Rule languages used in Tutorial chatbots programming

The function performed by the bots in Intelligent Tutorial Systems has been presented in thepaper. Therefore we were able to justify the character of functions of the chatbot being designedby our team. Its purpose is to improve the functionality of an intelligent tutorial system. By meansof tools used for the construction of the chatbot we were able to apply the strategies and techniquesalready used by commonly known authors as well as individual methods adapted to the ideascreated in our group

Polityka regionalna Arabii Saudyjskiej w kontekście Arabskiej Wiosny

The Arab Spring created a new context for the implementation of regional policy, but its main courses, instruments and mechanisms have remained unchanged. They include: the strategic alliance with the US, the regional rivalry with Iran and Shia influences, the leadership in propagation of political Islam, counterterrorism, funding both the ally regimes and their opposition in order to have all the scenarios covered. The actions taken by Saudi Arabia as its reaction to the Arab Spring are considered as counterrevolution. There is little hope for the new post-Arab-Spring governments for democracy or economic liberalization, unless they become independent of the Saudi funding. On the other hand, the Islamists, who are the main winners of the Arab Spring, will have to restrain their universal and development-oriented ambitions, and to face the influence of Wahhabi Islam, as Saudi Arabia will do what it takes to sustain its position as the leader in spreading political Islam. The analysis of the aspects of Saudi Arabia’s regional policy shows on one hand its ambition to be a regional power, competing with Iran, and on the other – its disability of playing this role independently of the US

BSDEs with stochastic Lipschitz condition and quadratic PDEs in Hilbert spaces

This paper is devoted to the study of the differentiability of solutions to real-valued backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs for short) with quadratic generators driven by a cylindrical Wiener process. The main novelty of this problem consists in the fact that the gradient equation of a quadratic BSDE has generators which satisfy stochastic Lipschitz conditions involving BMO martingales. We show some applications to the nonlinear Kolmogorov equations

Singular solutions of fully nonlinear elliptic equations and applications

We study the properties of solutions of fully nonlinear, positively homogeneous elliptic equations near boundary points of Lipschitz domains at which the solution may be singular. We show that these equations have two positive solutions in each cone of $\mathbb{R}^n$, and the solutions are unique in an appropriate sense. We introduce a new method for analyzing the behavior of solutions near certain Lipschitz boundary points, which permits us to classify isolated boundary singularities of solutions which are bounded from either above or below. We also obtain a sharp Phragm\'en-Lindel\"of result as well as a principle of positive singularities in certain Lipschitz domains.Comment: 41 pages, 2 figure

HE VALORIZATION OF URBAN COMPLEXES

The attention which has been paid for some years now to the problem of protection of natural environment should cover as well what is nearer to modern man and, namely, the town in its already past, and not yet truly historical, aspect. This pertains to the quantitatively large part of the buil-up areas o f towns dating from the turn of the 19th century. A considerable number of urban districts call for technical adaptation to the present- day requirements. Revalorization of urban areas results in their technical, functional environmental and, what is most important, also social improvement. It is due to revalorization that the whole su b standard districts of towns are redeveloped and the differences levelled between the housing conditions in the old built-up areas and the new residential estates. Those transformed urban areas are well f it ted to become particularly attractive in the scale of the whole towns concerned. This results from their situation with regard to the centre of the urban pattern, diversity of the functions exercised by them and the wealth of their architectonic visage. This is particularly valuable in the era of mass architecture and buildings raised with industrial methods. The time of revalorization is near hence the necessity of taking up reparatory work o f organizational, economic, legal and programmatic nature

Edgar Allan Poe and his Impact on Pop Culture.

Praca traktuje o osobie i twórczości Edgara Allana Poe i ich wpływie na kulturę popularną, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem współczesnej popkultury. W pracy znajdują się informacjez zakresu życiorysu pisarza, a także charakterystyka jego twórczości i recepcja jego dzieł – zarówno przez jemu współczesnych, jak i przez późniejszych odbiorców.Omówione i zdefiniowane zostało też zagadnienie popkultury i wpływu, jaki na jej kształt wywarła osoba Poego. W pracy znajduje się też próba wytłumaczenia tego wpływu – dlaczego akurat Edgar Allan Poe wywarł na jej kształt aż tak duży wpływ i wciąż na nowo jest przez jej odbiorców odkrywany.Najobszerniejszą częścią pracy jest analiza konkretnych przykładów wpływu twórczościi biografii pisarza na poszczególne działy kultury popularnej i jej wytwory, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem środków masowego przekazu, takich jak Internet czy kinematografia. Pracę kończy krótkie podsumowanie i wnioski końcowe.The work deals with life and work of Edgar Allan Poe and their impact on popular culture, with particular emphasis on contemporary pop culture. The study provides information concerning the biography of the writer, as well as the characteristics of its creation and reception of his works - both by his contemporaries and by later readers.Discussed and defined was also the issue of popular culture and the impact of Poe on its shape. The work is also an attempt to explain this impact - why Edgar Allan Poe has had on its shape so high impact and why he is still rediscovered by the readers of pop culture.The most extensive part of the work is the analysis of specific examples of the influence of author’s works and biography on individual constituents of popular culture and its products, with particular emphasis on mass media such as the Internet or cinematography. The work ends with a short summary and conclusions

