Probability Safety Analysis of Simplified CPR1000 Main Feedwater System and AP1000 Passive Containment Cooling System

随着数字化仪控系统在核电厂中得到越来越多的应用，其可靠性对核电安全也越来越重要。传统概率安全分析方法已在模拟仪控系统中得到广泛应用，但在分析具有新设备和新技术的数字化仪控系统时还存在不足。动态概率安全分析方法中，Markov/CCMT是较为符合数字化仪控特性的概率安全分析方法之一。 本文主要是应用故障树、Markov和Markov/CCMT三种方法对简化CPR1000主给水系统和简化AP1000非能动安全壳冷却系统分别进行安全分析，其中简化CPR1000主给水系统在设置故障时偏重于数字类故障，简化AP1000非能动安全壳冷却系统在设置故障时偏重于机械类故障。期望通过分析结果的对比得到各个方法...With the development of digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems, nuclear power plants are in the process of replacing and upgrading aging and obsolete instrumentation and control (l&C) systems with digital I&C systems. However, there are no consensus methods for quantifying the reliability of digital systems. The ability of traditional probability safety analysis (PSA) methodologies like...学位：工学硕士院系专业：能源学院_核工程与材料学号：3242013115228

虚拟现实场景在线可视化编辑技术的实现

随着虚拟现实技术的快速发展,VR在建筑领域的应用越来越广泛,虚拟场景的可视化编辑成为一个热门的研究课题.通过对建筑产品虚拟展示系统的研究,结合多年的工程经验和面向对象方法,给出了虚拟场景对象原型的定义;结合VRML和HTML的脚本编程,提出一个快速实现虚拟场景可视化编辑的技术方法;开发了在线可视化编辑系统,在实际项目中进行应用,极大地提高了工作效率

基于参数化设计的虚拟现实技术应用——厦门五缘湾“鹦鹉螺”音乐厅

随着计算机软件与硬件技术的高速发展,虚拟现实技术的应用越来越广泛。VRML是基于网络的三维语言,是Web3D的代表。本文通过在厦门五缘湾"鹦鹉螺"音乐厅的方案设计过程中,结合参数化设计方法和面向对象编程技术,应用VRML对建筑设计的虚拟现实可视化设计进行了实践,并证明该方法在建筑方案可视化决策中可以发挥巨大作用,大大提高了工程的设计效率和设计质量

米非司酮对人耐药卵巢癌细胞增殖、凋亡及其对紫杉醇敏感性的影响

背景与目的:米非司酮是有效的孕酮受体拮抗剂。研究发现,米非司酮对体内外卵巢癌细胞均具有生长抑制作用,但机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨米非司酮对人耐药卵巢癌细胞A2780/T增殖、凋亡及其对紫杉醇敏感性的影响,为临床应用米非司酮治疗耐药性卵巢癌提供实验依据。方法:体外培养人卵巢癌耐药细胞A2780/T,采用CCK-8法检测单用米非司酮及合用紫杉醇时对A2780/T细胞增殖的影响,分析米非司酮与紫杉醇在抑制耐药卵巢癌细胞增殖中的相互作用。采用流式细胞术分析米非司酮及米非司酮联合紫杉醇对A2780/T细胞凋亡的影响。结果:实验所选各种浓度(0.625～20μg/mL)米非司酮对A2780/T和A2780细胞均有一定程度的生长抑制作用,并呈浓度依赖性。当紫杉醇浓度为1.25或2.5μg/mL,合用米非司酮浓度为20、10、5、2.5、1.25或0.625μg/mL时,能显著抑制A2780/T细胞的增殖,并显示两种药物的协同作用(q>1.15)。当紫杉醇浓度为0.625或5μg/mL时,仅表现为两种药物的相加作用(0.85<q<1.15)。米非司酮可诱导A2780/T细胞凋亡。当米非司酮浓度为1.25、2.5和5μg/mL时,细胞凋亡率分别为(15.50±1.48)%、(26.28±0.76)%和(45.13±0.91)%。当以上3种浓度米非司酮与2.5μg/mL紫杉醇联合作用时,显示了两种药物在诱导A2780/T细胞凋亡作用上的协同效应。结论:米非司酮能够显著抑制人卵巢癌细胞A2780/T和A2780增殖,诱导A2780/T细胞凋亡,并能增强A2780/T细胞对紫杉醇的敏感性

