Modulation of microbial predator-prey dynamics by phosphorus availability: Growth patterns and survival strategies of bacterial phylogenetic clades

We simultaneously studied the impact of top-down (protistan grazing) and bottom-up (phosphorus availability) factors on the numbers and biomasses of bacteria from various phylogenetic lineages, and on their growth and activity parameters in the oligo-mesotrophic Piburger See, Austria. Enhanced grazing resulted in decreased proportions of bacteria with high nucleic acid content (high-NA bacteria) and lower detection rates by FISH. There was a change in the composition of the bacterial assemblage, whereby Betaproteobacteria were heavily grazed while Alphaproteobacteria and Cytophaga—Flavobacterium—Bacteroides were less affected by predators. Changes in bacterial assemblage composition were also apparent in the treatments enriched with phosphorus, and even more pronounced in the incubations in dialysis tubes (allowing relatively free nutrient exchange). Here, Betaproteobacteria became dominant and appeared to act as successful opportunistic competitors for nutrients. In contrast, Actinobacteria did not respond to surplus phosphorus by population growth, and, moreover, maintained their small size, which resulted in a very low biomass contribution. In addition, significant relationships between high-NA bacteria and several bacterial phylogenetic clades were found, indicating an enhanced activity status. By combining several single-cell methods, new insight is gained into the competitive abilities of freshwater bacteria from a variety of phylogenetic lineages under contrasting sets of bottom-up and top-down constraint

Embedded Operating System for MicroBlaze

This paper presents a work in progress on experiments with embedded operating systems for the MicroBlaze processor. Modern embedded systems based on a configurable platform incorporating a similar processor core are gaining importance with the ongoing effort to minimize cost and development time. After an overview of the configurable platform based on this processor core, we devote our attention to uClinux OS. This OS has been successfully ported for the MicroBlaze processor, and we present our current experience with it. At the end of the paper we discuss several possible booting strategies and recommend further development of U-BOOT.

Modulation of microbial predator-prey dynamics by phosphorus availability: Growth patterns and survival strategies of bacterial phylogenetic clades

We simultaneously studied the impact of top-down (protistan grazing) and bottom-up (phosphorus availability) factors on the numbers and biomasses of bacteria from various phylogenetic lineages, and on their growth and activity parameters in the oligo-mesotrophic Piburger See, Austria. Enhanced grazing resulted in decreased proportions of bacteria with high nucleic acid content (high-NA bacteria) and lower detection rates by FISH. There was a change in the composition of the bacterial assemblage, whereby Betaproteobacteria were heavily grazed while Alphaproteobacteria and Cytophaga—Flavobacterium—Bacteroides were less affected by predators. Changes in bacterial assemblage composition were also apparent in the treatments enriched with phosphorus, and even more pronounced in the incubations in dialysis tubes (allowing relatively free nutrient exchange). Here, Betaproteobacteria became dominant and appeared to act as successful opportunistic competitors for nutrients. In contrast, Actinobacteria did not respond to surplus phosphorus by population growth, and, moreover, maintained their small size, which resulted in a very low biomass contribution. In addition, significant relationships between high-NA bacteria and several bacterial phylogenetic clades were found, indicating an enhanced activity status. By combining several single-cell methods, new insight is gained into the competitive abilities of freshwater bacteria from a variety of phylogenetic lineages under contrasting sets of bottom-up and top-down constraint

Asymmetric organocatalytic synthesis of tertiary azomethyl alcohols: key intermediates towards azoxy compounds and α-hydroxy-β-amino esters

A series of peracylated glycosamine-derived thioureas have been synthesized and their behavior as bifunctional organocatalysts has been tested in the enantioselective nucleophilic addition of formaldehyde tert-butyl hydrazone to aliphatic α-keto esters for the synthesis of tertiary azomethyl alcohols. Using the 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glucosamine derived 3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl thiourea the reaction could be accomplished with high yields (75-98%) and moderate enantioselectivities (50-64% ee). Subsequent high-yielding and racemization-free tranformations of both aromatic- and aliphatic-substituted diazene products in a one pot fashion provide a direct entry to valuable azoxy compounds and α-hydroxy-β-amino esters.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CTQ2016-76908-C2-1-P, CTQ2016- 76908-C2-2-P, contract RYC-2012-10014 for G. de G.European Funds FEDERJunta de Andalucía 2012/FQM 107

Mobile Access to Information in the Agrarian Sector

The paper treats the analysis of possibilities how to make web applications of the agrarian web portal Agris accessible to mobile devices of various platforms. The principal requirements for the mobile version of the application are: a possibility to be functional off-line, the implementation of all basic modules (papers, prices, warnings) and a conservative design. On the basis of the agrarian web portal Agris analysis we postulated a concept when a native mobile application for the Android platform, a hybrid mobile application for the Android, iOS and Windows Phone 8 platforms and an optimal valid web output for mobile web browsers (responsive layout) will be developed. Native and hybrid applications will allow users to work both in online and off-line modes. The access via a web browser will require a permanent connection. The proposed solution of mobile versions of the agrarian web portal Agris represents a universal solution of problems with mobile access to information sources when rural areas are not adequately covered with a high-speed wireless connection to the Internet, in contrast to a large extension of modern mobile devices

1999 Quadrantids and the lunar Na atmosphere

Enhancements of the Na emission and temperature from the lunar atmosphere were reported during the Leonids meteor showers of 1995, 1997 and 1998. Here we report a search for similar enhancement during the 1999 Quadrantids, which have the highest mass flux of any of the major streams. No enhancements were detected. We suggest that different chemical-physical properties of the Leonid and Quadrantid streams may be responsible for the difference.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in MNRA

Glottal source analysis of voice deficits in basal ganglia dysfunction: evidence from de novo Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease

Dysphonia is a common speech disruption in people with Parkinson's (PD) and Huntington's (HD). Though the glottal source analysis (GSS) yielded promising results in PD, no study analyzed utility of the GSS in HD. In addition, the potential GSS sex-dependency remains unknown. This study examines sustained vowel phonations provided by 40 PD, 40 HD and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy participants using six GSS features including normalized amplitude quotient, quasi-open quotient, magnitude difference of first two spectral peaks, harmonic richness factor, maximum dispersion quotient (MDQ), and peak slope. Our results showed significant differences in HD men and women compared to the healthy counterpart, suggesting breathiness (p < 0.01), tension (p < 0.001), and decreased timbre (p < 0.01) in HD. Reported sex-related differences highlighted the sensitivity of the GSS towards the speaker's sex. The correlation analysis revealed significant relationship between disease severity and MDQ in HD men

Comparison of acoustic measures of dysphonia in Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease: Effect of sex and speaking task

This study investigated whether voice quality is differentially affected in two distinct basal ganglia disorders causing hypokinetic and hyperkinetic dysarthria, including effects of gender and speaking task. The sustained vowel phonations and monologues of 40 de novo Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, 40 Huntington's disease (HD) patients, and 40 healthy control participants were evaluated. Using cepstral peak prominence extracted from sustained phonation, differences from controls were found for male and female HD patients (p < 0.05) but only male PD patients (p < 0.05). Using the glottal-to-noise excitation ratio obtained from monologue, differences from controls were detected for male and female PD groups (p < 0.05) but only male HD group (p < 0.05). In general, female patients show better voice quality. Our findings highlight that selecting suitable acoustic measures and speaking material is essential for adequate evaluation of dysphonia severity across differing etiologies