Regional policy of Saudi Arabia in the context of the Arab Spring

The Arab Spring created a new context for the implementation of regional policy, but its main courses, instruments and mechanisms have remained unchanged. They include: the strategic alliance with the US, the regional rivalry with Iran and Shia influences, the leadership in propagation of political Islam, counterterrorism, funding both the ally regimes and their opposition in order to have all the scenarios covered. The actions taken by Saudi Arabia as its reaction to the Arab Spring are considered as counterrevolution. There is little hope for the new post-Arab-Spring governments for democracy or economic liberalization, unless they become independent of the Saudi funding. On the other hand, the Islamists, who are the main winners of the Arab Spring, will have to restrain their universal and development-oriented ambitions, and to face the influence of Wahhabi Islam, as Saudi Arabia will do what it takes to sustain its position as the leader in spreading political Islam. The analysis of the aspects of Saudi Arabia’s regional policy shows on one hand its ambition to be a regional power, competing with Iran, and on the other – its disability of playing this role independently of the US

Comparison of the insecticidal effectiveness of synthetic and natural myristicin against housefly (Musca domestica L.) and oriental cockroach (Blatta orientalis)

Celem pracy było określenie i porównanie aktywności biologicznej mirystycyny otrzymanej syntetycznie oraz mirystycyny wyodrębnionej z materiału roślinnego. Za źródło mirystycyny „naturalnej” posłużyły nasiona i liście pietruszki odmiany Haldblange Berlińska. Badania aktywności bójczej mirystycyny „naturalnej” i syntetycznej przeprowadzono na musze domowowej (Musca domestica L) i karaczanie wschodnim (Blatta orientalis). Mirystycyna syntetyczna wykazała dużą aktywność owadobójczą w stosunku do badanych bioindykatorów. Wyodrębnione z nasion i liści pietruszki próbki mirystycyny „naturalnej” okazały się mniej aktywne biologicznie.This study was conducted to investigate and compare biological activity of synthetic myristicin and myristicin isolated from a plant material. The source of „natural” myristicin were seeds and leaves of parsley variety Berliner Half-Long. Biological tests of insecticidal efficiency of synthetic and natural myristicin were conducted against housefly (Musca domestica L) and oriental cockroach (Blatta orientalis). Synthetic myristicin was found more active as insecticide against tested bio-indicators. The biological efficiency of natural myristicin obtained from parsley seeds and leaves was much lower

Translating Persian classic literature - linguistic and cultural problems and challenges, based on the example of selected excerpts of The Haft Paykar by Nezami Ganjavi

Celem niniejszej pracy jest zwrócenie uwagi na wyzwania, jakie stoją przed tłumaczem klasycznej perskiej poezji. Przekład literatury, szczególnie poezji, bez względu na to, z jakiego języka źródłowego, wymaga nie tylko wystarczającej znajomości tegoż języka i języka docelowego. Tłumacz musi też sprawnie poruszać się po zbiorze często mocno skonceptualizowanych figur retorycznych i odniesień do kanonu literackiego, oczywistych dla rodzimego użytkownika języka oraz być w stanie odzwierciedlić je w przekładzie w sposób zrozumiały dla odbiorcy docelowego. Zasadniczą część pracy stanowi próba przekładu fragmentu Haft Pejkar, której celem jest wskazanie na przykładzie konkretnych trudności, i sprawdzenie przydatności ogólnie przyjętych norm tłumaczenia oraz porównanie zastosowanych rozwiązań z tymi przyjętymi przez tłumaczy na inne języki europejskie. W tym celu wybrano trzy odmienne style przekładu, w dwóch językach (angielskim i włoskim). Ponadto, niniejsza praca omawia najistotniejsze trendy literackie tworzące kontekst dla utworu, przedstawia sylwetkę autora oraz dokonuje analizy i interpretacji dzieła. Całości dopełniają rozważania teoretyczne nad przekładem.The aim of this thesis is to draw attention to the challenges that Persian poetry poses to its translator. Literary translation, especially poetry, irrespective of the source language, requires more than simply a sufficient level of language fluency. The translator must, as well, be fluent in, often highly conceptualized, rhetorical figures and references to the literary canon, which are obvious to a native reader. Moreover, the translator must be able to reflect it in the target language so as to make the work understandable for the target reader. The main part of this thesis represents an attempt to translate a part of Haft Paykar in order to indicate the particular difficulties in a sample of an actual oeuvre of Persian poetry and to verify the usefulness of the general norms of translation, as well as to compare the applied solutions to those used by other translators. To this end, three different styles of translation in two languages (English and Italian) have been analyzed. Furthermore, the most important literary tendencies, which formed the context for Nezami’s oeuvre, have been introduced, as well as the profile of the author. Some theoretical considerations on translation complete the whole