Development and Application of a Novel Neutralization Test for Echovirus 25

目的:建立一种新型的快速、高通量的埃可病毒25型(ECHO25)中和抗体检测方法,并初步评价其在ECHO25中和抗体筛选和血清流行病学调查中的应用价值。方法:应用免疫荧光方法筛选ECHO25高亲和性抗体并将其作为检测单抗,结合酶联免疫斑点检测技术(ELISPOT)建立ECHO25中和抗体检测方法;使用不同效价的血清评价该方法的准确性;采用所建立的中和方法对ECHO25单克隆抗体、临床血清样品进行检测。结果:建立了快速检测ECHO25中和抗体的Nt-ELISPOT方法,以ECHO25单克隆抗体5B9作为检测抗体;相比经典的中和实验方法 Nt-CPE,该方法可显著缩短检测时间(从5~7 d缩短至1 d以内),检测结果具有较好的一致性;采用所建立的Nt-ELISPOT方法首次筛选获得3株对ECHO25具有较好中和能力的单克隆抗体;临床血清样品检测结果显示厦门地区可能存在ECHO25的流行。结论:该方法可以应用于中和抗体筛选和血清学的临床辅助诊断,为ECHO25的防治研究提供支持。Objective: To establish a rapid and high-throughput neutralization test for echovirus 25(ECHO25),and evaluate its application in neutralizing antibody screening and seroepidemiological surveys. Methods: Immuno-fluorescence assay was applied to screen a high affinity antibody, which was used as the detection antibody forECHO25, and a rapid neutralization test was established based on enzyme- linked immunospot assay(Nt-ELISPOT). The accuracy of this method was evaluated by detecting serum samples with different titer. Monoclonalantibodies against ECHO25 and clinical serum samples were detected via the established neutralization test. Results: A rapid method to detect neutralizing antibody against ECHO25 was established and an anti-ECHO25 anti-body, 5B9, was used as the detection antibody. The detection period could be shortened significantly comparedwith the classical neutralization test(Nt- CPE)(from five to seven days to less than one day), and the Nt-ELISPOT had good consistency with the Nt- CPE. Meanwhile, three neutralizing antibodies for ECHO25 werescreened firstly by this method. The detection results of clinical serum samples showed that infection of ECHO25 might be popular in Xiamen. Conclusion: This method can be used in neutralizing antibody screening and seroepi-demiological surveys, and it may provide support for the control of ECHO25.国家自然科学基金(81371817,81401669

一种可药物筛选及体内检测的新型慢病毒基因治疗载体的构建

为实现基因治疗过程中的有效药物筛选及体内检测,首次利用核糖体内部进入位点(IRES)构建了同时携带O6-烷基鸟嘌呤-DNA烷基转移酶(MGMT)的突变型P140K基因和荧光素酶(Luciferase)基因的慢病毒载体pBobi-MIL。RT-PCR、免疫荧光、药物筛选克隆形成及化学发光检测等实验结果表明感染重组慢病毒L-MIL的细胞能同时表达MGMT及Luciferase。构建成功的新型慢病毒载体为今后的基因治疗奠定了基础,也为慢病毒滴度的确定提供了一种新的可能

Virus-Free and Live-Cell Visualizing SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry for Studies of Neutralizing Antibodies and Compound Inhibitors

