The effect of motivational music on wingate anaerobic test performance

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the motivational music on the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) performance. 16 male students who studied at School of Physical Education and Sports, Kocatepe University participated in the study voluntarily. After demographic characteristics of the voluntaries [age, height, body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI)] were measured without music (pre-test) and with motivational music [>120 bpm (beats per minute)] conditions (post-test). For the analyses of the data; Wilcoxon Rank Test was used in order to detect the difference among the variables. As a result of the measurements taken in with and without music conditions; it was found out that there was a statistically significant difference on behalf of condition with music in terms of maximum anaerobic power (MaxAP), maximum anaerobic capacity (MAC), relative anaerobic power (RAP), relative anaerobic capacity (RAC) and fatigue index (FI) values (p<0,05), while there was no statistically significant difference in terms of minimum anaerobic power (MinAP) values (p>0,05). It was determined that the motivational music has positive effects on the WAnT performance. However; although it was seen that motivational music increased the WAnT performance, we were of the opinion that this effect emerged thanks to the increased psycho-physiological factors caused by music

Selenoprotein P levels in patients with diabetes mellitus with complications

Aims: Increasing evidence has shown that selenoprotein P levels are elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus and are associated with insulin resistance and release. This study aimed to determine if there was a connection between selenoprotein P levels and metabolic parameters in patients with diabetes with microvascular complications. Methods: Serum selenoprotein P concentrations were measured by ELISA in 44 patients with diabetes with complications and 36 patients with diabetes without complications. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in selenoprotein P levels between the groups [1.9 (0.9–2.6) and 1.9 (0.8–2.4) ng/mL, respectively, p = 0.565]. Selenoprotein P, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were not statistically significantly correlated in patients with complications. However, there was a significant correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = − 0.401, p = 0.042). Conclusions: We did not find high selenoprotein P levels in patients with complications, but its inverse association with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol indicates that it may play a role in developing cardiovascular disease in this community of patients. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India

Ortaokul 7. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Ekosistem Kavramını Anlama Düzeylerinin Çalışma Yaprakları Aracılığıyla Belirlenmesi

This study aims to determine students’ levels of understanding the concept of ecosystem and its elements. Data were collected from 47 seventh grade students attending 3 different middle schools via the worksheets entitled “Let’s Create Our Own Ecosystem”, which was developed by the researchers. The collected data were analyzed through the rubric developed by the researchers. The research results indicate that students understand the concept of ecosystem partially, and that although they are aware of the elements of ecosystem individually, they have limited cognition of and some misconceptions regarding the functions of these elements as well as their interactions with one another. To get rid of these problems, students should be made to comprehend that the ecosystem is a dynamic system, and that any change in one of its elements affects the entire system. Relationships between these elements should be presented to students on the basis of cause and effect relationships by providing concrete examples from the daily life.Bu araştırmada, öğrencilerin ekosistem kavramını ve ekosistemi oluşturan öğeleri anlama düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Veriler 3 farklı ortaokulda, 7. sınıfta öğrenim gören 47 öğrenciden, araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan “Kendi Ekosistemimizi Oluşturalım” çalışma yaprağı aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen derecelendirme ölçeği aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, öğrencilerin ekosistem kavramını kısmen anladıklarını, öğrencilerin ekosistem öğelerinin ayrı ayrı farkında oldukları halde öğelerin ekosistemdeki işlevi ve birbiriyle etkileşimleriyle ilgili sınırlı bir bilişsel yapıya ve bazı kavram yanılgılarına sahip olduklarını ortaya koymuştur. Bu sıkıntının giderilebilmesi için öğretim sürecinde ekosistemlerin dinamik sistemler oldukları, öğelerden birindeki değişikliğin tüm sistemi etkileyeceğinin öğrencilere kavratılması önerilmektedir. Öğeler arasındaki ilişkiler neden-sonuç ilişkisi içerisinde, öğrencilerin anlayabileceği, günlük yaşamdan somut örneklerle öğrencilere sunulmalıdır

Effects of air-polishing powders on color stability of composite resins

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different air-polishing powders on the color stability of different types of composite resin restorative materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty cylindrical specimens (15×2 mm) were prepared for each of 7 composite resin restorative materials. All specimens were polished with a series of aluminum oxide polishing discs (Sof-Lex). The prepared specimens of each composite resin were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 specimens each, for control (Group-C) and two air-powder applications (Group-CP: Cavitron Prophy-Jet; Group-PS: Sirona ProSmile prophylaxis powder). A standard air-polishing unit (ProSmile Handly) was used. All specimens were air-powdered for 10 s at 4-bar pressure. The distance of the spray nosel from the specimens was approximately 10 mm and angulation of the nosel was 90°. Specimens were stored in 100 mL of coffee (Nescafe Classic) for 24 h at 37°C. Color measurement of all specimens was recorded before and after exposure to staining agent with a colorimeter (Minolta CR-300). Color differences (∆E*) between the 2 color measurements (baseline and after 24 h storage) were calculated. The data were analyzed with a 2-way ANOVA test, and mean values were compared by the Tukey HSD test (

The Effects of Educational Level on Breast Cancer Awareness: A Cross-Sectional Study in Turkey

Breast self-examination (BSE) is important for early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). However, the majority of Turkish women do not perform regular BSE. We aimed to evaluate the effects of education level on the attitudes and behaviors of women towards BSE. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 413 women (20-59 years), divided into university graduates (Group I, n = 224) and high school or lower graduates (Group II, n = 189). They completed a 22-item scale assessing the knowledge level, attitudes and behaviors regarding BSE, and the Turkish version of the Champion's Revised Health Belief Model. A significantly higher number of women in Group II did not believe in early diagnosis of BC. A significantly higher number of Group I had conducted BSE at least once, and their BSE frequency was also significantly high. Moreover, a significantly lower number of Group I women considered themselves to not be at risk for BC and the scores for perceived susceptibility and perceived barriers were significantly higher. Logistic regression analysis identified the university graduate group to have a higher likelihood of performing BSE, by 1.8 times. Higher educational levels were positively associated with BSE performance. Overall, the results suggest that Turkish women, regardless of their education level, need better education on BSE. Consideration of the education level in women will help clinicians develop more effective educational programs, resulting in more regular practice and better use of BSE

Comparison of controlled-intermittent anal dilatation and lateral internal sphincterotomy in the treatment of chronic anal fissures: A prospective, randomized study

Aim: The results of controlled-intermittent anal dilatation (CIAD) or lateral internal sphincterotomy ( LIS) in the treatment of chronic anal fissures are presented. Material and methods: Forty patients who were randomized to two groups underwent CIAD or a LIS. The pre- and post-operative mean anal canal resting pressures (MACRPs) and symptoms were recorded and the results were compared. Results: Two months post-operatively, 18 patients in the CIAD group and 17 patients in the LIS group had healed completely, and had no anal incontinence or other complications. The post-operative improvement in pain, bleeding, and constipation did not differ significantly between the two groups. In the CIAD and LIS groups, the pre-operative MACRPs were 89.7 +/- 16.5 and 87.6 +/- 12.3 mmHg, respectively; 2 months post-operatively, the MACRPs had significantly decreased to 76.9 +/- 13.7 and 78.1 +/- 11.3 mmHg in the CIAD and LIS groups, respectively. No statistical difference existed in the pre- or post-treatment MACRPs between the groups. Conclusion: CIAD applied with a standardized technique reduced anal canal resting pressure and provided symptomatic healing that was equivalent to a LIS. Since there were no findings of incontinence, or situations which resulted in sphincter damage, we conclude that CIAD is suitable for patients with chronic anal fissures because it is less invasive than LIS, with equivalent efficacy and safety. In addition, the CIAD method may be an alternative procedure in older and multiparous women who has a higher risk of incontinence. (c) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Surgical Associates Ltd

Sarıçam ormanlarının verimliliği ile vejetasyon ve tür çeşitliliği arasındaki ilişkiler: Türkmen Dağı örneği

Bu çalışmada Türkmen dağında sarıçamın verimliliği ile vejetasyonun dağılımı ve bitki çeşitliliği arasındaki ilişkiler araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, sarıçamın bonitet endeksi değerleri ile örnek alanlarda bulunan odunsu ve otsu taksonlar, 33 örnek alanda, analitik değerlendirmeler için öncelikle belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada vejetasyon gruplarının ayrımı için iki yönlü gösterge analizi (TWINSPAN) kullanılmış ve iki alt grubun ayrımı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, alt vejetasyon gruplarının uyumluluğunu ortaya koymak ve örnek alanların eksen değerlerini belirlemek maksadıyla, vejetasyon veri matrisine, eğrisel uyum analizi (DCA) uygulanmıştır. Daha sonra, DCA eksen verileri ile sarıçam bonitet endeksi değerleri arasında korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. DCA analizinin I. ekseni ile bonitet endeksi arasında pozitif önemli ilişki mevcuttur. Ayrıca her örnek alanın bitki çeşitliliği Shannon-Wiener çeşitlilik indisi ile belirlenmiştir. Çeşitlilik değerleri ile bonitet endeksi değerleri arasında korelasyon analizi yapılmış ve pozitif önemli ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, sarıçamın verimliliğinde vejetasyonun dağılımının ve bitki çeşitliliğinin önemli göstergeler olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Vejetasyon, Bitki çeşitliliği, Sarıçam, Verimlilik, Uyum analizi, İki yönlü gösterge analizi, Gösterge türle

Impact of ligating gonadal or adrenal collateral veins with the left renal vein on renal function and histology in right-nephrectomized rats

Background: In cases of trauma to the left renal vein (LRV), its ligation near the inferior vena cava (IVC) is considered, but the consequences are not always good. We investigated the role of collateral venous drainage after ligation of the LRV by studying the renal function and histology after ligation of the LRV near the IVC alone or with ligation of the gonadal or adrenal collaterals, in right-nephrectomized (RN) rats. Material and methods: Ligation of the LRV near the IVC alone (group 1) or with ligation of the adrenal (group 2) or gonadal (group 3) collaterals was studied in RN Wistar rats (n = 18 per group). The renal histopathology (ischemic cortical necrosis) and functional status (urea, creatinine, sodium, and potassium) were compared. Results: In RN rats, the results were better when ligating the LRV near the IVC alone or with the adrenal collaterals [mortality 4/18 (22.2%) and 3/18 (16.7%), respectively] than when ligating the LRV near the IVC plus the gonadal collaterals [mortality 15/18 (83.3%)] (p < 0.0001). All early deaths occurred within three days and resulted from serious histopathological (ischemic cortical necrosis) and functional (increased urea, creatinine, and potassium; decreased sodium) renal damage. Conclusion: In right-nephrectomized rats, the LRV near the IVC and the adrenal collateral can be ligated, while the gonadal collateral should be preserved. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Surgical Associates Ltd

Quantitative assessment of left atrial functions by speckle tracking echocardiography in hypertensive patients with and without retinopathy

Purpose:The association between hypertensive retinopathy and left atrial(LA) impairment is unknown. Accordingly, it was aimed to investigate the possiblerelationship between hypertensive retinopathy and LA phasic functions by means oftwo-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE).Methods:A total of 124 hypertensive patients and 27 control subjects were includedin the study. LA reservoir strain (LAS-S), LA conduit strain (LAS-E), and LA boosterstrain (LAS-A) parameters were used to evaluate LA myocardial functions.Results:Hypertensive patients (with and without retinopathy) displayed an obviousreduction in the LA reservoir strain (LAS-S),and LA conduit strain (LAS-E). Moreover,further impairment in LA reservoir and conduit strain was found in patients withhypertensive retinopathy than in the isolated hypertensive patients. There were nosignificant differences in LA booster strain (LAS-A) among the three groups. ImpairedLAS-S(OR: 0.764, CI: 0.657–0.888, andp< 0.001), LAS-E(OR: 0.754, CI: 0.634–0.897,andp=0.001), and hypertension (HT) duration (OR: 2.345, CI: 1.568–3.507, andp< 0.001) were shown to be independent predictors of hypertensive retinopathy.Conclusion:Impaired LA reservoir and conduit strain may be used to predict hyper-tensive patients at higher risk of developing hypertensive retinopathy, and to deter-mine which patients should be followed more closely for hypertensive retinopath