343 research outputs found
QCD-like Theories on R_3\times S_1: a Smooth Journey from Small to Large r(S_1) with Double-Trace Deformations
We consider QCD-like theories with one massless fermion in various
representations of the gauge group SU. The theories are formulated on
. In the decompactification limit of large all these
theories are characterized by confinement, mass gap and spontaneous breaking of
a (discrete) chiral symmetry (SB). At small , in order to
stabilize the vacua of these theories at a center-symmetric point, we suggest
to perform a double trace deformation. With these deformation, the theories at
hand are at weak coupling at small and yet exhibit basic features of
the large- limit: confinement and SB. We calculate the string
tension, mass gap, bifermion condensates and dependence. The
double-trace deformation becomes dynamically irrelevant at large .
Despite the fact that at small confinement is Abelian, while it is
expected to be non-Abelian at large , we argue that small and
large- physics are continuously connected. If so, one can use
small- laboratory to extract lessons about QCD and QCD-like theories on
.Comment: 49 pages, 2 figure
Türkiye'de veteriner hekimliği eğitiminde su ürünleri ve balıkçılık: Tarihsel süreç ve son gelişmeler]
This study aims to depict the historical background and recent developments of education on fisheries, aquaculture, and aquatic animal diseases in veterinary faculties in Turkey. Data collected by verbal communication with the deanships of veterinary faculties in Turkey and the exploration of their web sites, as well as original documents obtained first-hand from the archives of the Ankara, Ondokuz Mayıs, Bursa Uludağ, Erciyes, Harran, and Aksaray Veterinary Faculties, constituted the main material of this study. Data were assessed by means of the content analysis. In Turkey, while fisheries and aquaculture were first included in the veterinary curriculum in the 1940s as a joint lecture, under the name of Honeybee and Fish Diseases”, the first department was established in 1967 within the Ankara University Veterinary Faculty. In the following years, counterpart departments were established within the veterinary faculties in Elazığ and İstanbul. However, after the reorganisation of higher education in 1981, it was decided to close down those departments. The significant advances of the aquaculture sector by the end of the 20th century, requiring the employment of veterinarians in this sector, and the inclusion of this field in the acquis of the European Union led to relevant lectures being reincluded in the curricula of veterinary faculties in Turkey and relevant departments being established within these faculties. It has been determined that, today, while 5 veterinary faculties continue with related education and training activities and academic research under the tutelage of departments of fisheries, aquaculture, and aquatic animal diseases, 21 veterinary faculties with no counterpart departments have included lectures on fisheries, aquaculture, and aquatic animal diseases in their curricula. It is considered that in order to improve the aquatic animal health status and to meet the increasing demand for veterinary human resources of the sector in Turkey, education and research opportunities offered by veterinary educational institutions need to be increased, and the authorities and responsibilities of the different occupational stakeholder groups involved in fisheries and aquaculture should be clearly demarcated in the legislation. © 2021, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi. All rights reserved
Continuity, Deconfinement, and (Super) Yang-Mills Theory
We study the phase diagram of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with one adjoint Weyl
fermion on R^3xS^1 as a function of the fermion mass m and the compactification
scale L. This theory reduces to thermal pure gauge theory as m->infinity and to
circle-compactified (non-thermal) supersymmetric gluodynamics in the limit
m->0. In the m-L plane, there is a line of center symmetry changing phase
transitions. In the limit m->infinity, this transition takes place at
L_c=1/T_c, where T_c is the critical temperature of the deconfinement
transition in pure Yang-Mills theory. We show that near m=0, the critical
compactification scale L_c can be computed using semi-classical methods and
that the transition is of second order. This suggests that the deconfining
phase transition in pure Yang-Mills theory is continuously connected to a
transition that can be studied at weak coupling. The center symmetry changing
phase transition arises from the competition of perturbative contributions and
monopole-instantons that destabilize the center, and topological molecules
(neutral bions) that stabilize the center. The contribution of molecules can be
computed using supersymmetry in the limit m=0, and via the
Bogomolnyi--Zinn-Justin (BZJ) prescription in the non-supersymmetric gauge
theory. Finally, we also give a detailed discussion of an issue that has not
received proper attention in the context of N=1 theories---the non-cancellation
of nonzero-mode determinants around supersymmetric BPS and KK
monopole-instanton backgrounds on R^3xS^1. We explain why the non-cancellation
is required for consistency with holomorphy and supersymmetry and perform an
explicit calculation of the one-loop determinant ratio.Comment: A discussion of the non-cancellation of the nonzero mode determinants
around supersymmetric monopole-instantons in N=1 SYM on R^3xS^1 is added,
including an explicit calculation. The non-cancellation is, in fact, required
by supersymmetry and holomorphy in order for the affine-Toda superpotential
to be reproduced. References have also been adde
Between a rock and a hard place: corporate elites in the context of religion and secularism in Turkey