新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2在全球蔓延，给全球公共卫生带来严重威胁。快速研制疫苗、抗体和治疗药物成为科学界面临的重大挑战。由于SARS-CoV-2的高度传染性，采用病毒感染模型进行中和抗体及小分子抑制剂的药效评估需要在高等级生物安全实验室中进行，且常需要数天时间才能完成检测，限制了抗体和药物筛选的效率。发展快速、可视、不依赖于活病毒的新冠病毒入胞检测探针和细胞模型，对于加速新冠病毒抗体和药物的研究有重要意义。夏宁邵教授团队通过CHO真核表达系统高效表达制备出C端融合抗酸荧光蛋白Gamillus的重组新冠病毒spike蛋白STG。STG经SEC分子筛和冷冻电镜确认呈现与天然病毒刺突高度相似的三聚体结构，且与ACE2有很高的亲和力（18.2nM）。STG具备良好的细胞相容性和荧光性质，研究者进一步开发了可定量测定感染恢复期血清、疫苗免疫血清中和抗体（入胞阻断抗体）水平的CSBT检测方法。除了抗体检测评估方面的应用外，该研究发展的探针和模型还可用于筛选分析抑制新冠病毒入胞及胞内转运的小分子化合物。 我校博士后张雅丽，博士生王邵娟、巫洋涛，博士后侯汪衡、袁伦志和深圳市第三人民医院沈晨光博士为共同第一作者。厦门大学夏宁邵教授、袁权教授、程通教授为该论文共同通讯作者。The ongoing corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths. Cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2, which is mediated by the viral spike protein and ACE2 receptor, is an essential target for the development of vaccines, therapeutic antibodies, and drugs. Using a mammalian cell expression system,a genetically engineered sensor of fluorescent protein (Gamillus)-fused SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer (STG) to probe the viral entry process is developed.In ACE2-expressing cells, it is found that the STG probe has excellent performance in the live-cell visualization of receptor binding, cellular uptake, and intracellular trafficking of SARS-CoV-2 under virus-free conditions. The new system allows quantitative analyses of the inhibition potentials and detailed influence of COVID-19-convalescent human plasmas, neutralizing antibodies and compounds, providing a versatile tool for high-throughput screening and phenotypic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors. This approach may also be adapted to develop a viral entry visualization system for other viruses.This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81993149041 for N.X.; 81902057 for Y.Z.; 81871316 and U1905205 for Q.Y.), the National Science and Technology Major Project of Infectious Diseases (No. 2017ZX10304402‐002‐003 for T.C. and No. 2017ZX10202203‐009 for Q.Y.), the National Science and Technology Major Projects for Major New Drugs Innovation and Development (No. 2018ZX09711003‐005‐003 for T.C.), the Science and Technology Major Project of Fujian (2020YZ014001), the Science and Technology Major Project of Xiamen (3502Z2020YJ01), and the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2020A1515010368 for C.S.). 该研究得到了国家自然科学基金、传染病防治国家科技重大专项、福建省应急科技攻关项目和厦门应急科技攻关项目的支持

Relationships between school enjoyment and absence behavior in the context of transition across grade levels in junior high school

不登校児童生徒の割合は，とりわけ中学校1年生と中学校2年生において顕著に増加する。本研究はこの問題を受けて，学年移行期における欠席行動の説明要因を明らかにすることを主たる目的とする。具体的には，学校適応状態の指標である学校享受感を移行前後で測定し，そのレベルと変化が移行後の欠席行動と関連するのかを，短期縦断調査によって検討した。1年生に進級した484名，2年生に進級した543名を対象に調査を行った結果，（1）1年生，2年生への移行前後において，学校享受感のレベルと変化には個人差があることが示された。（2）学年移行後の欠席日数はゼロ過剰ポアソン分布に従う可能性が示された。（3）欠席行動の有無には，学校享受感のレベルと変化の両方が影響していることが確認された。これらの結果を受けて，学年移行期における不登校の予防に向けて，学校享受感の視点から支援方策について考察した。In Japan, school non-attendance remarkably increases in 1st and 2nd grade of junior high school. The present study was aimed to investigate the factors that influenced absence behaviors in the new school year of secondary school. To be specific, firstly we measured students’ school enjoyment before and after the school year transition, which made a two-wave longitudinal research. Then the mechanism was discussed that level and change of school enjoyment influenced absence behavior. As a result of the analysis of 484 students who transited to the 1st grade and 543 students who transited to the 2nd grade of junior high school, we figured out as following. (1) There were significant individual differences in the level and change of school enjoyment during the school year transition. (2) The data of school absence behavior was verified to fit the zero-inflated poisson distribution well. (3) Both level and change of school enjoyment were examined to affect absence behavior in new school year. The higher level school enjoyment remained, or the more school enjoyment improved, the less possible the student would conduct the absence behavior. Based on the results, support measures were discussed in order to prevent the phenomenon of school non-attendance