新型二维轮轨耦合单元及OpenSees实现

基于轮轨竖向非线性接触关系,提出一种新型通用二维轮轨耦合单元模型,并在有限元OpenSees软件平台上实现。所提单元由轮节点和所有可能与之接触的梁单元节点组成,通过建立和求解关于轮轨作用力的一元三次方程,得到轮轨之间的接触力,计算由轮轨相互作用产生的耦合单元各节点力,定义为单元内力。通过与文献中计算结果对比,验证了该单元模型的准确性和可靠性,基于此模型分析高速列车通过桥梁时在轨道不平顺激励和地震作用下的动力响应。此耦合单元模型易于集成到有限元计算平台中,能与已有的列车模型、轨道和桥梁等模型联合使用,能够考虑轨道不平顺和轮轨脱离等情况,可用来分析复杂竖向车桥耦合系统的动力问题。国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0701106);;国家自然科学基金(51578473);;厦门市交通基础设施智能管养工程技术研究中心开放基金(TCIMI201801

古田山国家级自然保护区白颈长尾雉的分布格局及其季节变化

为了解浙江省古田山国家级自然保护区内白颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus ellioti)的分布格局和季节变化, 2014年5月至2016年4月,我们对其进行了为期2年的网格化监测。共有44个公里网格拍摄到白颈长尾雉,独立探测数量为211次,雌雄性比为1:1.64。白颈长尾雉主要分布在实验区和缓冲区,其探测率在常绿落叶阔叶混交林、杉木(Cunninghamialanceolata)林、针阔叶混交林、人工油茶(Camelliaoleifera)林和常绿阔叶林中依次递减,主要分布在海拔600–800 m。冬、春两季,白颈长尾雉活动强度和区域相对较小,而夏、秋两季活动强度和区域相对增加,其分布在海拔段(F_(4,12)=3.76, P 0.05)。这表明白颈长尾雉的活动在很大程度上受海拔和气温影响,随月平均气温的升高有向高海拔迁移的趋势。模型选择和多模型推断显示,最优模型仅保留"100 m内水源"这一个变量,次优模型是"100 m内水源×海拔",最优和次优模型的权重分别为0.18和0.14,"100m内水源"和"海拔"是影响白颈长尾雉在保护区内分布的重要因子,重要值分别为0.82和0.51。因此,白颈长尾雉的分布并非仅由某一个或几个环境变量决定,而是由多个环境变量共同决定。气温的变化和对不同海拔段的选择是导致白颈长尾雉形成不同季节分布格局的原因

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies