594 research outputs found
Callistosporium Singer, a New Genus Record For Turkish Mycobiota
DergiPark: 696547trkjnatBu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye mikobiyotası için yeni bir kaydı tanıtmaktdır. Benzer makro- ve mikromorfoloji ve yüksek çekirdek ribozomal büyük alt ünite dizi benzerliğine bakılarak bu mantar Callistosporium olivascens (Boud.) Bon. olarak teşhis edildi. Literatür araştırmalarına göre bu bulgu cinsin Türkiye’deki ilk kaydıdır.This study aims to describe and introduce a new record for the Turkish mycobiota. Based on the similar macro- and micromorphology, and high nuclear ribosomal large subunit sequence similarity, the mushroom was identified as Callistosporium olivascens (Boud.) Bon. According to the literature research, we found out that this finding is the first record of the genus Callistosporium in Turkey
Trimming of Finite Subsets of the Manhattan Plane
V. Turaev defined recently an operation of "Trimming" for pseudo-metric
spaces and analysed the tight span of (pseudo-)metric spaces via this process.
In this work we investigate the trimming of finite subspaces of the Manhattan
plane. We show that this operation amounts for them to taking the metric center
set and we give an algorithm to construct the tight spans via trimming.Comment: 24 pages, 14 figure
Forward Osmosis Membrane Technology in Wastewater Treatment
In recent times, membrane technology has proven to be a more favorable option in wastewater treatment processes. Membrane technologies are more advantageous than conventional technologies such as efficiency, space requirements, energy, quality of permeate, and technical skills requirements. The forward osmosis (FO) membrane process has been widely applied as one of the promising technologies in water and wastewater treatment. Forward osmosis uses the osmotic pressure difference induced by the solute concentration difference between the feed and draw solutions. The proces requires a semi-permeable membrane which has comparable rejection range in size of pollutants (1 nm and below). This chapter reviews the application of FO membrane process in wastewater treatment. It considers the advantages and the disadvantages of this process
Entropy in Born-Infeld gravity
There is a class of higher derivative gravity theories that are in some sense natural extensions of cosmological Einstein's gravity with a unique maximally symmetric classical vacuum and only a massless spin-2 excitation about the vacuum and no other perturbative modes. These theories are of the Born-Infeld determinant form. We show that the macroscopic dynamical entropy as defined by Wald for bifurcate Killing horizons in these theories are equivalent to the geometric Bekenstein-Hawking entropy (or more properly Gibbons-Hawking entropy for the case of de Sitter spacetime) but given with an effective gravitational constant which encodes all the information about the background spacetime and the underlying theory. We also show that the higher curvature terms increase the entropy. We carry out the computations in generic n dimensions including the particularly interesting limits of three, four and infinite number of dimensions. We also give a preliminary discussion about the black hole entropy in generic dimensions for the Born-Infeld theories
Sigara içme durumlarına göre öğretmenlerin sosyodemografik özelliklerinin ve yaşam kalitelerinin değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye'nin Doğu Karadeniz bölgesinden kesitsel bir çalışma
Introduction: Smoking related health disorders are particularly common after long-term cigarette use and accordingly cumulative side effects of smoking usually do not appear in younger individuals. Therefore, for evaluating the contemporary effects of smoking in healthy individuals quality of life has become a fundamental criterion. In this study our aims are evaluating factors affecting school teachers' smoking status and comparing quality of life them according to their cigarette smoking status.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted between March 1 and June 30, 2015, included all government school teachers in Hopa. A sociodemographic data form and World Health Organisation Quality of Life-bref (WHOQL-bref) questionnaire were used. Statistical analysis was performed via SPSS 20. To evaluate the reliability of the WHOQOL-bref questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha co-efficiency was calculated for each domain separately.
Results: Statistical analysis was performed on 327 participants' data. The mean age of the teachers was 34.2 +/- 8.73 and 50.2% of them were female. Most of the teachers were never smokers (67.8%) and current smokers' made up 20.1% of the population. Mean Fagerstrom score of current smokers was 4.1 +/- 1.96. Multinominal logistic regression analysis showed that there was a positive association between male gender and current smoking (OR= 2.25; 95% CI: 1.17-4.32; p< 0.05). Perception of quality of life and perception of health status scores were lower in the current smoker group as compared to never smokers (p< 0.05). However, other quality of life domains were not significantly different among smoking groups. Also, none of the quality of life domains differed significantly according to current smokers' nicotine dependence level.
Conclusion: This study reflected a decrease in current smoking prevalence among school teachers compared to previous years. Also, the perception of quality of life and perception of health status scores were lower in the current smoker group as compared to never smokers.Giriş: Sigara ile ilişkili sağlık sorunları özellikle uzun süreli kullanımından sonra sık görülür ve dolayısıyla sigaranın kümülatif yan etkileri genç yaşlarda pek görülmez. Bu nedenle, sigaranın o andaki yan etkilerini değerlendirmede yaşam kalitesi temel bir kriter haline
gelmiştir. Bu çalışmamızda amaçlarımız öğretmenlerin sigara içmelerini etkileyen faktörleri değerlendirmek ve sigara içme durumlarına
göre yaşam kalitelerini kıyaslamaktır.
Materyal ve Metod: Bu kesitsel çalışma 1 Mart 2015 ila 30 Haziran 2015 tarihleri arasında yapıldı ve Hopa'da bulunan bütün devlet
okullarındaki öğretmenler çalışmaya dahil edildi. Sosyodemografik veri formu ve WHOQOL-bref ölçeği kullanıldı. İstatistiksel analiz
için SPSS 20 kullanıldı. Ölçeğin güvenilirliğini değerlendirmek için her bir alanının Cronbach alfa değerleri hesaplandı.
Bulgular: İstatistiksel analiz 327 kişinin verilerine uygulandı. Öğretmenlerin yaş ortalaması 34.2 ± 8.73 idi ve %50.2'si kadındı.
Öğretmenlerin çoğu (%67.8) hiç sigara içmemişti, aktif içicilerin oranı %20.1 idi. Aktif içicilerin ortalama Fagerström skoru 4.1 ± 1.96
idi. Multinominal lojistik regresyon analizi erkek cinsiyet ile aktif içicilik arasında pozitif ilişki olduğunu gösterdi (OR= 2.25;95% CI:
1.17-4.32; p< 0.05). Yaşam kalitesi algısı ve sağlık durumu algısı aktif içicilerin hiç içmeyenlere göre daha düşüktü (p< 0.05). Ancak,
diğer yaşam kalitesi alanlarında sigara içme durumlarına veya bağımlılık durumlarına göre farklılık saptanmadı.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma öğretmenler arasında aktif sigara içiciliği oranında önceki yıllara göre bir düşüş olduğunu, ayrıca aktif içicilerin hiç
içmeyenlere göre yaşam kalitelerini ve sağlık durumlarını daha kötü algıladıklarını göstermiştir
Levels of anxiety and coping with stress in healthcare workers during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate anxiety levels and stress coping strategies of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Data were collected with an online survey using SurveyMonkey application. The research population comprised doctors and other medical staff living in different provinces in Turkey. The online surveys were completed by 354 healthcare workers. Demographic characteristics, severity of clinical anxiety symptoms and coping attitudes of the participants were analyzed. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Stress Coping Strategies Scale were used.Results: The BAI scores of doctors were lower than those of the other healthcare workers (p = 0.037). When compared in terms of depression categories, the two groups were found to be similar (p = 0.060). The levels of coping with stress were similar. The BAI scores of women were significantly higher (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Healthcare workers were observed to mostly develop positive coping attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study suggest that the stress caused by the outbreak involves excessive load on healthcare workers psychologically
Treatment adherence and short-term outcomes of smoking cessation outpatient clinic patients
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have shown that adherence to treatment is
fundamental to success in smoking cessation. However, smoking cessation
medication regimens are limited significantly by the struggle to adhere to them.
This study was conducted to evaluate the factors associated with treatment
adherence and quitting success in a group of patients that applied to our smoking
cessation outpatient clinic (SCC).
METHODS Patients that applied to SCC between April 2015 and December 2016
who were evaluated, found suitable for smoking cessation interventions and
started pharmacological treatment were included in this study. Only those who
could be reached by phone three months after their first application became
participants. Those who had used the prescribed treatment for at least 30 days
were grouped as treatment-adherent.
RESULTS In total, data for 346 patients were evaluated. Mean (±SD) age was
44.3±13.9 years; most of them were male (63%), primary school graduated
(36.1%), self-employed (43.7%), and had no comorbid diseases (71%).
Bupropion was started in 52% of the patients, that rate was 35.8% for varenicline
and 12.1% for a combination of the nicotine patch and gum. Mean days for
treatment use was 20.9±18.5; 59% of the patients were non-adherent to their
treatment and 51.7% had only one control visit number. Adverse reactions due to
treatment were recorded in 25% of participants, and at their third month 37.9%
of them had quit smoking. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, increase
in control visit number, absence of adverse reaction, and varenicline use, were
each associated with higher treatment adherence (p<0.001) and only being in
the treatment-adherent group was associated with quit success (OR=3.01, 95%
CI: 1.88–4.81, p=0.001).
CONCLUSIONS This study showed that most patients did not use their prescribed
SC treatments adequately; a main factor that affects quit success is treatment
adherence. There is a need for closer monitoring and follow-up to ensure
adequate use of treatment of patients
Factors associated with current smoking in COPD patients: A cross-sectional study from the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey
INTRODUCTION Even though smoking is a major reason for the development and
progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-and quitting
smoking is the only way to stop its progression-a significant number of smokers
still continue to smoke after being diagnosed with COPD. The aim of this study
is to compare the clinical and demographic characteristics of COPD patients who
are current and former smokers and to find factors associated with their current
smoking status.
METHODS For this study, data were collected between June 2015 and August 2016;
COPD patients who had been regularly visiting Hopa State Hospital’s outpatient
clinic over the last year or longer were included. Their demographic, clinical
and functional data were recorded. Patients completed a pulmonary function
test, six-minute walk test (6-MWT), COPD assessment test (CAT), and modified
Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale. Comparisons were then
made according to their smoking status.
RESULTS In total 100 patients were included in the study; with a mean age of
63.4±10.7 years and mostly males (94%). Regarding smoking status, 49% were
current smokers and 51% were former smokers. Multivariate logistic regression
analysis revealed that current smoking was negatively associated with age (odds
ratio, OR=0.93, 95% confidence interval, CI=0.88–0.96) and Global Initiative
for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage (OR=0.32, 95% CI=0.13–
0.79), and was positively associated with six-minute walk distance (OR =1.005,
95% CI=1.001–1.009) and CAT score (OR=1.07, 95% CI=1.009–1.13).
CONCLUSIONS Nearly half of the COPD patients in the study continued smoking
even after having been diagnosed with COPD. The younger patients, with better
lung function, better exercise capacity and poor quality of life were associated
with current smoking
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