Hydrothermal preparation of single crystalline CeO2 nanoparticles and the influence of alkali hydroxides on their structure and optical behavior

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Chemistry, İzmir, 2009Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 60-64)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxii, 64 leavesSingle crystalline cerium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via hydrothermal method by mixing aqueous solution of cerium nitrate [Ce(NO3)3.6H2O] with an alkali base. Several characterization methods were used to identify morphology and crystalline nature such as X-ray Diffraction, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopes. This study is divided into three parts. In the first part, some controlling parameters like, that were affecting size and shape of CeO2 nanoparticles, were studied. It was found that size of CeO2 nanoparticles increased when increasing both reaction time and temperature. Alkali base concentration promoted the particle growth. Also, particle morphology was more uniform rather than aggregated in presence of higher concentrated alkali base. When the alkali base type was changed, the use of NaOH produced larger cubic nanocrystals of CeO2 than KOH and LiOH.Second part is related to determine the optical properties of CeO2 nanoparticles. Based on the UV-Vis and Fluorescence Spectroscopy results, size, bandgap and defect level of CeO2 nanoparticles can be easily determined. Nanoparticles in presence of NaOH alkali base were found to produce less defective CeO2 nanoparticles as compared to KOH and LiOH. The last part of this work is to evaluate the shape effect on morphology, size and optical properties of CeO2 nanoparticles. Rod crystals of CeO2 were produced when the hydrothermal synthesis temperature was low (120°C) or when the reaction time was short (1 hour). When the synthesis temperature was higher than 160°C well defined cubic crystals of CeO2 started to form

Human rights education : a comparison of mother tongue textbooks in Turkey and France

Textbooks are major instructional tools playing an important role in education at all grades. The purpose of this study is to compare the level of allocation of human rights issues – rights, freedom, democracy, justice, tolerance and peace – in mother tongue textbooks in Turkey and France. For this aim, ten mother tongue textbooks from both countries were examined. Content analysis method was used to analyse the textbooks. As a result, it was observed that human rights issues are included more in Turkish textbooks when compared to French textbooks. It was found that in the textbooks of both countries the ‘rights’ subcategory is included the most while the ‘justice’ subcategory is included the least. While the intensity scores of the ‘democracy’ and ‘freedom’ subcategories were listed toward the very end in the textbooks of both countries, the ‘democracy’ subcategory occupies more places in French textbooks whereas the ‘freedom’ subcategory occupies more places in Turkish textbooks. Besides, the intensity scores for the subcategories of ‘rights’, ‘peace’ and ‘tolerance’ hold the first three places in the mother tongue textbooks of both countries.peer-reviewe

Effectiveness of law education given under social studies education undergraduate programSosyal bilgiler eğitimi lisans programı kapsamında verilen hukuk eğitiminin etkililiği

The aim of this study was to put forward the opinions and the suggestions of undergraduate social studies education department students about the effectiveness of the courses on law that they had taken in the dimensions of "aim", "content", "method" and "evaluation". Descriptive analysis was used in this qualitative study. The data was gathered by the “Opinion Form towards the Effectiveness of Law Related Education”. The working group of the study was consisted of totally 121 undergraduate "Social Studies Education" department students in the last classes of Ankara and Gazi Universities (Ankara, Turkey). In the end of the study it was seen that the law related education given in the undergraduate social studies education program was partially efficient in the dimensions of "aim", "content", "method" and "evaluation", and some revisions should be done in them. The participants do not need to improve themselves about law except the courses they have taken related to law and their tendency to read written sources about this subject is also very limited. They claim that the contents of these courses should be associated with the current events and active methods should be used during the courses. Measurement instruments of the courses which relieve the process along with classic ones should be used together. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetÇalışmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler eğitimi alanında lisans öğrenimi gören öğrencilerin, hukukla ilgili aldıkları derslerin "amaç", "içerik", "yöntem" ve "değerlendirme" boyutlarındaki etkililiğine ilişkin görüşlerini ve önerilerini ortaya koymaktır. Nitel araştırma desenindeki çalışmada verileri çözümlemek için betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Hukuk Eğitiminin Etkililiğine İlişkin Görüşme Formu” ile toplanmıştır.  Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Ankara ve Gazi Üniversiteleri’nde (Ankara, Türkiye) "Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi" lisans programı son sınıfında öğrenim gören toplam 121 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın sonunda sosyal bilgiler eğitimi lisans programında verilen hukuk eğitiminin “amaç”, “içerik”, “yöntem” ve “değerlendirme” boyutlarında genel olarak kısman etkili olduğu; geliştirilmesi ve yeniden düzenlenmesi gereken yönlerinin bulunduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Katılımcıların hukukla ilgili dersler dışında kendilerini geliştirme ihtiyacı hissetmedikleri ve hukukla ilgili kaynak okuma eğilimlerinin oldukça sınırlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlgili derslerin içeriklerinin güncel olaylarla ilişkilendirilmesinin gerekliliğini vurguladıkları görülmüştür. Bu derslerin işlenişinde aktif öğrenmeyi içeren yöntemlere başvurulmasının önemini ifade etmişlerdir. Değerlendirme boyutunda ise geleneksel/klasik ölçme araçlarıyla birlikte sürece dayalı ölçme ve değerlendirme yöntemlerinin kullanılmasının öneri olarak sundukları belirlenmiştir

İlköğretim Hayat Bilgisi ve Sosyal Bilgiler Ders Kitaplarında Tüketici Hakları

The purpose of this study is to put forth to what extent the issues of the consumer rights have been given place in elementary school Life Studies and Social Studies student textbooks. Qualitative research method was preferred in the study and all the themes and the units of the textbooks were studied by use of the content analysis method. The analysis category was determined as “Consumer Rights”. This analysis category falls into three sub-categories within themselves as “The Rights before the Consumption”, “The Rights during the Consumption” and “The Rights after the Consumption”. Frequencies and percentages were used in the analysis of data. In all the textbooks, the topic of the “The Rights during the Consumption” was given the most places.Bu çalışmanın amacı, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından 2011-2012 Eğitim-Öğretim Yılında okutulmak üzere basılan ve okullara dağıtılan ilköğretim 1., 2. ve 3. sınıf Hayat Bilgisi (HB) öğrenci ders kitapları ile 4., 5., 6. ve 7. sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler (SB) öğrenci ders kitaplarında tüketici hakları konusuna ne düzeyde yer verildiğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiş olup ilköğretim Hayat Bilgisi ve Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitaplarının tüm tema ve üniteleri içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırmada analiz kategorisi “Tüketici Hakları” olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu analiz kategorisi kendi içinde “Tüketim Öncesindeki Haklar”, “Tüketim Sırasındaki Haklar” ve “Tüketim Sonrasındaki Haklar” olarak üç alt kategoriye ayrılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde frekans ve yüzde kullanılmıştır. Ders kitaplarının tümünde tüketicilerin “Tüketim Sırasındaki Hakları” ile ilgili anlatımlara en fazla yer verildiği görülmüştür. Tüketici hakları ile ilgili anlatımlara Hayat Bilgisi ders kitapları içinde en fazla ve birbirine çok yakın oranlarda HB2 ve HB3 ders kitaplarında, Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitapları içinde ise en fazla SB4 ders kitabında yer verilmişti

Is local resection sufficient for parathyroid carcinoma?

OBJECTIVES: Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignant disease of the parathyroid glands that appears in less than 1% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In the literature, the generally recommended treatment is en bloc tumor excision with ipsilateral thyroid lobectomy. Based on our 12 years of experience, we discuss the necessity of performing thyroid lobectomy on parathyroid carcinoma patients. RESULTS: Eleven parathyroid carcinoma cases were included in the study. All operations were performed at the Department of Endocrine Surgery at Ankara University Medical School. Seven of the patients were male (63.6%), and the mean patient age was 48.9 ± 14.0 years. Hyperparathyroidism was the most common indication for surgery (n ϝ 10, 90.9%). Local disease was detected in 5 patients (45.5%), invasive disease was detected in 5 patients (45.5%) and metastatic disease was detected in 1 patient (9.1%). The mean follow-up period was 99.6 ± 42.1 months, and the patients' average disease-free survival was 96.0 ± 49.0 months. During the follow-up period, only 1 patient died of metastatic parathyroid carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Parathyroid carcinoma has a slow-growing natural progression, and regional lymph node metastases are uncommon. Although our study comprised few patients, it nevertheless showed that in selected cases, parathyroid carcinoma could be solely treated with parathyroidectomy

Axillary node metastasis from differentiated thyroid carcinoma with hürthle and signet ring cell differentiation. A case of disseminated thyroid cancer with peculiar histologic findings

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Differentiated thyroid cancer is usually associated with an excellent prognosis and indolent course. Distant metastases are rare events at the onset of thyroid cancer. Among these presentations, metastasis to the axillary lymph nodes is even more unusual: only few cases were previously reported in the literature; there has been no report of axillary lymph node metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma. Axillary lymph node metastasis generally arises in the context of disseminated disease and carries an ominous prognosis.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>Here we present a case of axillary lymph node metastasis in the context of disseminated differentiated thyroid cancer. The patient underwent near total thyroidectomy and neck and axillary lymph node dissection. A histopathological diagnosis of poorly differentiated follicular carcinoma with "signet ring cells" and Hürthle cell features was established. The patient received radioactive iodine therapy and TSH suppression therapy. Subsequently his serum thyroglobulin level decreased to 44.000 ng/ml from over 100.000 ng/ml.</p> <p>Discussion and Conclusion</p> <p>Currently there are only few reported cases of axillary node metastases from thyroid cancer, and to our knowledge, this is the first report on axillary lymph node metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma. "Signet ring cell" is a morphologic feature shared by both benign and, more rarely, malignant follicular thyroid neoplasm, and it generally correlates with an arrest in folliculogenesis. Our case is one of the rare "signet ring cells" carcinomas so far described.</p

Face Verification Competition on the XM2VTS Database

In the year 2000 a competition was organised to collect face verification results on an identical, publicly available data set using a standard evaluation protocol. The database used was the Xm2vts database along with the Lausanne protocol [14]. Four different institutions submitted results on the database which were subsequently published in [13]. Three years later, a second contest using the same dataset and protocol was organised as part of AVBPA 2003. This time round seven seperate institutions submitted results to the competition. This paper presents the results of the competition and shows that verification results on this protocol have increased in performance by a factor of 3