K-shell x-ray spectroscopy of atomic nitrogen

Absolute {\it K}-shell photoionization cross sections for atomic nitrogen have been obtained from both experiment and state-of-the-art theoretical techniques. Due to the difficulty of creating a target of neutral atomic nitrogen, no high-resolution {\it K}-edge spectroscopy measurements have been reported for this important atom. Interplay between theory and experiment enabled identification and characterization of the strong $1s$ $\rightarrow$ $np$ resonance features throughout the threshold region. An experimental value of 409.64 $\pm$ 0.02 eV was determined for the {\it K}-shell binding energy.Comment: 4 pages, 2 graphs, 1 tabl

Industry Trends to 2040

The engineering design community needs to development tools and methods now to support emerging technological and societal trends. While many forecasts exist for technological and societal changes, this paper reports on the findings of a workshop, which addressed trends in engineering design to 2040. The paper summarises the key findings from the six themes of the workshop: societal trends, ways of working, lifelong learning, technology, modelling and simulation and digitisation; and points to the challenge of understanding how these trends affect each othe

The Self-assessment of the University Libraries and Accreditation System

This paper presents an in-depth case study from a development project in the bank sector. The findings have implications for companies that consider openness in their innovation activities. A large company that wishes to involve suppliers, partners, customers and end-users need to be prepared organizationally, with e.g., motivated individuals, and allocated budgets. This applies regardless company size, but, the study indicates that a smaller firm can more easily involve end-users, and can take advantage of its (built-in) proximity and flexibility towards customers. By knowing more and by planning for openness in a product development project, the expectations of involved parties can more easily be met. The indepth case study illustrates that openness in innovation takes time, and requires efforts, and should not be undertaken unless the company is well prepared for it.Business Navigato

Моделирование потребления активной мощности насосных агрегатов с изменяющимся режимом водопотребления

Материалы XX Междунар. науч.-техн. конф. студентов, аспирантов и молодых ученых, Гомель, 23–24 апр. 2020 г

Near-Edge X‐ray Absorption Fine Structure Investigation of the Quasi-One-Dimensional Organic Conductor (TMTSF)2PF6

We present high-resolution near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) measurements at the P L2/3 edges, F K edge, C K edge, and Se M2/3 edges of the quasi-one-dimensional (1D) conductor and superconductor (TMTSF)2PF6. NEXAFS allows probing the donor and acceptor moieties separately; spectra were recorded between room temperature (RT) and 30 K at normal incidence. Spectra taken around RT were also studied as a function of the angle (θ) between the electric field of the X-ray beam and the 1D conducting direction. In contrast with a previous study of the S L2/3-edges spectra in (TMTTF)2AsF6, the Se M2/3 edges of (TMTSF)2PF6 do not exhibit a well-resolved spectrum. Surprisingly, the C K-edge spectra contain three well-defined peaks exhibiting strong and nontrivial θ and temperature dependence. The nature of these peaks as well as those of the F K-edge spectra could be rationalized on the basis of first-principles DFT calculations. Despite the structural similarity, the NEXAFS spectra of (TMTSF)2PF6 and (TMTTF)2AsF6 exhibit important differences. In contrast with the case of (TMTTF)2AsF6, the F K-edge spectra of (TMTSF)2PF6 do not change with temperature despite stronger donor−anion interactions. All these features reveal subtle differences in the electronic structure of the TMTSF and TMTTF families of salts

Ultrafast charge transfer processes accompanying KLL Auger decay in aqueous KCl solution

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and KLL Auger spectra of aqueous KCl solution were measured for the K$^+$ and Cl$^-$ edges. While the XPS spectra of potassium and chloride have similar structures, both exhibiting only weak satellite structures near the main line, the Auger spectra of these isoelectronic ions differ dramatically. A very strong satellite peak was found in the K$^+$ KLL Auger spectrum at the low kinetic energy side of the $^1$D state. Using equivalent core models and ab initio calculations this spectral structure was assigned to electron transfer processes from solvent water molecules to the solvated K$^+$ cation. Contrary to the potassium case, no extra peak was found in the KLL Auger spectrum of solvated Cl$^-$ indicating on a strong dependence of the underlying processes on ionic charge. The observed charge transfer processes are suggested to play an important role in charge redistribution following single and multiple core-hole creation in atomic and molecular systems placed into an environment

Towards sustainable servitization: a literature review of methods and frameworks

Service-based business models have attracted growing interest as means to capture sustainable value. There is still unclear terminology and lack of understanding on how servitization can locate sustainability as central value. The purpose of this study is to consolidate the terminology and methods for servitization, to identify factors and elements that contribute to a sustainability perspective. The followed methodology includes a comprehensive literature review, further analyzed through a conceptual framework using an evidence-based approach. The findings of this study will clarify existing terminologies and frameworks while supporting the development of service-based business models that avoid the sustainability paradox of servitization

Ionization potentials of crystalline organic thin films: Position dependence due to molecular shape and charge redistribution

In addition to electronic polarization or charge redistribution, the shape of neutral conjugated molecules yields position-dependent ionization potentials and electron affinities in organic thin films. Self-consistent I(n) and A(n) are computed in each layer n of 10-layer films of prototypical organics on a metal. The depth dependence of I(n) is discussed at surfaces of anthracene, C60 and PTCDA. The shape contribution can be substantial, up to 0.5 eV, and comes primarily from charge-quadrupole interactions.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, Accepted in Chem. Phys. Letter