Drawing on discourse analyses of 36 in-depth interviews with elite business people from Turkey, the study identifies the networking patterns of new and established business elites in the context of economic liberalization and socioreligious transformation of the country. Through a comparative analysis of the so-called secular and religious elite networks, we demonstrate the role of institutional actors such as the government, and identity networks, based on religion and place of birth in shaping the form and content of social networks among business elites in Turkey. In order to achieve this, we operationalize Bourdieu's notion of theory of practice and Granovetter's theory of social networks, illustrating the utility of combining these approaches in explicating the form and content of social networks in their situated contexts, in which power and divergent interests are negotiated.Galatasaray University Research Fund [grant number 12.102.005]
Planar Limit of Orientifold Field Theories and Emergent Center Symmetry
We consider orientifold field theories (i.e. SU(N) Yang--Mills theories with
fermions in the two-index symmetric or antisymmetric representations) on R3xS1
where the compact dimension can be either temporal or spatial. These theories
are planar equivalent to supersymmetric Yang--Mills. The latter has Z_N center
symmetry. The famous Polyakov criterion establishing confinement-deconfinement
phase transition as that from Z_N symmetric to Z_N broken phase applies. At the
Lagrangian level the orientifold theories have at most a Z_2 center. We discuss
how the full Z_N center symmetry dynamically emerges in the orientifold
theories in the limit N-->infinity. In the confining phase the manifestation of
this enhancement is the existence of stable k-strings in the large-N limit of
the orientifold theories. These strings are identical to those of
supersymmetric Yang--Mills theories. We argue that critical temperatures (and
other features) of the confinement-deconfinement phase transition are the same
in the orientifold daughters and their supersymmetric parent up to 1/N
corrections. We also discuss the Abelian and non-Abelian confining regimes of
four-dimensional QCD-like theories.Comment: 28 pages, 1 figure. v2: typos corrected, refs. adde
Holographic dual of the Eguchi-Kawai mechanism
archiveprefix: arXiv primaryclass: hep-th reportnumber: NORDITA-2014-40, UUITP-03-14, QMUL-PH-14-08 slaccitation: %%CITATION = ARXIV:1404.0225;%%archiveprefix: arXiv primaryclass: hep-th reportnumber: NORDITA-2014-40, UUITP-03-14, QMUL-PH-14-08 slaccitation: %%CITATION = ARXIV:1404.0225;%%archiveprefix: arXiv primaryclass: hep-th reportnumber: NORDITA-2014-40, UUITP-03-14, QMUL-PH-14-08 slaccitation: %%CITATION = ARXIV:1404.0225;%%The work of K.Z. was supported by
the ERC advanced grant No 341222, by the Marie Curie network GATIS of the European
Union’s FP7 Programme under REA Grant Agreement No 317089, and by the Swedish
Research Council (VR) grant 2013-4329. DY acknowledges NORDITA where this work
was begun, during his time as a NORDITA fellow
The semi-classical expansion and resurgence in gauge theories: new perturbative, instanton, bion, and renormalon effects
We study the dynamics of four dimensional gauge theories with adjoint
fermions for all gauge groups, both in perturbation theory and
non-perturbatively, by using circle compactification with periodic boundary
conditions for the fermions. There are new gauge phenomena. We show that, to
all orders in perturbation theory, many gauge groups are Higgsed by the gauge
holonomy around the circle to a product of both abelian and nonabelian gauge
group factors. Non-perturbatively there are monopole-instantons with fermion
zero modes and two types of monopole-anti-monopole molecules, called bions. One
type are "magnetic bions" which carry net magnetic charge and induce a mass gap
for gauge fluctuations. Another type are "neutral bions" which are magnetically
neutral, and their understanding requires a generalization of multi-instanton
techniques in quantum mechanics - which we refer to as the
Bogomolny-Zinn-Justin (BZJ) prescription - to compactified field theory. The
BZJ prescription applied to bion-anti-bion topological molecules predicts a
singularity on the positive real axis of the Borel plane (i.e., a divergence
from summing large orders in peturbation theory) which is of order N times
closer to the origin than the leading 4-d BPST instanton-anti-instanton
singularity, where N is the rank of the gauge group. The position of the
bion--anti-bion singularity is thus qualitatively similar to that of the 4-d IR
renormalon singularity, and we conjecture that they are continuously related as
the compactification radius is changed. By making use of transseries and
Ecalle's resurgence theory we argue that a non-perturbative continuum
definition of a class of field theories which admit semi-classical expansions
may be possible.Comment: 112 pages, 7 figures; v2: typos corrected, discussion of
supersymmetric models added at the end of section 8.1, reference adde
Various Super Yang-Mills Theories with Exact Supersymmetry on the Lattice
We continue to construct lattice super Yang-Mills theories along the line
discussed in the previous papers \cite{sugino, sugino2}. In our construction of
theories in four dimensions, the problem of degenerate vacua
seen in \cite{sugino} is resolved by extending some fields and soaking up
would-be zero-modes in the continuum limit, while in the weak coupling
expansion some surplus modes appear both in bosonic and fermionic sectors
reflecting the exact supersymmetry. A slight modification to the models is made
such that all the surplus modes are eliminated in two- and three-dimensional
models obtained by dimensional reduction thereof. models in
three dimensions need fine-tuning of three and one parameters respectively to
obtain the desired continuum theories, while two-dimensional models with do not require any fine-tuning.Comment: 28 pages, no figure, LaTeX, JHEP style; (v2) published version to
JHEP; (v3) argument on the vacuum degeneracy revised, 34 page
Compact Gauge Fields for Supersymmetric Lattices
We show that a large class of Euclidean extended supersymmetric lattice gauge
theories constructed in [hep-lat/0302017 - hep-lat/0503039] can be regarded as
compact formulations by using the polar decomposition of the complex link
fields. In particular, the gauge part of the supersymmetric lattice action is
the standard Wilson action. This formulation facilitates the construction of
gauge invariant operators.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures. Minor change
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