苗定居的影响/Effects of the microhabitats on the seedling emergence during the flooding disturbance[J]

通过对比漫溢干扰后边坡、坡中和坡底幼苗的物种组成、密度、幼苗周边的环境条件及土壤种子库的差异来分析漫溢干扰过程中,微地形对幼苗定居的影响.结果表明:(1)微地形对幼苗物种组成和生物多样性指数的影响很大.漫溢干扰后,位于边坡、坡中和坡底幼苗的Simpson多样性指数和Mcintosh均匀度指数在0.01的水平上差异极显著,Margalef丰富度指数在0.05的水平上差异显著.(2)微地形对土壤盐分含量影响很大.方差分析的结果表明,除HCO3-和K+外,边坡、坡中和坡底的pH值、C023-、SO24-、Ca2+和Mg2+各指标在0.01的水平上差异极显著；全盐、总盐、Cl-和Na+各指标均在0.05的水平上差异显著.(3)微地形通过改变幼苗定居的环境条件,进而影响幼苗库的物种组成、密度和生物多样性指数.微地形中,幼苗库的各种生态指标均小于对应的土壤种子库的生态指标,从坡底到坡中到边坡,除单位面积上的植被密度外,土壤种子库和幼苗库的各项生态指标的变化趋势均不同

生态输水对塔里木河下游胡杨主干径向生长量影响研究——以依干不及麻断面为例/Influence of ecological irrigation on the trunk growth of Populus euphratica in the lower reaches of the Tarim River——A case of Yiganbujima Section[J]

借鉴树木年轮学的方法,运用LINTABTM6型树木年轮测定仪读取钻芯的年轮宽度,研究塔里木河下游的胡杨在生态输水前后主干径向生长量变化规律.结果表明:(1)输水前后胡杨主干径向生长量变化较明显.输水前(1990-1999年)径向生长量为1.078mm,而输水后(2000-2008年)是1.764mm,比输水前增加了0.686mm.(2)胡杨径向生长量对输水的响应具有滞后性,输水后3-4年胡杨生长量达到最高值.(3)距河道不同距离的胡杨主干径向生长量存在显著差异性,整体上随着离河道距离的增加,胡杨径向生长量呈现下降趋势

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies